托福考试写作词汇包.docx
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托福考试写作词汇包
写作高频词汇替换
1.认为:
think--hold—maintain—assume—argue—claim—deem—reckon
2.获得:
get--obtain—gain—achieve—acquire—haveaccessto
3.有:
have--own—possess
4.帮助:
help--assist—facilitate—giveahandto—actasacontributingfactorto
5.使用,利用:
use--utilize—exploit—takeadvantageof
6.给,提供:
give--provide—offer—afford—confer
7.想要:
want--desire—beeagerfor
8.好的:
good—positive—beneficial—effective—constructive—superior
9.坏的:
bad—negative—harmful—devastating—deteriorating—inferior
10.许多,大量:
many--avastnumberof—numerous—awealthof—ahostof—amultitudeof
11.各种各样的:
differentkindsof—avarietyof,awiderangeof—diverse—diversified
12.人们:
people—individuals—citizen—thepublic
13.发展,增长:
development—improvement—progress—progression—
advancement—growth—flourish—prosperity—boost
14.促进,推动:
develop—improve—promote—enhance—strengthen—upgrade—
boost
15.重要:
important—significant—essential—critical—crucial—vital—pivotal
16.重视:
focuson—emphasize—highlight—attachimportanceto–givepriorityto
17.忽视:
ignore—neglect—overlook—turnablindeyeto—failtotakeintoaccount
18.观点:
idea—opinion—view—standpoint—notion—concept—thought—
assumption
19.原因,因素:
reason—cause—factor—contributor—trigger
20.优点:
advantage—merit—benefit—virtue—upside—strength
21.缺点:
disadvantage—demerit—defect—drawback—downside—weakness
22.解决,处理:
sole—resolve—workout—fix—handle—dealwith—copewith–tackle
23.关于:
intermsof—whenitcomesto—asto—inregardto–relatingto—withrespectto—concerning—regarding—involving
24.采取,实施:
adopt—undertake—carryout—initiate—implement—launch
25.措施,方案:
measure—action—approach—policy—initiative
26.改变:
change—transform—alter—shift—switch—convert
27.探讨,分析:
explore—analyze—examine—explicit—illustrate
28.反驳,冲突:
contradict—conflictwith—challenge—deny—oppose—castdoubton—counter--refute
29.普遍一般:
common—universal—ubiquitous
30.足够:
enough—sufficient--plentiful—abundant—ample
31.坚持:
stick—adhere—cling
32.追求:
pursue—seek
33.确切,准确:
exact—accurate—precise
34.顶端:
top—peak—summit
35.竞争者:
competitor—rival—opponent
36.名声:
fame—reputation—prestige
37.建立:
build—establish—erect
38.基础的,根本的:
primary—fundamental—radical
39.缓解:
relieve—alleviate—ease--lighten
40.贫穷:
poor—needy—impoverished—poverty—stricken
41.富有:
rich—wealthy—affluent—well-off
42.流行:
popular—prevailing—prevalent—pervasive
43.鼓励,刺激:
encourage—motivate—stimulate—spur
44.保持:
keep—preserve—conserve--retain—remain—maintain
45.完成:
finish—complete—accomplish—fulfill
46.破坏,危害:
destroy—damage—impair—undermine—jeopardize
47.幸福:
happiness—cheerfulness—well-being
48.教育:
education—schooling—parenting—upbringing
49.年轻人:
youngpeople—youth—youngsters—adolescents
50.老年人:
oldpeople—theelderly—seniorcitizen—theaged
51.责任:
responsibility—obligation—liability
52.工作:
job—career—employment—profession
53.娱乐,消遣:
enjoyment—entertainment—pastimes—recreation
54.孩子:
children—kid--offspring—descendant
55.起作用:
playa…rolein—exerta…partin—performa…functionin
56.对。
。
。
有影响:
havea…effecton—exerta…influenceon…exercisea…impacton
