牛津上海版中考语法一轮复习之宾语从句教案.docx
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牛津上海版中考语法一轮复习之宾语从句教案
教学内容
1.1、状语从句连接词2、状语从句考点复习3、讲义易错题部分抽查
一.宾语从句
【知识梳理】
1.宾语从句的概念
在主句中充当宾语的从句就是宾语从句。
它跟在及物动词或介词后面作宾语。
例如:
Ihearthathewillcomesoon.
HeaskedifIhadknownhim.
CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotheschool?
笫一句中的主句是Ihear,其中I是主语,hear是谓语,而宾语则由thathewillcomesoon这句从句充当。
第二句中的主句是Heasked,其中He是主语,asked是谓语,而宾语则由ifIhadknownhim这句从句充当。
第三句中的主句是Couldyoutellme,其中you是主语,tell是谓语,me是间接宾语,而直接宾语则由howIcangettotheschool这句从句充当。
2.宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句的引导词有that(可省略),if,whether,who,whose,what等。
如:
Hetellsme(that)heisgoingshoppingthisSunday.他告诉我这个星期天他要去购物。
Sheaskedmeif/whethershecouldjoinus.她问我她是否可以加入我们。
Doyouknowwhobrokethedoor.你知道谁弄坏了门吗?
(1)由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,表示陈述意义,连词(that)常可被省略。
如:
Weknow(that)thereisnoairorwateronthemoon.
I'mafraid(that)Iwon'tbeabletopasstheexam.
Hesaid(that)hewouldcomeheresoon.
(2)由从属连词if或whether引导的宾语从句,表示“是否”等一般疑问句的含义。
如果要强调“究竟……还是不……”,常用连词whether引导宾语从句,后面再加ornot,或直接在whether后加ornot。
注意:
除了if或whether作引导词以外,宾语从句原来的疑问语序要变成陈述语序。
如果主句是过去时态,那么从句也要改成过去的某种时态,但从句中如果表达自然规律、客观真理,那么时态仍用一般现在时。
如:
Hashereceivedtheparcel?
(Iwonder…)
改成:
Iwonderif/whetherhehasreceivedtheparcel.
Willtheycomehereornot?
(Heaskedme…)
改成:
Heaskedmewhethertheywouldcomehereornot.
(3)由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,how,why等引导的宾语从句,表示“谁、谁的、什么、哪个、哪些、何时、何地、怎样、为什么”等特殊问句的意义。
注意:
除了引导词以外,宾语从句的语序应用陈述语厚。
主句是过去时,从句也要作相应的变化。
而Wouldyoutellme则是客气委婉的说法,不是过去时。
如:
Whomisshewaitingfor?
(Iwondered…)
改成:
Iwonderedwhomshewaswaitingfor.
Wheredoyoulive?
(Heasked…)
改成:
Heaskedwhereyoulived.
HowlonghaveyoulearnedEnglish?
(Couldyoutellme…)
改成:
CouldyoutellmehowlongyouhavelearnedEnglish?
总而言之,在做宾语从句练习中,我们必须考虑如下几个步骤:
引导词(that,if/whether,wh-)→语序(陈述)→时态→人称→时间。
3.宾语从句的语序
在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句都要使用陈述语序。
如:
Iwanttoknowwhenthetrainleft.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。
Couldyoutellmewhatyournameis?
你能告诉我你叫什么名字吗?
4.宾语从句的时态
①如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句,宾语从句可以根据实际需要用各种时态。
如:
Hetellsusthathehasbeenabletolookafterhimself.他告诉我们他已经能够照顾自己了。
②如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句应该使用对应的过去时态的一种。
如:
Theysaidthattheyhadalreadyfinishedthework.他们说他们已经完成了工作。
③宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、格言等时,用一般现在时。
如:
Everyoneknowstherearesixtyminutesinanhour.大家都知道1小时有60分钟。
5.否定前移
在宾语从句中,当主句的主语为I或we,谓语动词为think,believe,suppose等时,否定应前移。
如:
Idon’tthinkheisright.我认为他不对。
Wedon’tsupposehewillcome.我们猜测他不会来。
【例题精讲】
例1.(常州2017新课结业考)
—Couldyoutellus_________?
—Sometimes,ifIhavetime.
A.howlongyouplaycomputergames
B.howoftenyougotothepark
C.howsoonyouwillseeafilm
D.howmuchtimeyouspendonhomeworkeveryday
【答案】B
【分析】本题考查的是宾语从句。
这题较为简单,只需要根据答句就可以判断出选B。
句意为—你能不能告诉我你多久去一次公园?
