考研英语真题及解析.docx

考研英语真题及解析.docx

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考研英语真题及解析

2007年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语

（一）试题

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

By1830,theformerSpanishandPortuguesecolonieshadbecomeindependentnations.Theroughly20million 1 ofthesenationslooked 2 tothefuture.BorninthecrisisoftheoldregimeandIberiancolonialism,manyoftheleadersofindependence 3 theidealsofrepresentativegovernment,careers 4 totalent,freedomofcommerceandtrade,the 5 toprivateproperty,andabeliefintheindividualasthebasisofsociety. 6 therewasabeliefthatthenewnationsshouldbesovereignandindependentstates,largeenoughtobeeconomicallyviableandintegratedbya 7 setoflaws.

Ontheissueof 8 ofreligionandthepositionoftheChurch, 9 ,therewaslessagreement 10theleadership.RomanCatholicismhadbeenthestatereligionandtheonlyone11 bytheSpanishcrown. 12 mostleaderssoughttomaintainCatholicism 13 theofficialreligionofthenewstates,somesoughttoendthe 14 ofotherfaiths.ThedefenseoftheChurchbecamearallying15 fortheconservativeforces.

Theidealsoftheearlyleadersofindependencewereoftenegalitarian,valuingequalityofeverything.BolivarhadreceivedaidfromHaitiandhad16 inreturntoabolishslaveryintheareasheliberated.By1854slaveryhadbeenabolishedeverywhereexceptSpain’s 17 colonies.EarlypromisestoendIndiantributeandtaxesonpeopleofmixedorigincamemuch 18becausethenewnationsstillneededtherevenuesuchpolicies 19 .Egalitariansentimentswereoftentemperedbyfearsthatthemassofthepopulationwas 20 self-ruleanddemocracy.

1.[A]natives[B]inhabitants[C]peoples[D]individuals

2.[A]confusedly[B]cheerfully[C]worriedly[D]hopefully

3.[A]shared[B]forgot[C]attained[D]rejected

4.[A]related[B]close[C]open[D]devoted

5.[A]access[B]succession[C]right[D]return

6.[A]Presumably[B]Incidentally[C]Obviously[D]Generally

7.[A]unique[B]common[C]particular[D]typical

8.[A]freedom[B]origin[C]impact[D]reform

9.[A]therefore[B]however[C]indeed[D]moreover

10.[A]with[B]about[C]among[D]by

11.[A]allowed[B]preached[C]granted[D]funded

12.[A]Since[B]If[C]Unless[D]While

13.[A]as[B]for[C]under[D]against

14.[A]spread[B]interference[C]exclusion[D]influence

15.[A]support[B]cry[C]plea[D]wish

16.[A]urged[B]intended[C]expected[D]promised

17.[A]controlling[B]former[C]remaining[D]original

18.[A]slower[B]faster[C]easier[D]tougher

19.[A]created[B]produced[C]contributed[D]preferred

20.[A]puzzledby[B]hostileto[C]pessimisticabout[D]unpreparedfor

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C],or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

Ifyouweretoexaminethebirthcertificatesofeverysoccerplayerin2006’sWorldCuptournament,youwouldmostlikelyfindanoteworthyquirk:

elitesoccerplayersaremorelikelytohavebeenbornintheearliermonthsoftheyearthaninthelatemonths.IfyouthenexaminedtheEuropeannationalyouthteamsthatfeedtheWorldCupandprofessionalranks,youwouldfindthisstrangephenomenontobeevermorepronounced.

Whatmightaccountforthisstrangephenomenon?

Hereareafewguesses:

a）certainastrologicalsignsconfersuperiorsoccerskills;b）winter-bornbabiestendtohavehigheroxygencapacity,whichincreasessoccerstamina;c）soccer-madparentsaremorelikelytoconceivechildreninspringtime,attheannualpeakofsoccermania;d）noneoftheabove.

AndersEricsson,a58-year-oldpsychologyprofessoratFloridaStateUniversity,sayshebelievesstronglyin“noneoftheabove.”EricssongrewupinSweden,andstudiednuclearengineeringuntilherealizedhewouldhavemoreopportunitytoconducthisownresearchifheswitchedtopsychology.Hisfirstexperiment,nearly30yearsago,involvedmemory:

trainingapersontohearandthenrepeatarandomseriesofnumbers.“Withthefirstsubject,afterabout20hoursoftraining,hisdigitspanhadrisenfrom7to20,”Ericssonrecalls.“Hekeptimproving,andafterabout200hoursoftraininghehadrisentoover80numbers.”

Thissuccess,coupledwithlaterresearchshowingthatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,ledEricssontoconcludethattheactofmemorizingismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.Inotherwords,whateverinborndifferencestwopeoplemayexhibitintheirabilitiestomemorize,thosedifferencesareswampedbyhowwelleachperson“encodes”theinformation.Andthebestwaytolearnhowtoencodeinformationmeaningfully,Ericssondetermined,wasaprocessknownasdeliberatepractice.Deliberatepracticeentailsmore