上海新初三暑期衔接英语讲与练 15构词法及词组积累+语法精选代词用法+选词填空技巧.docx
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上海新初三暑期衔接英语讲与练15构词法及词组积累+语法精选代词用法+选词填空技巧
第十五讲词汇(构词法与词组积累)、语法精选(代词用法)、阅读(选词填空技巧)
词汇:
1.后缀为-tion,-sion,-th,-ment的名词
增加
1.addition
雄心;野心
2.ambition
注意;关心
3.attention
收集;收藏品
4.collection
比赛;竞赛
5.competition
祝贺
6.congratulation
会话;谈话
7.conversation
展览;展览会
8.exhibition
代;一代
9.generation
信息;情报;资料
10.information
发明,创造
11.invention
邀请;请帖
12.invitation
位置;场所
13.location
职业
14.occupation
手术
15.operation
组织,团体,机构
16.organization
污染
17.pollution
人口;人数
18.population
问题
19.question
部分;部门;栏目
20.section
形势,情况;场面
21.situation
解决方法;解答
22.solution
车站;电台
23.station
建议,提议
24.suggestion
传统
25.tradition
其它:
结论;结束,结局
1.conclusion
决定;决心
2.decision
讨论
3.discussion
印象
4.impression
电视
5.television
其它:
死亡
1.death
深度
2.depth
生长;发展
3.growth
长度
4.length
力量
5.strength
真理;真相,实际情况
6.truth
温暖
7.warmth
牙齿
8.tooth
牙齿(复数)
9.teeth
青少年时期;年轻人
10.youth
其它:
广告
1.advertisement
发展
2.development
同意;协议
3.agreement
分歧
4.disagreement
鼓励
5.encouragement
判断
6.judgment
活动;运动;移动
7.movement
陈述,声明
8.statement
待遇;治疗
9.treatment
其它:
根据句意选用以上单词的适当形式填空
1.His______istobecomeaworldchampion(冠军).
2.Therearemanyfine______ofpaintingsinShanghaiMuseum.
3.Heisnowin______withsomeworld-classrunners.
4.ThismorningIhadaninteresting______withthecouplewholiveintheflatbelowus.
5.Shecametothe______thatshehadtoworkhardertoenterthefamousschool.
6.Inpoliticalmatters,______canbeverydifficulttomake.
7.Ishallneverforgetthe______heleftonme.
8.Thisisaroom8metersin______and6metersin______.
9.Youshouldtellthe______,it’sgoodforyourself.
10.______helpstosellgoods.
11.______maymakeyoupainfulifyou’vehurtyourback.
12.Itisa______thattheyounglookaftertheoldinourfamily.
13.What’sthe______toyourtrouble?
14.Shanghaihasalarger______thanWuhan.
15.Thatplaceisagood______forthenewchemicalfactory.
16.Thankyouforyour______thatIshouldgotobedearliereveryday.
17.Mikelivesinthebusiness______ofthecity.
18.Weshouldworkoutsomesolutionstoreducethewater______inourcity.
19.Ireceivedhis______butIdidn’tacceptit.
20.Let’smeetatExit2,ShanghaiRailway______.
2.含有in,into的词组
到达某地
1.arriveinaplace
对…感兴趣
2.beinterestedin
位于
3.belocatedin
办理登机;登记(入住等)
4.checkin
填充;填写
5.fillin
参加;从事于;酷爱
6.goinfor
上交
7.handin
(与…)保持联系
8.keepintouch(with)
参加
9.takepartin
匆忙
10.inahurry
一会儿
11.inaminute
另外
12.inaddition
总共
13.inall
主管,负责
14.inchargeof
在课上
15.inclass
处于危险中
16.indanger
用英语
17.inEnglish
事实上;实际上
18.infact
赞成
19.infavourof
在…前面
20.infrontof
住院
21.inhospital
在某人五十多岁时
22.inone’sfifties
根据某人的看法
23.inone’sopinion
为了
24.inorderto
换句话说
25.inotherwords
作为回报
26.inreturn
惊奇地
27.insurprise
最后;终于
28.intheend
在将来
29.inthefuture
在…中间
30.inthemiddleof
在过去,从前
31.inthepast
这样
32.inthisway
及时
33.intime
处于困境中
34.introuble
其它:
闯入;破门而入
1.breakinto
养成…的习惯
2.getintothehabitof
变成
3.turninto
其它:
根据句意选用词组以上词组的适当形式填空
1.Henryis______smoking,hismotherworriesaboutthatverymuch.