—有时候,如果我有时间的话。
例2.(上海普陀区二模)Jacktoldthelibrarianthatthebook_______assoonashefinishedreadingit.
A.wasreturned
B.wouldbereturned
C.hasbeenreturned
D.willbereturned
【答案】B
例3.Iwonder______astheadvertisementhaspromised
A.doestheair-cleanerreallywork
B.theair-cleanerreallyworks
C.thattheaircleanerreallywork
D.iftheair-cleanerreallyworks
【答案】D
例4.Theteacherwantedtoknow_______youweresolate.
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.why
【答案】D
【分析】D
例5.Welearntfromhisletter_______hewasinLondon.
A.which
B.that
C.whether
D.if
【答案】B
【分析】B
例6.Sheaskedme_______Icouldhelpherwithherbox.
A.what
B.who
C.if
D.that
【答案】C
【分析】C
例7.IaskedmyfriendJim_______hewasgettingon.
A.what
B.why
C.which
D.how
【答案】D
【分析】D
例8.Hebegantothinkabout_______heshoulddothenewwork.
A.what
B.who
C.which
D.how
【答案】D
【分析】D
例9.Itistenyears_____wemetlasttime.
A.before
B.since
C.from
D.as
【答案】B
【分析】B
例10.HehasmademuchprogressinEnglish____hecametostudyinuniversity.
A.while
B.after
C.when
D.since
【答案】D
【分析】D
例11.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.
A.rise
B.rose
C.rises
D.hadrisen
【答案】C
【分析】C
例12.Wouldyouliketoknow_______theywilldoitornot?
A.if
B.that
C.whether
D.why
【答案】C
【分析】C
例13.---Sorry,whatdidyousayjustnow?
---Iasked______.
A.whendidheleave
B.whereyouhavebeen
C.whomwillyougowith
D.howIcouldgettothestation
【答案】D
【分析】D
例14.---Doyouknow___theCapitalMuseum?
---NextFriday.
A.whenwilltheyvisit
B.whentheywillvisit
C.whendidtheyvisit
D.whentheyvisited
【答案】B
【分析】B
例15.Thebicycleisn’tworth__________.
A.whatyoupaidfor
B.thatyoupaidfor
C.whatyoupaidforit
D.thatyoupaidforit
【答案】C
例16.(上海徐汇区一模)Thelittlegirlaskedhermum_____________
A.whenwillherbabyteethstarttofallout
B.whenherbabyteethwouldstarttofallout
C.whenwouldherbabyteethstarttofallout
D.whenherbabyteethwillstarttofallout
【答案】B
例17.(上海嘉定一模)Jack’smotherwondered.
A.howmuchthedigitalcamerahascost
B.thedigitalcamerahadcosthowmuch
C.howmuchthedigitalcamerahadcost
D.howmuchhadthedigitalcameracost
【答案】C
【分析】C
例18.Doyouremember________whenyoulastsawhim?
A.thatTomtoldyou
B.wherewasTomgoing
C.whowaswithTom
D.whatTomisgoingtodo
【答案】C
【分析】C
例19.—Iwonder________MottStreet.
—Gothreeblocksandturnright.It‵srightthere.
A.ifchouldyoutellmehowtogetto
B.thatyoucouldtellmehowIcangetto
C.ifyoucouldtellmehowIcangetto
D.thatcouldyoutellmehowIcan
【答案】C
【分析】C
例20.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme_______?
—Yes.Goalongthestreetandturnrightatthecinema.Thenyouwillfindit.
A.whereisthenearestbank
B.wherethenearestbankis
C.wherewasthenearestbank
D.wherethenearestbankwas
【答案】B
【分析】B
例21.
----PhiliphasgonetoNewZealand.
----Oh,canyoutellme
__________?
AwhendidheleaveBwhenheisleavingCwhenheleftDwhenisheleaving
【答案】C
例22.
Ican’tdecide
___________.
AwhattodoitB.HowshallIdoitChowtodoitDwhatshallIdoit
【答案】C
例23.Idon'tknowifit_______tomorrow.Ifit_______,Iwon'tgo.
A.willrain;willrain
B.rains;rains
C.rains;willrain
D.willrain;rains
【答案】D
【分析】D
例24.-Howlonghaveyou_______Kitty?
