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QQPC

QQ-P-35C

October28,1988

SUPERSEDING

Fed.Spec.QQ-P-35B

April5,1973

FEDERALSPECIFICATION

PASSIVATIONTREATMENTSFORCORROSION-RESISTANTSTEEL

ThisspecificationwasapprovedbytheAssistantAdministratorOfficeofFederalSupplyandServices,GeneralServicesAdministration,fortheuseofallFederalAgencies.

1.SCOPEANDCLASSIFICATION

1.1Scope.Thisspecificationcoversthedifferenttypesofpassivationtreatmentsaswellasrecommendations,guidanceandprecautionsforcleaninganddescalingcorrosion-resistantparts,components,equipmentandsystems.

1.2Purpose.Thisspecificationcoversthemethodforcleaninganddescalingofstainlesssteelpartsandoutlinesthefinalcleaningstageorpassivationtreatmentsforuseonaustenitic,ferritic,martensiticandprecipitationhardeningcorrosionresistantsteels.Engineeringdrawingsandspecificationsshouldspecifyclassificationtype（passivationtreatment）whichshouldDeusedinaccordancewith1.2.1.

1.2.1Types.

II-Mediumtemperaturenitricacidsolutionwithsodiumdichromateadditive

VI-Lowtemperaturenitricacidsolution

VII-Mediumtemperaturenitricacidsolution

VIII-Mediumtemperaturehighconcentrationnitricacidsolution

2.APPLICABLESPECIFICATIONSANDSTANDARDS

2.1Governmentdocuments.

2.1.1Specifications,standardsandhandbooks.Thefollowingspecifications,standardsandhandbooksformapartofthisdocumenttotheextentspecifiedherein.Unlessotherwisespecified,theissuesofthesedocumentsarethoselistedintheissueoftheDepartmentofDefenseIndexofSpecificationsandStandards（DoDISS）andsupplementthereto,citedinthesolicitation.

AREAMFFP

DISTRIBUTIONSTATEMENTA.Approvedforpublicrelease;distributionunlimited.

FEDERALSPECIFICATIONS

O-N-350-NitricAcid,Technical

FEDERALSTANDARDS

FED-STD-313-MaterialSafetyDataSheets,PreparationandSubmissionof

O-S-595-SodiumDichromate,Dihydrate,Technical

（ActivitiesoutsidetheFederalGovernmentmayobtaincopiesofFederalSpecifications,Standards,andHandbooksasoutlinedunderGeneralInformationintheIndexofFederalSpecificationsandStandardsandatthepricesindicatedintheIndex.TheIndex,whichincludescumulativemonthlysupplementsasissued,isforsaleonasubscriptionbasisbytheSuperintendentofDocuments,U.S.GovernmentPrintingOffice,Washington,DC20402.

（SinglecopiesofthisspecificationandotherFederalSpecificationsrequiredbyactivitiesoutsidetheFederalGovernmentforbiddingpurposesareavailablewithoutchargefromBusinessServiceCentersattheGeneralServicesAdministrationRegionalOfficesinBoston,NewYork,Washington,DC,Atlanta,Chicago,KansasCity,MO,FortWorth,Denver,SanFrancisco,LosAngeles,andSeattle,WA.）

（FederalGovernmentactivitiesmayobtaincopiesofFederalSpecifications,Standards,andHandbooksandtheIndexofFederalSpecificationsandStandardsfromestablisheddistributionpointsintheiragencies.）

MILITARYSPECIFICATIONS

MIL-S-5002-SurfaceTreatmentsandInorganicCoatingsforMetalSurfacesofWeaponsSystems

MIL-C-13924-Coating,Oxide,BlackforFerrousMetals

MILITARYSTANDARDS

MIL-STD-105-SamplingProcedureandTablesforInspectionbyAttributes

MIL-STD-753-Corrosion-ResistantSteelParts:

Sampling,InspectionandTestingforSurfacePassivation.

（Copiesofspecifications,standards,handbooks,drawings,publications,andotherGovernmentdocumentsrequiredbycontractorsinconnectionwithspecificacquisitionfunctionsshouldbeobtainedfromthecontractingactivityorasdirectedbythecontractingactivity.）

2.2Non-Governmentpublications.Thefollowingdocumentsformapartofthisdocumenttotheextentspecifiedherein.Unlessotherwisespecified,theissuesofthedocumentswhichareDoDadoptedarethoselistedintheissueoftheDODISScitedinthesolicitation.Unlessotherwisespecified,theissuesofdocumentsnotlistedintheDODISSaretheissuesofthedocumentscitedinthesolicitation（see6.2）.

AMERICANSOCIETYFORTESTINGANDMATERIALS（ASTM）

ASTMA380-CleaningandDescalingStainlessSteelParts,Equipment,andSystems

ASTMB117-SaltSpray（Fog）Testing

ASTMB254-Preparationof,andElectroplatingonStainlessSteel

（ApplicationforcopiesshouldbeaddressedtotheAmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials（ASTM）,1916RaceStreet,Philadelphia,PA19103.）

3.REQUIREMENTS

3.1Materials.Thechemicalsandreagentsusedforpassivationofcorrosion-resistantsteelpartsshallproducepassivatedsurfaceswhichmeettherequirementsofthisspecification.

3.2Pretreatment.ThepretreatmentmethodsandproceduresusedpriortothepassivationtreatmentshallbeeitherinaccordancewithASTMA380orMIL-S-5002.Thesurfaceofthepartsshallbefreeofoil,grease,rust,scaleandotherforeignmatterandshallhavenodeleteriouseffectonmaterialproperties.Particularattentionshallbegiventothepretreatmentcleaningof400seriessteelstobecertainthatallsurfaceoxidation,includingrustandheattreatscale,iscompletelyremoved.Unlessotherwisespecified,cleananddescaleinaccordancewithASTMA380.Whenelectrochemicalcleaningisrequired,itshallbeperformedinaccordancewithASTM-B254.

