初高中英语语法专题代词及答案.docx
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初高中英语语法专题代词及答案
英语语法专题(词法)
代词
(高考八大重点词性:
名词、代词、冠词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词)
代词在近几年的高考试题都有出现。
代词的指代范围、主谓一致的用法、易混不定代词的细微差别都是高考的必考点。
其中不定代词one,theone,ones,that,those,it的运用考得最多。
代词的概念:
代词是指代替名词以及起名词作用的词、短语或句子的词。
主要分人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词。
代词的分类:
分类
人称数量
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
主格
宾格
形容词性
名词性
第一人称单数
I
me
my
mine
myself
第二人称单数
you
you
your
yours
yourself
第三人称单数
he
him
his
his
himself
she
her
her
hers
herself
it
it
its
its
itself
第一人称复数
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二人称复数
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
第三人称复数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
一、人称代词
分清主格和宾格形式,主格主要用作主语,宾格主要宾语和表语。
Iboughtapresentforhim.
二、物主代词:
(1)名词性物主代词――在句中做主语、宾语、表语、补足语,构成双重所有格:
afriendofmine。
(2)形容词性物主代词――只能起定语作用。
通常:
形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词。
例如:
Thisisn’tmyshirt.Mineisoverthere.
(3)形容词性物主代词构成的短语:
loseone’sway
doone'sbest
earnone’sliving
keepone'sword
holdone’sbreath
saveone'slife
makeupone’smind
inone'sopinion
【练习】
1.Shall______________(we)gotothezoobybusorbybike?
2.Bobloves_____________(he)motherverymuch.
3.Whoboughtitfor____________(she)?
4.Jimisaverygoodboy.Wealllike____________(he).
5._____________(we)newmodelplanecanflyveryhigh.
6.Ihavealovelycat,and____________(it)nameisCarl.
7.Thisis_____________(he)bike.
8.Shedoesn’tlike_____________(she)newdressatall.
9.—Isthisredcoatyours?
—No,itisn’t._____________(me)isyellow.
10.Theclassroomis_____________(they).
三、反身代词:
反身代词通常作宾语、表语和同位语。
1、作宾语:
Weenjoyedourselvesverymuchlastnight.
Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish.
2、作表语:
be,系动词feel,look,seem之后
Iamnotmyselftoday.
Thepoorgirlinthepictureismyself
3、作同位语
Thethingitselfisnotimportant.
Imyselfcandoitwell.
4、反身代词习惯用语。
teachoneself自学
enjoyoneself玩得高兴
seatoneself请坐
dressoneself自己穿上衣服
helpyourselfto自便
talktooneself自言自语
calloneself自称
makeoneselfunderstood使自己让别人理解
【练习】
1.Lookafter_____________onyourholiday.
2.Fatherhurt_____________whenhefellofftheladder.
3.Thistableistooheavyformetoliftby_____________.
4.Ourguestsenjoyed_____________verymuch.Ienjoyed_____________,too.
5.Those girls enjoyed_____________in the party last night.
6.—WhotaughtyouEnglishlastyear?
—Nobodytaughtme.Itaught_____________.
7.Ilikewatching_____________inthemirror.
8.Luckily,hedidn’thurt_____________terriblyyesterday.
9.Thefilm_____________isveryfun.
10.Help_____________tosomefish,children.
四、相互代词:
有eachother和oneanother两组。
eachother用于两个人或是物之间,译为“互相,彼此”;
oneanother用于三个或是三个以上的人或物之间。
【练习】
1.Youtwoshouldhelpwiththeirstudy.
2.Inourclass,weshouldrespect.
3.Weoftenpointoutmistakes.
4.Thehusbandandwifesatdownatthetablefacing.
5.Weknowwhatthinks.
五、指示代词:
this,that,these,those,thesame(同样的),such(这样的),so(这样).
1.this(these)近指;this(these)一般指后面要讲到的事物(将要发生)
e.g.Thisisanovelandthatisamagazine.
IlikethesebooksbutIdon’tlikethose(books).
2.而that(those)远指,而that(those)常指刚提到或是已经完成的事情。
e.g.Hedidn'tcome.Thatiswhyhedidn'tknow.
That’sall,thankyou!
3.such指前面所述提到的这样的人或事物
so代替一个句子或者短语所表达的事情
thesame指刚刚提到的同一个人或事物
e.g.Ihaveneverseensuchafunnyfilm
AsfarasIknow,thereisnosuchcarinthisplace.
Itisgoingtobeaniceday.Ihopeso.
Iamthesameageasyou.
Happynewyear!
Thesametoyou.
4.one,ones,theone,theones,that,those,it
one
a/an+单数名词,指代前面提到的事物(泛指)
ones
复数名词,指代前面提到的事物(泛指)
theone
单数名词,特指前面提到的事物(特指)
theones
复数名词,特指前面提到的事物(特指)
that
单数名词/不可数名词,特指前面提到的事物(特指)
those
复数名词,指代前面提到的事物(特指)
it
单数名词,指代前面提到同一个事物(特指)
1.Mypenislost.Imustlookfor.
2.Mypenislost.Imustbuy.
3.Ipreferredrosestowhite.
4.Theboyinthisclassareclevererthatinthatclass.
5.ThepopulationofChinaisbiggerthanofIndia.(that=thepopulation)
6.Thecellphoneswemadenowadaysarebetterthanmade2yearsago.
【练习】
1.Ihavelostmyumbrella.I'mlookingfor____________.
2.Ihavelostmyumbrella.IthinkImustbuy____________.
3.Theumbrellayouboughtischeaperthan____________Ibought.
4.Thewaterinthecupishotterthan____________inthepot.
5.Therewereafewyoungpeopleandsomeolder______________inthehouse.
6.Mary'shandwritingisfarbetterthan______________ofPeter.
7.Ifound____________hardtogetonwithher.
8.Hehassavedmylife.I'llneverforget______________.
9.Don’ttakethenotebookaway.Mywifeisusing______________.
10.I’mmovingtothecountrybecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan______________inthecity.
11.—Whydon'twetakealittlebreak?
—Didn'twejusthave___________?
12.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_______willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.
13.Ican’tmendmyshoe______________.Canyoumend___