初三英语知识要点.docx

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初三英语知识要点.docx

初三英语知识要点

知识要点

1.问职业:

Whatbe+主语?

=Whatdoes/do+主语+do?

/What’sone’sjob?

eg.Heisateacher.(提问)

___________he_____?

2.It’snicetalkingtoyou.与你谈话真高兴。

3.表方式的短语

1)onfoot

2)by+交通名词单数(无冠词)

=in/ona(the;物主代词;名词所有格)

eg.1)bybike/plane/train/bus=onabike/plane/train/busbycar=inacar

2)Hegoestoworkbyabikeeveryday.(改错)_____________

must:

个人主观上认为“必须”(无时态变化)

4.haveto:

有外部条件强加的客观上的“不得不”(存在各种时态)

eg.1)I_________stoponthewaybecauseoftherain.

2)I______stopbecauseI’malittletired.

△5.提建议

Shallwe…?

答肯定:

Goodidea/OK/

Let’s…Allright

Whynot…?

语否定:

No,let’s…

肯定:

Certainly/Yes,please/

另外还可回答为Yes,Ithinkso/I’dloveto

否定:

No,Idon’tthinkso/

I’mafraidnot.

puton强调“穿”的动作:

穿上,戴上后接

△6..wear是puton之后的结果:

穿着“衣服”

=bein名词

dresssb/oneself/color:

给某人穿衣

eg.1)You’dbetter____moreclotheswhenyougoout.It’scoldoutside.

A.wearB.dressC.putonD.takeoff

2)Theboycan________himselfnow.

A.wearB.dressC.putonD.takeoff

3)Tomiswearingaredshirttoday.

A.isonB.isinC.isputtingon

△7.在具体的某楼前用on

eg.Helivesonthefifteenthfloor.

△8.Howdoyoulike…?

你觉得……怎么样?

=Whatdoyouthinkof…?

eg.Howdoyou_______thenewfilm?

=Whatdoyou_________thenewfilm?

你觉得这部新电影怎么样?

9.alittle=abit但注意:

1)alittle+名词=abitof+名词)

eg.Thereisalittle(abitof)waterintheglass2)notalittle=venotabit=notatall

10.quite:

quitea(an)+形+名

very:

avery+形+名

eg.Thisisaveryinterestingbook.

=Thisisquiteaninterestingbook.

11.inahurry:

匆忙地/hurryup

eg.1)Heisinahurryallday.

2)Shewenttoschoolinahurry.

另外:

hurryto…=goto…inahurry

12.marrysb=bemarriedtosb.与某人结婚

getmarried=bemarried已婚;结婚

(但getmarried是“短命”动词,要指“结婚多久”应用bemarried)

eg.1)Shemarriedwithadoctor(找错)______

2)Shehasgotmarriedfortenyears(找错)__________

13.leavesth+地点:

把某物忘在某地

forgetsth:

忘记某事

eg.1)He______thedriver’slicenseyesterday.

2)I____myumbrellainthetrainjustnow.

△14.感叹句

1)What(a,an)+形+名(+主+谓)!

(注:

但名词为不可数、复数时,则不用a/an)

2)How+形/副(+主+谓)!

eg.1)________badweather!

2)______hardtheyareworking!

3)______goodgirlsheis!

4)_____beautifulflowerstheyare!

“雨大,雪大”heavy---heavily/hard

△15.“风大”strong---strongly

“太阳大”bright---brightly

注意以上词的形、副区别

eg.1)Therewasa__________rainyesterday.2)Itblew________lastnight.

3)Thesunisshining___________.4)Look!

It’sraining__________.

5)Whata___________wind!

howlong:

多长时间(问时间段)

△16.howoften:

多久一次(问频率)

howsoon=when:

何时(in+短时间)

howfar距离多长

eg.1)--________doeshegohome?

--Onceaweek.

2)--________wereyouawayfromschoollastyear?

--Lessthanaweek.

3)--________willhecomeback?

--Intwodays.

taketheplaceof动词词组(谓语)

eg.1)Ididn’tgotothecinema._____Iwenttothelibraryyesterday.

2)Wewouldliketostayatschool_______goingtothecinematoday.