57.充满:
befilledwith—beawashwith—beinundatewith—besaturatedwith—befloodedwith
58.努力:
strugglefor—strivefor—aspireafter—sparenoeffortsfor
59.从事:
takeup—setabout—goinfor—embarkon--beengagedin
60.在当代:
incontemporarysociety—inpresent-daysociety—inthisdayandage
写作脑暴分类词汇
微观-个人
成功
achievement/attainment成就
wintheprizeof…获奖
winthereputation赢得名声
publicrecognition公众认可
makeafortune发财
wealthy富有的
realizethedreamof…实现梦想
reachthegoal/target达到目标
朋友
havesomethingincommon有共同点
findeachothercongenial意气相投,性格相似
consultwith商量
alifelongfriend一生的朋友
mosttrusted最信任的
afriendinneed患难之交
socialnetwork/circle社交圈
工作
workethic职业道德
jobsatisfaction工作满足感
assessmentofperformance绩效考核
laboriousanddemandingwork辛苦的工作
professional专业的
findone’sniche找到合适的职业
long-termandshort-termgoal长期和短期目标
goal-oriented目标导向的
well-definedgoal明确的目标
collaboration协作
partnership合作关系
teamwork团队合作
promotion升职
careeradvancement职业发展
competent/competence胜任的(能力)
overwork过度劳累
beexposedtostress压力山大
grumble/complainabout抱怨
workplace职场/工作场所
specialist专家
生活方式
balancedlifestyle平衡的生活方式
getawayfromthedailygrind逃离日常苦工
indulgein沉迷于
sedentarylifestyle久坐不动的生活方式
ridofftheworries摆脱烦恼
dailychores日常杂务
addict有瘾的人
indoor/outdooractivity室内/室外
introverted内向的
extroverted外向的
socialadaptability社会适应能力
socializing社交
fancier爱好者,狂热者
pace/tempooflife生活节奏
知识和技能
impartknowledgeandskills传授知识和技能
careerpreparation职业准备
well-roundedindividuals多才多艺的人
highlymotivated积极性高
autonomouslearner自主学习者
hallmarkofagoodeducation好的教育的品质特征
vocationaleducation职业教育
up-to-date最新的
expandone’soutlook开阔视野
broadenone’svision开阔视野
computerliteracy有使用电脑的能力
literacy识字能力
multi-media多媒体
mutualunderstanding互相理解
spoil破坏,搞砸
pamper纵容,使…过量
nurture培育
inherit继承
钱
economical节省的
atightbudget预算紧缩
temptation诱惑
tempting诱惑的
thehavesandthehave-nots有的和没的
property财产
possessions财产
financialstrain/burden资金紧张
extravagant奢侈的,浪费的
articlesofluxury奢侈品
salary/wage/payment薪酬
livingexpenses生活费
wealthy/impoverished富有/贫穷
健康
physicalandmentalhealth身心健康
stress压力
depression抑郁
lightexercise轻松的锻炼
workout锻炼
aerobicexercises有氧运动
obesity肥胖
diabetes糖尿病
cardiovasculardisease心血管疾病
chronicdiseases慢性病
foodhygiene食物卫生
excessiveintakeof过量摄取
low-calorie低卡路里
家庭
asenseofattachment/belonging归属感
strengthenthefamilybond增强家庭关系
filialduties孝道
takecareoftheelderly照顾老人
familyreunion家庭聚会
sibling兄弟姐妹
single-parenthouseholds单亲家庭
parentalguidance父母的引导
makeaconcertedefforttodo共同努力
parentaloverindulgence父母溺爱
salvagethedysfunctionalfamilyrelationship挽救紊乱的家庭关系
宏观-社会
经济
taxrevenue税收
theexpenditureon支出
tomakeendsmeet收支相抵,量入为出
economicgrowth经济增长
easethefinancialburdenof缓解财政负担
globalization全球化
economicrecession经济衰退
financialcrisis金融危机
limitedbudget有限的预算
环境
contaminate污染
beundulyrelianton过渡依赖于
forestation造林
erosionofthesoil土壤侵蚀
human-relatedactivities人类活动
endangeredanimals濒危动物
reverseenvironmentaldeterioration逆转环境恶化
dearth/famine饥荒
eco-friendly生态友好的
renewableresources可再生资源
takemeasures/takeinitiatives采取措施
viable/feasible/practical可行的
lesseningofairpollution减轻空气污染
environmentaldegradation环境退化
conserve/preserve保护
教育
impartknowledgeandskills传授知识和技能
