上海新初三暑期衔接英语讲与练 15构词法及词组积累+语法精选代词用法+选词填空技巧.docx
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上海新初三暑期衔接英语讲与练15构词法及词组积累+语法精选代词用法+选词填空技巧
第十五讲词汇（构词法与词组积累）、语法精选（代词用法）、阅读（选词填空技巧）
词汇：
1.后缀为-tion,-sion,-th,-ment的名词
增加
1.addition
雄心；野心
2.ambition
注意；关心
3.attention
收集；收藏品
4.collection
比赛；竞赛
5.competition
祝贺
6.congratulation
会话；谈话
7.conversation
展览；展览会
8.exhibition
代；一代
9.generation
信息；情报；资料
10.information
发明，创造
11.invention
邀请；请帖
12.invitation
位置；场所
13.location
职业
14.occupation
手术
15.operation
组织，团体，机构
16.organization
污染
17.pollution
人口；人数
18.population
问题
19.question
部分；部门；栏目
20.section
形势，情况；场面
21.situation
解决方法；解答
22.solution
车站；电台
23.station
建议，提议
24.suggestion
传统
25.tradition
其它：
结论；结束，结局
1.conclusion
决定；决心
2.decision
讨论
3.discussion
印象
4.impression
电视
5.television
其它：
死亡
1.death
深度
2.depth
生长；发展
3.growth
长度
4.length
力量
5.strength
真理；真相，实际情况
6.truth
温暖
7.warmth
牙齿
8.tooth
牙齿（复数）
9.teeth
青少年时期；年轻人
10.youth
其它：
广告
1.advertisement
发展
2.development
同意；协议
3.agreement
分歧
4.disagreement
鼓励
5.encouragement
判断
6.judgment
活动；运动；移动
7.movement
陈述，声明
8.statement
待遇；治疗
9.treatment
其它：
根据句意选用以上单词的适当形式填空
1.His______istobecomeaworldchampion（冠军）.
2.Therearemanyfine______ofpaintingsinShanghaiMuseum.
3.Heisnowin______withsomeworld-classrunners.
4.ThismorningIhadaninteresting______withthecouplewholiveintheflatbelowus.
5.Shecametothe______thatshehadtoworkhardertoenterthefamousschool.
6.Inpoliticalmatters,______canbeverydifficulttomake.
7.Ishallneverforgetthe______heleftonme.
8.Thisisaroom8metersin______and6metersin______.
9.Youshouldtellthe______,it’sgoodforyourself.
10.______helpstosellgoods.
11.______maymakeyoupainfulifyou’vehurtyourback.
12.Itisa______thattheyounglookaftertheoldinourfamily.
13.What’sthe______toyourtrouble?
14.Shanghaihasalarger______thanWuhan.
15.Thatplaceisagood______forthenewchemicalfactory.
16.Thankyouforyour______thatIshouldgotobedearliereveryday.
17.Mikelivesinthebusiness______ofthecity.
18.Weshouldworkoutsomesolutionstoreducethewater______inourcity.
19.Ireceivedhis______butIdidn’tacceptit.
20.Let’smeetatExit2,ShanghaiRailway______.
2.含有in,into的词组
到达某地
1.arriveinaplace
对…感兴趣
2.beinterestedin
位于
3.belocatedin
办理登机;登记（入住等）
4.checkin
填充;填写
5.fillin
参加;从事于;酷爱
6.goinfor
上交
7.handin
（与…）保持联系
8.keepintouch（with）
参加
9.takepartin
匆忙
10.inahurry
一会儿
11.inaminute
另外
12.inaddition
总共
13.inall
主管,负责
14.inchargeof
在课上
15.inclass
处于危险中
16.indanger
用英语
17.inEnglish
事实上;实际上
18.infact
赞成
19.infavourof
在…前面
20.infrontof
住院
21.inhospital
在某人五十多岁时
22.inone’sfifties
根据某人的看法
23.inone’sopinion
为了
24.inorderto
换句话说
25.inotherwords
作为回报
26.inreturn
惊奇地
27.insurprise
最后;终于
28.intheend
在将来
29.inthefuture
在…中间
30.inthemiddleof
在过去,从前
31.inthepast
这样
32.inthisway
及时
33.intime
处于困境中
34.introuble
其它：
闯入;破门而入
1.breakinto
养成…的习惯
2.getintothehabitof
变成
3.turninto
其它：
根据句意选用词组以上词组的适当形式填空
1.Henryis______smoking,hismotherworriesaboutthatverymuch.
