QQPC.docx

1、QQPCQQ-P-35COctober 28, 1988SUPERSEDINGFed. Spec. QQ-P-35BApril 5, 1973FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONPASSIVATION TREATMENTS FOR CORROSION-RESISTANT STEELThis specification was approved by the Assistant Administrator Office of Federal Supply and Services, General Services Administration, for the use of all Fe

2、deral Agencies.1. SCOPE AND CLASSIFICATION1.1 Scope. This specification covers the different types of passivation treatments as well as recommendations, guidance and precautions for cleaning and descaling corrosion-resistant parts, components, equipment and systems.1.2 Purpose. This specification co

3、vers the method for cleaning and descaling of stainless steel parts and outlines the final cleaning stage or passivation treatments for use on austenitic, ferritic, martensitic and precipitation hardening corrosion resistant steels. Engineering drawings and specifications should specify classificati

4、on type (passivation treatment) which should De used in accordance with 1.2.1.1.2.1 Types. II - Medium temperature nitric acid solution with sodium dichromate additiveVI - Low temperature nitric acid solutionVII - Medium temperature nitric acid solutionVIII - Medium temperature high concentration ni

5、tric acid solution2. APPLICABLE SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS2.1 Government documents.2.1.1 Specifications, standards and handbooks. The following specifications, standards and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these docum

6、ents are those listed in the issue of the Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DoDISS) and supplement thereto, cited in the solicitation.AREA MFFPDISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONSO-N-350 - Nitric Acid, Technic

7、alFEDERAL STANDARDSFED-STD-313 - Material Safety Data Sheets, Preparation and Submission ofO-S-595 - Sodium Dichromate, Dihydrate, Technical(Activities outside the Federal Government may obtain copies of Federal Specifications, Standards, and Handbooks as outlined under General Information in the In

8、dex of Federal Specifications and Standards and at the prices indicated in the Index. The Index, which includes cumulative monthly supplements as issued, is for sale on a subscription basis by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.(Single copies of th

9、is specification and other Federal Specifications required by activities outside the Federal Government for bidding purposes are available without charge from Business Service Centers at the General Services Administration Regional Offices in Boston, New York, Washington, DC, Atlanta, Chicago, Kansa

10、s City, MO, Fort Worth, Denver, San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Seattle, WA.)(Federal Government activities may obtain copies of Federal Specifications, Standards, and Handbooks and the Index of Federal Specifications and Standards from established distribution points in their agencies.)MILITARY SPE

11、CIFICATIONSMIL-S-5002 - Surface Treatments and Inorganic Coatings for Metal Surfaces of Weapons SystemsMIL-C-13924 - Coating, Oxide, Black for Ferrous MetalsMILITARY STANDARDSMIL-STD-105 - Sampling Procedure and Tables for Inspection by AttributesMIL-STD-753 - Corrosion-Resistant Steel Parts: Sampli

12、ng, Inspection and Testing for Surface Passivation.(Copies of specifications, standards, handbooks, drawings, publications, and other Government documents required by contractors in connection with specific acquisition functions should be obtained from the contracting activity or as directed by the

13、contracting activity.)2.2 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of the documents which are DoD adopted are those listed in the issue of the DODISS cited in the solicitation. Unless othe

14、rwise specified, the issues of documents not listed in the DODISS are the issues of the documents cited in the solicitation (see 6.2).AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)ASTM A380 - Cleaning and Descaling Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and SystemsASTM B117 - Salt Spray (Fog) TestingA

15、STM B254 - Preparation of, and Electroplating on Stainless Steel(Application for copies should be addressed to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.)3. REQUIREMENTS3.1 Materials. The chemicals and reagents used for passivation of corrosion-r

16、esistant steel parts shall produce passivated surfaces which meet the requirements of this specification.3.2 Pretreatment. The pretreatment methods and procedures used prior to the passivation treatment shall be either in accordance with ASTM A380 or MIL-S-5002. The surface of the parts shall be fre

17、e of oil, grease, rust, scale and other foreign matter and shall have no deleterious effect on material properties. Particular attention shall be given to the pretreatment cleaning of 400 series steels to be certain that all surface oxidation, including rust and heat treat scale, is completely remov

18、ed. Unless otherwise specified, clean and descale in accordance with ASTM A380. When electrochemical cleaning is required, it shall be performed in accordance with ASTM-B254.3.3 Passivation treatment. Corrosion-resistant steel parts shall be passivated by immersing them in one of the following aqueo

19、us solutions (see 6.2) and maintaining them within the temperature ranges and times described below and in Table I. The parts shall be completely immersed in the solution to avoid severe etching which would otherwise occur above the liquid line.3.3.1 Type I. Type I withdrawn (see 6.9)3.3.2 Type II.