△18.so句型

so+be(助、情)+主语:

“也如此”

so+主语+be(助、情):

“的确如此”

eg.1)IwatchedTVlastnight,andsodidshe.昨晚我看了电视,她也看了。

2)IwatchTVeveryday,andsodoeshe.我每天看电视,他也如此。

3)Icanswim,soIcan.我会游泳,真的是这样。

注意:

表示“也不如此”用neither/nor

eg.Ididn’twatchTVlastnight,neitherdidshe

△19.指路与问路

问路

1)Excuseme.Couldyoutellme…

howIcangetto….

howtogetto…

thewayto…

2)Excuseme.Whichisthewayto…

指路

1)Godown/up/alongthisroadand…

go还可替换为walk2)Godown/up/alongtotheend.

3)Goonuntilyoureachtheend.4)Takethe…turningontheleft.

=Turnleftatthe…turning.

5)Goacrossthebridge

△20.

eg.1)He’ssick/illinhospital.

2)Anurse(A)musttake(B)good(C)careofill(D)men.(选错)_____________

△21.

eg.1)__________heisastudent.2)He___________astudent.

△22.

类似结构

△23.到达

但当后不接地点时,只能用arrive

eg.1)She____Shanghailastnight.

A.reachedtoB.gotC.arrivedinD.arrivedat

2)They____thereintimeatlast.

A.reachedtoB.arrivedC.gottoD.arrivedat

1)I’llringyouupassoonashe_____(到达).

eg.1)Sheis_____________girl.

2)Doyoufeel______whenyouare_____?

3)Theoldmanliveinahouse________.

eg.Ihave(A)many(B)worktodo(C)______

toomany+可数名词

eg.1)Hegaveus_________money.

2)Sheis___________young.

eg.1)Please____yourexercisebookheretomorrow.

2)Meimeioftenhelpstheoldman_____water.

eg.–-Ilookedformypen___________,butIcouldn’tfindit____________.

---Don’tworry.Soonerorlateryou’llfindit_________.

30.toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是……

类似结构:

toone’sjoy使某人高兴的是……

eg.Toourgreatsurprise,shecouldswimintheriver.使我们惊奇的是,他能在河里游泳。

31.agreewith:

同意某人(或某人所说的)

agreeto:

同意某事

eg.1)Heagree___myplan.

2)Iagree____whatyousaid.

32.beon…team:

参加……队;是……的队员

eg.Heisonthecitybasketballteam.

他是市篮球队队员。

△33.teachsb+科目(当sb是人称代词时应用宾格)

eg.HeteachesourEnglish(改错)__________

△34.the100-metrerace100米赛跑

100-metre作定语,修饰race,注意metre用单数。

类似结构:

①atwo-thousand-wordletter一封两千字的信

②an18-year-oldgirl一位18岁的女孩

另外有时还可用所有格形式来表达:

100-metrerace=100metres’race

two-monthholiday=twomonths’holiday

但当前面有a/an;物主代词;所有格时。

则只能用复合形容词来表示:

eg.WhatdidtheheadmastersayaboutJim’s______.

A.twomonthsholidayB.Twomonths’holiday

C.two-monthholidayD.twomoth’sholiday

35.problem与question

question:

指人们主观上产生而提出等待回答的问题。

常与ask,answer连用

problem:

指客观上存在等待解决的问题着重指“难题”。

常与solve,workout连用

1)Wemustfindoutagoodwaytosolvethe______.

2)Youcananswerthe_____inyourownwords.

borrow:

借进borrow…from从…借

△36.lend:

借出lendsbsth=lendsthtosb

把某物借给某人

keep:

保存;借(多久)(与时间段连用)

1)Jack____mehisbikelastweek.

2)Youcan_____thebookfromme,butyoucan____itforonlyoneweek.

△37.It’s+adj+of/forsbtodosth.

当形容词用于修饰人时,介词用of.常见的此类形容词有:

kind;good;clever;careful;polite;right;wrong.其余情况用It’s+adj.+for.sb.+todosth

1)It’sveryclever____youtodothat.

2)It’shard____metoworkouttheproblem.

38.more:

另外的;额外的(放在数量词之后)other+数量词剩余的。

another:

再一(另一…)(放在数量词之前)

1)MayIhavetwo_____apples?

2)MayIborrow_______onebook?

usedto+动原:

过去常常做…

△39.beusedto+动原:

被用于做…

be/getusedtosth:

习惯于某事

1)Heusedtobelateforschool.2)Theknifeisusedtocutthings.