-Forfivedays.IreceiveditlastSunday.
A.heardfrom
B.receivedtheletterfrom
C.heardof
D.hadtheletterfrom
【答案】D
【分析】D
例25.WearegoingtohaveameetingthisafternoonI'llcallWendytomakesure_______.
A.whytostart
B.whentostart
C.whattostart
D.whichtostart
【答案】B
【分析】B
例26.Canyoutellme____gettotherailwaystation?
A.howcanI
B.whatIcan
C.howIcan
D.whereIcan
【答案】C
【分析】C
例27.Wedon’tknow______.
A.thisiswhosedictionary
B.whosedictionaryisthis
C.whosedictionarythisis
D.whoseisthisdictionary
【答案】C
【分析】C
例28.Doyouknow____yourparentsarepleased____you’vedone?
A.why;forwhat
B.how;withwhat
C.that;withwhich
D.how;forwhat
【答案】B
【分析】B
例29.Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Ican’tunderstand_____theyinsistongoingbymotorbike.
A.why
B.whether
C.when
D.how
【答案】A
【分析】A
例30.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_____wasawastelandtenyearsago.
A.what
B.which
C.that
D.where
【答案】A
【分析】A
例31.IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow_____I’vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.
A.which
B.why
C.what
D.how
【答案】C
【分析】C
例32.Wecannotfigureout______quiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.
A.that
B.as
C.why
D.when
【答案】C
【分析】C
例33.-Yourbookisveryinteresting.Couldyoutellme_____?
-InXinhuaBookstorenexttoourschool.
A.wheredidyoubuyit
B.whydidyoubuyit
C.whereyouboughtit
D.whyyouboughtit
【答案】C
【分析】C
例34.-I’dliketoknow_____.-Maybeintheforest.
A.whetherwewillgocamping
B.wherewewillgocamping
C.whetherwillwegocamping
D.wherewillwegocamping
【答案】B
【分析】B
例35.Idon’tknow_____.
A.whereshecomesfrom
B.howoldisshe
C.whenwassheborn
D.whenissheborn
【答案】A
【分析】A
例36.-Canyoutellme_____?
-Sure.HelivesonCenterStreet.
A.wheredoeshelive
B.wherehelives
C.whyhelivesthere
D.whatdoeshedo
【答案】B
【分析】B
例37.-Mr.Wang,canyoutellme_____?
-OK.Iwillhelpyou.
A.whatIcandotohelpyou
B.wherecanIgetmyscoreforthisexamination
C.whyIneedsomehelp
D.whereIcansearchfortheinformationabouteducationinourprovince
【答案】D
【分析】D
【课堂练习】
1.-Ms.Perry,canyoutellme_____?
-Africa.
A.whatthebabygiraffelikeseating
B.whythebabygiraffelooksunhappy
C.whenthebabygiraffewasborn
D.wherethebabygiraffecamefrom
【答案】D
【分析】D
2.-Excuseme,couldyoutellme_____?
-Infiveminutes.
A.howsoonwillthefilmbegin
B.howsoonthefilmwillbegin
C.howlongthefilmhasbeenon
D.howlonghasthefilmbeenon
【答案】B
【分析】B
3.-DidyouhaveagoodtimeinJining?
-Comeandhavealook.Myphotoswillshowyou_____.
A.howwasthetrip
B.whydidwegothere
C.howwewentthere
D.whatthetripwaslike
【答案】D
【分析】D
4.Thismorningmymotheraskedme_____.
A.whyheisnothere
B.whereJuliawentlastweekend
C.whattimeisit
D.howdidmybrotherdoit
【答案】B
【分析】B
5.-Couldyoupleasetellme_____?
-Abouttwentyminutesago.
A.whendidyouseethiskid
B.wheredidyouseethiskid
C.whenyousawthiskid
D.whereyousawthiskid
【答案】C
【分析】C
6.-Doyouknow_____?
-Sorry,Idon’tknow.
A.howoldishe
B.howoldheis
C.howolddoeshe
D.howoldhedoes
【答案】B
【分析】B
7.-WillTonygoskiingwithusthisSaturday?
-Sorry,Idon’tknowifhe_____.ButIknowhe_____interestinsports.
A.willgo;is
B.goes;is
C.goes;hasno
D.willgo;hasno
【答案】D
【分析】D
8.Couldyoutellme_____amomentago?
A.whatweretheytalkingabout
B.whatarethe