2.Ourteachertellsusnotto______too______playingcomputergames.
3.Weareaskedto______theblankswithnouns.
4.Ourchemistryteacherisamiddle-agedman______.
5.Yesterdaymyclassmatesawme______;theythoughtIhadgonetoJapan.
6.______,Shanghaiisbetterthananyothercityintheworld.
7.IhelpedmycousinwithherEnglishandsheboughtmeanice-cream______.
8.Let’stryourbesttohelpMary,sheisnow______.
9.ThismorningIwenttoschool______becauseIgotuplate.
10.Anewhospitalisto______inourtown.
语法精选：
代词
1.人称代词
（1）在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。
（2）They也可用来泛指某一些人
（3）she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等
（4）注意并列主语排序问题
1.HeistallerthanIam.
2.Heismoreintelligentthanher.
3.Theydon’tallowustosmokehere.这儿不让抽烟。
4.IthinkEnglandwilldowhatshepromisedtodo.我想英国会履行她的诺言。
5.You,sheandIwillbeinchargeofthecase.
6.Heandshestilldon’tagreetotheplan.
2.物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
3.反身代词
byoneself,foroneself,enjoyoneself,hurtoneself,teachoneself,etc.
4.相互代词
eachother与oneanother
1.Heputallthebooksbesideeachother/oneanother.
2.Usuallythesesmallgroupswereindependentofeachother.
5.指示代词
this与that
A:
Hello!
ThisisBob（speaking）.喂，我是鲍勃。
B:
Who'sthat,please?
请问是哪位？
（美语用Who'sit?
或Who'sthis?
）
6.疑问代词
（1）.who与what
（2）.which表示在一定范围内，而who、what则无此限制。
1.Whoishe?
—Heismybrother./HeisHenry.
2.Whatishe？
—Heisalawyer/teacher.
3.Whichgirldoyoulikebest?
你喜欢哪个姑娘？
4.Whatgirldoyoulikebest?
你喜欢什么样的姑娘？
7.不定代词
（1）some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。
（2）在期待对方回答yes时，some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。
（3）each和every
（4）other和another,theothers和others,theother
1.SmithwenttosomeplaceinEngland.
2.Mum,couldyougivemesomemoney?
（请求）
3.Wouldyoulikesomebananas?
（邀请）
4.Everystudentinourclasshasadictionary.
5.Eachstudentinourclasshasadictionary.
6.Hegottwobooks;oneistextbook,theotherisanovel.
7.Fiveofthepencilsarered,theothers（theotherpens）areyellow.
8.Somearesinging,othersaredancing.
9.Thiscoatistoodark.Pleaseshowmeanother.
10.I’llfinishtheworksoon,pleasegivemeanother2minutes.
8.little和alittle；few和afew
记忆法：
“有（a）就是有，没有（a）就是没有”
1.Hurryup,wehavelittletimeleft.
2.Don’tworry,westillhavealittletime.
3.Hehasonlyafewfriendshere.
9.one与it
一TwoEveningPapers，please!
—0nlyonecopyleft．Wouldyouliketohave____,sir?
A．oneB．itC．thisD．that
语法同步训练
1.Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning;somelikeswimming;______likeballgames.
A）theothersB）othersC）theotherD）other
2.Thesetwopianosareverygood.Youcanchooseofthem.
A.bothB.eachC.eitherD.any
3.MerryChristmas,George!
Hereisacardfor,withbestwishes.