3)Heisuesdtohardwork.

other:

放在被修饰词之前1)otherstudents别的学生

△40.else:

放在被修饰词之后,一般修饰不定代词和疑问词2)anybodyelse.其它任何人

whatelse.别的什么

△41.so+形/副

such+形+名

但注意:

1)so+形+a/an+单名=sucha/an+形+单名

2)so(many/much/few/little)+名

3)so…that;such…that如此…以致…

①Itwas____badweather.

②Thereare____manypoorinthecountry.

③____fewanimalseat____muchgrass.

④Thiscityis____old,you’dbettervisitit.

⑤It’s______importantparty____Ican’tmissit.

have/hasbeento:

曾经去过…

△42.have/hasgoneto:

已经去了…

have/hasbeenin:

已在…(多久)

注意:

1)后接地点副词here,there,home时应省介词

2)与时间段连用只用have/hasbeenin

①--Where’sTom?

--He______________Beijing.

②I______Beijingseveraltimes.

③She________Chengdufortwoyears.

④He__________theretwice.

△43.“短命”动词“长命”动词

buy—have;borrow—keep;die—bedead;leave—beaway(from);comeback—beback;fallasleep—beasleep;open—beopen;

catchacold—haveacold;go/getout—beout;

arrive(reach/getto/cometo)+地点—bein+地点;join—bein+集体(或be+成员);

turnon—beon;turnoff—beoff;

getaletterfrom—havealetterfrom.

end/finish—beover;getup—beup;

1)Hehas(A)bought(B)thefridge(C)for(D)twoyears._________

2)Howlong(A)may(B)Iborrow(C)the(D)book?

_________

3)Thefilm(A)hasbegun(B)forfiveminutes(C)._________

4)Tomhasgot(A)theletter(B)from(C)Jimfortwodays(D).__________

5)Ihave(A)caught(B)acoldsincetwoyearsago(C).____________

6)Hehas(A)cometo(B)Beijingfortenyears(C)___________

7)Mybrother(A)hasjoined(B)thearmy(C)for(D)fiveyears.___________

44.except:

除…以外(不包括除去的部分)

besides:

除了…,还有…(包括除去的部分)

nothing/nobodybut

1)WegotoschooleverydayexceptSunday.

该句意味着:

WegotoschoolfromMondaytoSaturday.

2)WeallwenttotheparkbesidesLiLei.

该句意味着:

Wewenttothepark,andLiLeiwent,too.

take:

Ittakesbsometimetodosth.

△45.

主语

pay(money)forsth是人

buysthfor+money

cost:

sthcostsb+money主语是物

1)I_____tenyuanonthebook.2)I_____tenyuanforthebook.

3)Thebook_____metenyuan.4)I_____thebookfortenyuan.

5)It_____meanhourtodothemathsproblem

sometime:

某时(与将来时连用)

△46sometimes:

有时(一般现在时)

sometime:

一些时候(表时间段)

sometimes:

几次

eg.1)He_______(go)toBeijingsometimenextweek.

2)I_______(be)toBeijingsometimes.

47.MustI…..?

No,Youneedn’t/don’thaveto.MayI…..?

No,Youmustn’t/can’t.

△48.计量:

表事物的“长、宽、高、深、远、厚”用“long;wide;high/tall;deep;away;thick.

1)MrGreenisnearlytwometres________

2)Theiceisaboutonemetre_________.

3)Ourclassroomisabouttwelvemetres______andeightmetres__________.

△49.population:

不可数名词指人口的多少用“large/big或small”;询问人口的多少用what.

1)What’sthepopulationofGermany?

德国的人口是多少?

2)Chinahasalargepopulation.中国人口众多

3)Thepopulation(A)of(B)Japanisless(C)thanthat(D)ofIndia.____________

另外注意:

表示“有…人口”用haveapopulationof.

NowChinahasapopulationofmorethanonebillion.现在中国有十亿多人口。

eg.makeroomfor:

为…腾出空间

51.seem的用法:

1)seem+adj=seemtobe+adjHeseemsveryangry=Heseemstobeangry.

2)seemtodoItseemstoraintomorrow.明天似乎要下雨。

3)Itseems+that从句Itseemsthatyouareright.你似乎是对的。

1)We____them5to3.

2)Intheendwe_____thematch.

interested;excited;surprised/pleased主语是人。

指某

△53.人对…感兴趣/感到兴奋/感到惊奇(只作表语)

interesting;excited;surprising/pleasant主语是物。

指某物有趣/令人兴奋/使人惊奇(可作定、表语)

1)It’san

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