2.Ourteachertellsusnotto______too______playingcomputergames.
3.Weareaskedto______theblankswithnouns.
4.Ourchemistryteacherisamiddle-agedman______.
5.Yesterdaymyclassmatesawme______;theythoughtIhadgonetoJapan.
6.______,Shanghaiisbetterthananyothercityintheworld.
7.IhelpedmycousinwithherEnglishandsheboughtmeanice-cream______.
8.Let’stryourbesttohelpMary,sheisnow______.
9.ThismorningIwenttoschool______becauseIgotuplate.
10.Anewhospitalisto______inourtown.
语法精选:
代词
1.人称代词
(1)在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。
(2)They也可用来泛指某一些人
(3)she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等
(4)注意并列主语排序问题
1.HeistallerthanIam.
2.Heismoreintelligentthanher.
3.Theydon’tallowustosmokehere.这儿不让抽烟。
4.IthinkEnglandwilldowhatshepromisedtodo.我想英国会履行她的诺言。
5.You,sheandIwillbeinchargeofthecase.
6.Heandshestilldon’tagreetotheplan.
2.物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
3.反身代词
byoneself,foroneself,enjoyoneself,hurtoneself,teachoneself,etc.
4.相互代词
eachother与oneanother
1.Heputallthebooksbesideeachother/oneanother.
2.Usuallythesesmallgroupswereindependentofeachother.
5.指示代词
this与that
A:
Hello!
ThisisBob(speaking).喂,我是鲍勃。
B:
Who'sthat,please?
请问是哪位?
(美语用Who'sit?
或Who'sthis?
)
6.疑问代词
(1).who与what
(2).which表示在一定范围内,而who、what则无此限制。
1.Whoishe?
—Heismybrother./HeisHenry.
2.Whatishe?
—Heisalawyer/teacher.
3.Whichgirldoyoulikebest?
你喜欢哪个姑娘?
4.Whatgirldoyoulikebest?
你喜欢什么样的姑娘?
7.不定代词
(1)some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。
(2)在期待对方回答yes时,some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。
(3)each和every
(4)other和another,theothers和others,theother
1.SmithwenttosomeplaceinEngland.
2.Mum,couldyougivemesomemoney?
(请求)
3.Wouldyoulikesomebananas?
(邀请)
4.Everystudentinourclasshasadictionary.
5.Eachstudentinourclasshasadictionary.
6.Hegottwobooks;oneistextbook,theotherisanovel.
7.Fiveofthepencilsarered,theothers(theotherpens)areyellow.
8.Somearesinging,othersaredancing.
9.Thiscoatistoodark.Pleaseshowmeanother.
10.I’llfinishtheworksoon,pleasegivemeanother2minutes.
8.little和alittle;few和afew
记忆法:
“有(a)就是有,没有(a)就是没有”
1.Hurryup,wehavelittletimeleft.
2.Don’tworry,westillhavealittletime.
3.Hehasonlyafewfriendshere.
9.one与it
一TwoEveningPapers,please!
—0nlyonecopyleft.Wouldyouliketohave____,sir?
A.oneB.itC.thisD.that
语法同步训练
1.Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning;somelikeswimming;______likeballgames.
A)theothersB)othersC)theotherD)other
2.Thesetwopianosareverygood.Youcanchooseofthem.
A.bothB.eachC.eitherD.any
3.MerryChristmas,George!
Hereisacardfor,withbestwishes.