20、Type II solution shall contain 20-25 percent by volume of nitric acid in accordance with 0-N-350 and 2.5 0.5 percent by weight of sodium dichromate in accordance with 0-S-595. Parts shall be processed for 20 minutes at a temperature range between 120-130F (49-54C).3.3.2.1 For parts made of high carb

21、on/high chromium grades (440 series), straight chromium grades with 12-14% chromium (martensitic 400 series), or for corrosion-resistant steels containing relatively large amounts (0.15 percent) of sulfur or selenium (for example 303, 3035e, 347Se, 416, 416Se, 430F, 430FSe and precipitation hardenab

22、le steels), type II solution shall be used (see 6.2 and 6.3).3.3.3 Type III. Type III withdrawn (see 6.9).3.3.4 Type IV. Type IV withdrawn (see 6.9).3.3.5 Type V. Type V withdrawn (see 6.9).3.3.6 Type VI. Type VI solution shall contain 25-45 percent by volume of nitric acid (HN03) in accordance with

23、 O-N-350. Parts shall be processed for 30 minutes at a temperature range between 70-90F (21-32C).3.3.6.1 Type VI solution can be used to process austenitic 200 and 300 series chromium nickel and chromium grades with 17% chromium or greater (with exception of the 440 series) corrosion-resistant steel

24、s.3.3.7 Type VII Type VII solution shall contain 20-25 percent by volume of nitric acid (HN03) in accordance with O-N-350. Parts shall be processed for 20 minutes at a temperature range between 120-140F (49-60C).3.3.7.1 Type VII solution can be used to process parts made of the following corrosion-r

25、esistant steels: austenitic 200 and 300 series chromium-nickel, chromium grades with 17% chromium or greater (except 440 series) (see sections 6.2 and 6.3).3.3.8 Type VIII. Type VIII solution shall contain 45-55 percent by volume of nitric acid in accordance with O-N-350. Parts shall be processed fo

26、r 30 minutes at a temperature range between 120-130F (49-54C).3.3.8.1 Type VIII solution can be used for parts made from high carbon and high chromium grades (400 series) and precipitation-hardening stainless steels.TABLE I. Passivation treatments.TypeTemperatureTime, minimum(minutes) (1)% (by wt.)S

27、odium Dichromate% (by vol.)Nitric AcidIWithdrawnII120-130F(49-54C)202-2.520-25IIIWithdrawnIVWithdrawnVWithdrawnVI70-90F(21-32C)30none25-45VII120-150F(49-60C)20none20-25VIII120-130F(49-54C)30none45-55(1) Caution: Care must be exercised as excessive time may damage the part.3.4 Water rinse. Immediatel

28、y after removal from the passivating solution the parts shall be thoroughly rinsed; final rinse is carried out in clean water (see 6.4).3.5 Chromate treatment. When specified and within one hour after the final water rinse (3.4), all ferritic and martensitic steel parts shall be immersed in an aqueo

29、us solution containing 4 to 6 percent by weight of sodium dichromate in accordance with O-S-595, at a temperature of 140 to 160F (60 - 71C) for a period of 30 minutes (see 6.1.1). This immersion shall be followed by a rinse in clean water (see 6.4). The parts shall then be thoroughly dried.3.6 Finis

30、h. The passivated parts shall exhibit a chemically clean surface and shall show no etching, pitting or frosting when examined. A slight discoloration will be allowed (see 4.3 and 6.5).3.7 Staining.3.7.1 Water immersion or high humidity tests3.7.2 Salt spray or copper sulfate tests. The salt srpay te

31、st or the copper sulfate test may be specified in addition to or in lieu of either the water immersion test or the high humidity test. When the salt spray test is specified, the passivated surface shall be capable of withstanding salt spray exposure without evidence of rust or staining (see 4.4.2, 6

32、.11).3.7.2.1 Copper sulfate test3.8 Workmanship. The passivated parts shall be free of iron contamination and other foreign materials which could adversely affect the suitability, use or life of the passivated part (see 4.3, 6.13).3.9 Solution analysis. The processor shall maintain a record of the control procedures used on each of the processing solutions used in these passivation treatments. Solutions shall be analyzed to