初高中英语语法专题代词及答案.docx

1、初高中英语语法专题代词及答案英语语法专题（词法）代 词（高考八大重点词性：名词、代词、冠词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词） 代词在近几年的高考试题都有出现。代词的指代范围、主谓一致的用法、易混不定代词的细微差别都是高考的必考点。其中不定代词one，the one，ones，that，those，it的运用考得最多。代词的概念：代词是指代替名词以及起名词作用的词、短语或句子的词。主要分人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词。代词的分类：分类人称数量人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第一人称单数Imemyminemyself第二人称单

2、数youyouyouryoursyourself第三人称单数hehim hishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself第一人称复数weusouroursourselves第二人称复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves一、 人称代词 分清主格和宾格形式,主格主要用作主语，宾格主要宾语和表语。 I bought a present for him.二、 物主代词：(1) 名词性物主代词在句中做主语、宾语、表语、补足语，构成双重所有格：a friend of mi

3、ne。(2) 形容词性物主代词只能起定语作用。通常：形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词。例如：This isnt my shirt. Mine is over there.(3) 形容词性物主代词构成的短语：lose ones waydo ones bestearn ones livingkeep ones word hold ones breathsave ones lifemake up ones mind in ones opinion【练习】1. Shall_（we）go to the zoo by bus or by bike?2. Bob loves_（he）mother ve

4、ry much. 3. Who bought it for_（she）? 4. Jim is a very good boy. We all like_（he）. 5. _（we）new model plane can fly very high. 6. I have a lovely cat, and_（it）name is Carl. 7. This is_（he）bike. 8. She doesnt like_（she）new dress at all. 9. Is this red coat yours? No, it isnt. _（me）is yellow.10. The cla

5、ssroom is _（they）.三、 反身代词: 反身代词通常作宾语、表语和同位语。1、 作宾语：We enjoyed ourselves very much last night.Please help yourself to some fish.2、 作表语：be ,系动词 feel, look, seem之后I am not myself today. The poor girl in the picture is myself3、 作同位语The thing itself is not important. I myself can do it well.4、 反身代词习惯用语。

6、teach oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴seat oneself 请坐dress oneself 自己穿上衣服help yourself to 自便talk to oneself 自言自语call oneself 自称make oneself understood 使自己让别人理解【练习】1. Look after _on your holiday.2. Father hurt_when he fell off the ladder.3. This table is too heavy for me to lift by_.4. Our guests enjoye

7、d_very much .I enjoyed_,too.5. Thosegirlsenjoyed_inthepartylastnight.6. Who taught you English last year? Nobody taught me . I taught _.7. I like watching_in the mirror.8. Luckily, he didnt hurt_terribly yesterday.9. The film_is very fun. 10. Help_to some fish, children.四、 相互代词：有each other和one anoth

8、er两组。each other用于两个人或是物之间，译为“互相，彼此”；one another用于三个或是三个以上的人或物之间。【练习】1. You two should help with their study.2. In our class, we should respect . 3. We often point out mistakes.4. The husband and wife sat down at the table facing .5. We know what thinks.五、 指示代词:this, that, these, those, the same（同样的）

9、, such（这样的）, so（这样）.1. this（these）近指；this（these）一般指后面要讲到的事物（将要发生）e.g. This is a novel and that is a magazine. I like these books but I dont like those（books）.2. 而that（those）远指，而that（those）常指刚提到或是已经完成的事情。e.g. He didnt come. That is why he didnt know. Thats all, thank you!3. such指前面所述提到的这样的人或事物so代替一个句

10、子或者短语所表达的事情the same 指刚刚提到的同一个人或事物e.g. I have never seen such a funny filmAs far as I know, there is no such car in this place.It is going to be a nice day. I hope so.I am the same age as you.Happy new year! The same to you.4. one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those, it onea/an+单数名词 ，指代前面提到的事物（泛指）o

11、nes复数名词，指代前面提到的事物（泛指）the one单数名词，特指前面提到的事物（特指）the ones复数名词，特指前面提到的事物（特指）that单数名词/不可数名词，特指前面提到的事物（特指）those复数名词，指代前面提到的事物（特指）it单数名词，指代前面提到同一个事物（特指）1. My pen is lost. I must look for .2. My pen is lost. I must buy .3. I prefer red roses to white .4. The boy in this class are cleverer that in that class

12、.5. The population of China is bigger than of India.（that=the population） 6. The cell phones we made nowadays are better than made 2 years ago. 【练习】1. I have lost my umbrella. Im looking for_.2. I have lost my umbrella. I think I must buy_.3. The umbrella you bought is cheaper than _I bought. 4. The

13、 water in the cup is hotter than_in the pot.5. There were a few young people and some older_ in the house.6. Marys handwriting is far better than_ of Peter.7. I found_hard to get on with her.8. He has saved my life. Ill never forget_. 9. Dont take the notebook away. My wife is using_. 10. Im moving to the country because the air there is much fresher than_in the city.11. Why dont we take a little break?Didnt we just have_?12. The Parkers bought a new house but_will need a lot of work before they can move in. 13. I cant mend my shoe _. Can you mend_