A.you…ourB.us...yourC.you…yourD.us...our
4.Therearefourforeignteachersinourschool.OneisEnglish,_______areAmerican.
A.theotherthreeB.anotherthreeC.othersD.threeothers
5.WhenYangLiweicamebackfromspace,manyreportersinterviewed________andgotsomefirst-handinformation.
A)heB)himC)hisD)himself
6.---Whoisknockingatthedoor?
-It’s______.
A.meB.myselfC.ID.my
7.LiuXiangandYaoMingareworld-famoussportsstars.____ofthemhavesetagoodexampletous.
A)AllB)NeitherC)BothD)None
8.MrSmithisquitebusytoday.Hehas____meetingstoattend.
A.littleB.alittleC.fewD.afew
9.Pleasekeeptheparkcleanwhenyouenjoy_____there.
A.yourB.youC.yoursD.yourselves
10.Davidtalkedwithafriendof_______ontheInternetforalongtimeyesterday.
A)heB)hisC)himD)himself
11.______engineersandworkersarehelpingtorebuildthedamagedcity.
A)ManyB)MuchC)AlittleD)Alot
12.Iknockedonthedoorseveraltimesbut______answered,soIleft.
A)somebodyB)nobodyC)anybodyD)everybody
13.________ofthesetwohatslooksgoodonmydaughter.Doyouhaveanotherone?
A)BothB)AllC)NeitherD)None
14.Thevolunteerslove__________studentsinthatsmallvillageinthewestofChina.
A)theyB)themC)theirD)themselves
15._________aregoodfriends.
A.You,heandIB.I,heandyouC.He,IandyouD.I,youandhe
16.Theytwohelped_____andwonintheend.
A.bothB.eachotherC.oneanotherD.him
17.Theteachergavethetextbookstoallthestudentsexcept______whohadalreadytakenthem.
A.theonesB.onesC.someD.theothers
18.---Doyouhaveadictionary,Mary?
---Yes,Ihave______withme.
A.oneB.itC.thisD.that
19.—Whichonewouldyouliketotake,thisoneorthatone?
—Iwouldliketotake_________.
A.twoB.bothC.allD.twoofthem
20.—Is_______here,Lily?
—Yes.AllarehereexceptJohn.
A.allB.everybodyC.anyoneD.somebody
21.Howlongdoes_______taketoclimbtothetopofthemountain?
A.oneB.itC.thatD.someone
22.Grannyseemsill.Areyousureit's ___ ?
A.nothingseriousB.anythingseriousC.seriousnothingD.seriousanything
23.WestudyChinese,English,maths andsome ___subjects.
A.theotherB.oneC.otherD.another
24.Shestayedtherelongerthan ______.
A.elseanybodyB.anythingelseC.anybodyD.anybodyelse
阅读训练:
选词填空
应试技巧:
1.标出每个选项的词性
2.基本与首字母答题技巧相同(大三步小三步)
3.选过的有把握的选项划掉以缩小后续选择范围
A.availableB.allowC.explainD.damagedE.takeasecondplaceF.supportG.seriousH.destroyedI.successfulJgetintothehabitof
Parentswhosechildrenshowaspecialinterestinasportfeelverydifficulttomakeadecisionabouttheirchildren’scareers.Shouldthey______
(1)theirchildrentotraintobecometopsportsmenandwomen?
Formanychildrenitmeanstheyhavetostartschoolworkveryyoung,andgoingoutwithfriendsandotherinterestshaveto______
(2).It’sverydifficultto______(3)toayoungchildwhyheorshehastotrainfivehoursaday,evenattheweekend,whenmostofhisorherfriendsareplaying.
Anotherproblemisofcoursemoney.Inmanycountriesmoneyfortrainingis______(4)fromgovernmentfortheverybestyoungsportsmenandwomen.Ifthishelpcannotbegiven,itmeansthatitistheparentswhohavetofindthetimeandthemoneyto______(5)theirchild’sdevelopmentandsportsclothes,transporttocompetitions,specialequipment,etc.