A.you…ourB.us...yourC.you…yourD.us...our
4.Therearefourforeignteachersinourschool.OneisEnglish,_______areAmerican.
A.theotherthreeB.anotherthreeC.othersD.threeothers
5.WhenYangLiweicamebackfromspace,manyreportersinterviewed________andgotsomefirst-handinformation.
A）heB）himC）hisD）himself
6.---Whoisknockingatthedoor？
－It’s______.
A.meB.myselfC.ID.my
7.LiuXiangandYaoMingareworld-famoussportsstars.____ofthemhavesetagoodexampletous.
A）AllB）NeitherC）BothD）None
8.MrSmithisquitebusytoday.Hehas____meetingstoattend.
A.littleB.alittleC.fewD.afew
9.Pleasekeeptheparkcleanwhenyouenjoy_____there.
A.yourB.youC.yoursD.yourselves
10.Davidtalkedwithafriendof_______ontheInternetforalongtimeyesterday.
A）heB）hisC）himD）himself
11.______engineersandworkersarehelpingtorebuildthedamagedcity.
A）ManyB）MuchC）AlittleD）Alot
12.Iknockedonthedoorseveraltimesbut______answered,soIleft.
A）somebodyB）nobodyC）anybodyD）everybody
13.________ofthesetwohatslooksgoodonmydaughter.Doyouhaveanotherone?
A）BothB）AllC）NeitherD）None
14.Thevolunteerslove__________studentsinthatsmallvillageinthewestofChina.
A）theyB）themC）theirD）themselves
15._________aregoodfriends.
A.You,heandIB.I,heandyouC.He,IandyouD.I,youandhe
16.Theytwohelped_____andwonintheend.
A.bothB.eachotherC.oneanotherD.him
17.Theteachergavethetextbookstoallthestudentsexcept______whohadalreadytakenthem.
A.theonesB.onesC.someD.theothers
18.---Doyouhaveadictionary,Mary?
---Yes,Ihave______withme.
A.oneB.itC.thisD.that
19.—Whichonewouldyouliketotake,thisoneorthatone?
—Iwouldliketotake_________.
A.twoB.bothC.allD.twoofthem
20.—Is_______here,Lily?
—Yes.AllarehereexceptJohn.
A.allB.everybodyC.anyoneD.somebody
21.Howlongdoes_______taketoclimbtothetopofthemountain?
A.oneB.itC.thatD.someone
22.Grannyseemsill.Areyousureit's ___ ?
A.nothingseriousB.anythingseriousC.seriousnothingD.seriousanything
23.WestudyChinese,English,maths andsome ___subjects.
A.theotherB.oneC.otherD.another
24.Shestayedtherelongerthan ______.
A.elseanybodyB.anythingelseC.anybodyD.anybodyelse
阅读训练：
选词填空
应试技巧：
1.标出每个选项的词性
2.基本与首字母答题技巧相同（大三步小三步）
3.选过的有把握的选项划掉以缩小后续选择范围
A.availableB.allowC.explainD.damagedE.takeasecondplaceF.supportG.seriousH.destroyedI.successfulJgetintothehabitof
Parentswhosechildrenshowaspecialinterestinasportfeelverydifficulttomakeadecisionabouttheirchildren’scareers.Shouldthey______
（1）theirchildrentotraintobecometopsportsmenandwomen?
Formanychildrenitmeanstheyhavetostartschoolworkveryyoung,andgoingoutwithfriendsandotherinterestshaveto______
（2）.It’sverydifficultto______（3）toayoungchildwhyheorshehastotrainfivehoursaday,evenattheweekend,whenmostofhisorherfriendsareplaying.
Anotherproblemisofcoursemoney.Inmanycountriesmoneyfortrainingis______（4）fromgovernmentfortheverybestyoungsportsmenandwomen.Ifthishelpcannotbegiven,itmeansthatitistheparentswhohavetofindthetimeandthemoneyto______（5）theirchild’sdevelopmentandsportsclothes,transporttocompetitions,specialequipment,etc.
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