kindlecuriosity激起好奇心
helpstudentsexplorepossibilities帮助学生探索可能性
acquireemployableskills获得就业技能
openthedoorto给……以机会
senseofcooperation合作意识
senseofresponsibility责任感
peerpressure来自同龄人的压力
primaryschool/secondaryschool/highschool小学/中学
lifelongprocess一生的过程
involvementinclass课堂参与
test-driven测试驱动的
student-centered以学生为中心的
academicperformance学业表现
electivecourse选修课
requiredcourse必修课
hallmarkofagoodeducation好教育的品质
pedagogy教育学
criticalthinking批判性思维
竞争和就业
competitive有竞争力的
excelin在……方面胜过
industrious勤奋的
conscientious认真的,尽责的
stressful有压力的
high-payingjob高薪酬的工作
careerpath职业道路
workload工作量
psychologicalstrain心理压力
downsizing裁员
assessment评估
entrepreneur企业家
stability稳定
devoted/fervent/ardent投入的,热情的
interpersonalskills人际交往技能
careerprospects职业前途
媒体
breaknews突发新闻
publicfigure公众人物
celebrity明星
trustworthy值得信任的
taintone’sreputation玷污名声
exaggerate/overstate夸张
rumor谣言
icon偶像
intrudeonone’sprivacy侵犯隐私
besusceptibletonegativeinfluences容易受到负面影响
misleadingadvertisement误导的广告
民生
infrastructure基础设施
unemployment失业
healthcare医疗保健
divertmoneyto转钱到…
publictransportation公共交通
narrowthegapbetweentherichandthepoor贫富差距
optimizethedistributionofresources优化资源分配
welfare福利
wellbeing幸福,福利
insurance保险
pension退休金,抚恤金
政府投资
citizens公民
long-termproblem长期问题
pressingproblem紧急问题
governmentexpenditure政府支出
regulate规定
enforcethelaw实施法律
subsidize/fund/sponsor资助
investmoneyin投资
trimthenbudget削减预算
cutdowntheexpenses减少开支
客观
科技
cutting-edgetechnology尖端科技
state-of-the-arttechnology最先进的科技
over-relianceon过度依赖于
informationoverload信息超载
increaseexponentially指数级增长
labor-saving节省劳动力
mechanization机械化,自动化
theinformationage信息时代
socialnetworkingwebsite社交网路
atastaggeringrate以突飞猛进的速度
时间和效率
augment放大
accelerate/speedup加快
boostefficiency/productivity提高效率/生产力
thetempooflife生活节奏
slowdownthepace/processof减缓……的速度
time-consuming浪费时间的
productive有生产力的,多产的
逻辑连接词
因果:
thus/therefore;
asaconsequence/asaresult/consequently;
转折对比:
incontrast;bycontrast;onthecontrary;ontheotherhand
however,nevertheless,conversely,adversely,oppositely
让步:
admittedly,undeniably,undoubtedly
附加递进:
besides,furthermore,moreover,additionally,inaddition;what’smore
参考插入语
1.inotherwords换句话说
2.inasense在某种意义上
3.ingeneral一般说来
4.asamatteroffact事实上
5.strictlyspeaking严格地说
6.generallyspeaking一般地说
7.judgingfrom
8.tobesure无疑
9.tosumup概括地说
10.totellthetruth老实说
11.whatisimportant(serious)重要(严重)的是
12.inafewwords(或insum,inshort)简而言之
13.strangetosay说也奇怪
14.needlesstosay不用说
15.mostimportantofall最为重要的是
16.worsestill更糟糕的是
17.tomyknowledge据我所知
18.Onthecontrary相反的是
19.incontrast相比之下(对比)
20.incomparison相比之下(类比)
好用的固定句式
1.Therebe句型
…是不可否认的Thereisnodenying/doubtthat…
…没有万灵药thereisnopanaceafor…
…无可替代thereisnosubstitutefor…
2.Itis句型
…是人尽皆知的itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat…
…是很明显的itisevident/obvious/apparentthat
该是…的时候了itishightimethat(谓语动词用过去式)
可想而知itisconceivablethat
…很寻常itisnotusualforsb.todosth.
毫不夸张地说…itisnoexaggerationtosaythat…
毫不夸张地说…itishardtooverstatethat…
毫无争论余地的Itisdisputablethat…
毫不令人惊讶的itisnolongersurprisingthat…
褒义词(begoodfor的替换