3.3Passivationtreatment.Corrosion-resistantsteelpartsshallbepassivatedbyimmersingtheminoneofthefollowingaqueoussolutions（see6.2）andmaintainingthemwithinthetemperaturerangesandtimesdescribedbelowandinTableI.Thepartsshallbecompletelyimmersedinthesolutiontoavoidsevereetchingwhichwouldotherwiseoccurabovetheliquidline.

3.3.1TypeI.TypeIwithdrawn（see6.9）

3.3.2TypeII.TypeIIsolutionshallcontain20-25percentbyvolumeofnitricacidinaccordancewith0-N-350and2.5±0.5percentbyweightofsodiumdichromateinaccordancewith0-S-595.Partsshallbeprocessedfor20minutesatatemperaturerangebetween120-130°F（49°-54°C）.

3.3.2.1Forpartsmadeofhighcarbon/highchromiumgrades（440series）,straightchromiumgradeswith12-14%chromium（martensitic400series）,orforcorrosion-resistantsteelscontainingrelativelylargeamounts（0.15percent）ofsulfurorselenium（forexample303,3035e,347Se,416,416Se,430F,430FSeandprecipitationhardenablesteels）,typeIIsolutionshallbeused（see6.2and6.3）.

3.3.3TypeIII.TypeIIIwithdrawn（see6.9）.

3.3.4TypeIV.TypeIVwithdrawn（see6.9）.

3.3.5TypeV.TypeVwithdrawn（see6.9）.

3.3.6TypeVI.TypeVIsolutionshallcontain25-45percentbyvolumeofnitricacid（HN03）inaccordancewithO-N-350.Partsshallbeprocessedfor30minutesatatemperaturerangebetween70-90°F（21-32°C）.

3.3.6.1TypeVIsolutioncanbeusedtoprocessaustenitic200and300serieschromiumnickelandchromiumgradeswith17%chromiumorgreater（withexceptionofthe440series）corrosion-resistantsteels.

3.3.7TypeVIITypeVIIsolutionshallcontain20-25percentbyvolumeofnitricacid（HN03）inaccordancewithO-N-350.Partsshallbeprocessedfor20minutesatatemperaturerangebetween120-140°F（49-60°C）.

3.3.7.1TypeVIIsolutioncanbeusedtoprocesspartsmadeofthefollowingcorrosion-resistantsteels:

austenitic200and300serieschromium-nickel,chromiumgradeswith17%chromiumorgreater（except440series）（seesections6.2and6.3）.

3.3.8TypeVIII.TypeVIIIsolutionshallcontain45-55percentbyvolumeofnitricacidinaccordancewithO-N-350.Partsshallbeprocessedfor30minutesatatemperaturerangebetween120-130°F（49-54°C）.

3.3.8.1TypeVIIIsolutioncanbeusedforpartsmadefromhighcarbonandhighchromiumgrades（400series）andprecipitation-hardeningstainlesssteels.

TABLEI.Passivationtreatments.

Type

Temperature

Time,minimum

（minutes）

（1）

%（bywt.）

SodiumDichromate

%（byvol.）

NitricAcid

I

Withdrawn

II

120-130°F

（49-54°C）

20

2-2.5

20-25

III

Withdrawn

IV

Withdrawn

V

Withdrawn

VI

70-90°F

（21-32°C）

30

none

25-45

VII

120-150°F

（49-60°C）

20

none

20-25

VIII

120-130°F

（49-54°C）

30

none

45-55

（1）Caution:

Caremustbeexercisedasexcessivetimemaydamagethepart.

3.4Waterrinse.Immediatelyafterremovalfromthepassivatingsolutionthepartsshallbethoroughlyrinsed;finalrinseiscarriedoutincleanwater（see6.4）.

3.5Chromatetreatment.Whenspecifiedandwithinonehourafterthefinalwaterrinse（3.4）,allferriticandmartensiticsteelpartsshallbeimmersedinanaqueoussolutioncontaining4to6percentbyweightofsodiumdichromateinaccordancewithO-S-595,atatemperatureof140°to160°F（60-71°C）foraperiodof30minutes（see6.1.1）.Thisimmersionshallbefollowedbyarinseincleanwater（see6.4）.Thepartsshallthenbethoroughlydried.

3.6Finish.Thepassivatedpartsshallexhibitachemicallycleansurfaceandshallshownoetching,pittingorfrostingwhenexamined.Aslightdiscolorationwillbeallowed（see4.3and6.5）.

3.7Staining.

3.7.1Waterimmersionorhighhumiditytests

3.7.2Saltsprayorcoppersulfatetests.Thesaltsrpaytestorthecoppersulfatetestmaybespecifiedinadditiontoorinlieuofeitherthewaterimmersiontestorthehighhumiditytest.Whenthesaltspraytestisspecified,thepassivatedsurfaceshallbecapableofwithstandingsaltsprayexposurewithoutevidenceofrustorstaining（see4.4.2,6.11）.

3.7.2.1Coppersulfatetest

3.8Workmanship.Thepassivatedpartsshallbefreeofironcontaminationandotherforeignmaterialswhichcouldadverselyaffectthesuitability,useorlifeofthepassivatedpart（see4.3,6.13）.

3.9Solutionanalysis.Theprocessorshallmaintainarecordofthecontrolproceduresusedoneachoftheprocessingsolutionsusedinthesepassivationtreatments.Solutionsshallbeanalyzedto