高考英语真题分类 E第一部分阅读理解考点5 时事新闻类带答案.docx

高考英语真题分类 E第一部分阅读理解考点5 时事新闻类带答案.docx

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高考英语真题分类E第一部分阅读理解考点5时事新闻类带答案

第一部分阅读理解

考点5时事新闻类

一、（2018年全国卷Ⅲ）C

WhilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage．

Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful．WangShu，a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary28．HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward．

WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt（CAA）．HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus（校园）oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince．Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations．

ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities．Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes．Thecurves（曲线）ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhills,formingauniqueview．

Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages．Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowalls,roofsandcorridors．ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements（元素）．

Wang’sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions．Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize．

Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums．"Thatisonlyevidencethattraditionsonceexisted,"hesaid．

"ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions．Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast．Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated,"hesaid．

"Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions．Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare,"saidWang．

Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombinedwithpractice．Otherwise,therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid．

28．Wang’swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare___________．

A．followingthelatestworldtrend

B．gettinginternationalrecognition

C．workingharderthaneverbefore

D．relyingonforeignarchitects

29．WhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?

A．Itshillyenvironment．B．Itslargesize．

C．Itsuniquestyle．D．Itsdiversefunctions．

30．WhatmadeWang’sarchitecturaldesignasuccess?

A．Themixtureofdifferentshapes．

B．ThebalanceofEastandWest．

C．Theuseofpopulartechniques．

D．Theharmonyofoldandnew．

31．WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?

A．Spreadthemtotheworld．B．Preservethematmuseums．

C．Teachtheminuniversities．D．Recreatetheminpractice．

二、（2018年天津卷）A

FirePreventionInformation

TheUniversityofAdelaideemploysafull-timestaffoffirepreventionprofessionals．Theyinspectallcampusbuildingsandtestandmaintainallsprinkler（喷水灭火装置）systems，firealarms，andfireextinguishers（灭火器）．Theyalsoprovideeducationalprogramsorfiresafetyintheresidencehall．Wheneveryoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom．

FireAlarms

Thefloorsofallcampusbuildingsareequippedwithmanual（手动的）firealarmsystemswhichincludefirealarmpullstationsandpipes．Mostarealsoequippedwithautomaticfirealarmsystemsconsistingofheatdetectors,smokedetectorsandsprinklers．Foryoursafety,nevertamperwith（胡乱摆弄）thesesystems．Falsefirealarmsareillegalandmayleadtoimprisonment．

FireDrills

Afiredrillwillbeconductedinyourresidencehalleverysemester．Duringafiredrill,pleasedothefollowing：

·TakeyourroomkeyandID,closeandlockthedoortoyourroom．

·Exitimmediatelyfromthenearestemergencyexit；donotusealift．

·Meetoutsideofyourresidencehallandwaitforfurtherinstructions．

FireExtinguishers

Fireextinguishersarelocatedoneachfloorandineachapartment．Useafireextinguisheronlyifyouhavebeentrainedtodoso．Irresponsibleuseofafireextinguishercancreateadangeroussituationforotherresidentsandcouldresultindamagetopersonalproperty．

Misuseofafireextinguisherwillresultinfines．

SmokeDetectors

Asmokedetectorisontheceilinginyourroom．Somebuildingsalsohaveheatdetectorsontheceilings．Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyoursmokedetector：

·Ifyoursmokedetectorisworkingproperly,theredlightshouldbeon．Iftheredlightisnotblinking（闪动），contactresidencehallstaffimmediately．

·Donotcoverorblockyoursmokedetectorinanyway．

·Ifasmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthereisnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff．

36．Whatisthemaindutyofthefirepreventionprofessionals?

A．Toprovidepart-timejobsforstudents．

B．Toleadthestudentstothenearestexits．

C．Tocheckandmaintainfirepreventionequipment．

D．Totrainteacherstobefirepreventionprofessionals．

37．Whatdotheautomaticfirealarmsystemsinclude?

A．Pipesandsmokedetectors．

B．Smokedetectorsandsprinklers．

C．Firealarmpullstationsandpipes．

D．Sprinklersandfirealarmpullstations

38．Inafiredrill,thestudentsshould．

A．rushquicklytoalift

B．gatheratthenearestexit

C．shutthedoorandleaveatonce

D．waitforinstructionsinthehall

39．Whatdoweknowabouttheuseoffireextinguishers?

A．Usingthemwronglyresultsinpunishment．

B．Irresponsibleuseofthemcandamagethem．

C．Improperuseofthemcandestroytheapartment．

D．Usingthemwithoutatrainerpresentisforbidden．

40．Toensurethesafeoperationofthesmokedetector,oneshould_____．

A．contactthehallstaffregularly

B．coverthethingsthatburneasily

C．startthesmokedetectorinafire

D．makecertaintheredlightisworking

三、（2018年江苏卷）D

Childrenasyoungastenarebecomingdependentonsocialmediafortheirsenseofself-worth,amajorstudywarned．

Itfoundmanyyoungsters（少年）nowmeasuretheirstatusbyhowmuchpublicapprovaltheygetonline,oftenthrough＂likes＂．Somechangetheirbehaviourinreallifetoimprovetheirimageontheweb．

Thereportintoyoungstersagedfrom8to12wascarriedoutbyChildren’sCommissioner（专员）AnneLongfield．Shesaidsocialmediafirmswereexposingchildrentomajoremotionalrisks,withsomeyoungstersstartingsecondaryschoolill-equippedtocopewiththetremendouspressuretheyfacedonline．

Somesocialappswerepopularamongthechildreneventhoughtheysupposedlyrequireuserstobeatleast13．Theyoungstersadmittedplanningtripsaroundpotentialphoto-opportunitiesandthenmessagingfriends—andfriendsoffriends—todemand＂likes＂fortheironlineposts．

Thereportfoundthatyoungstersfelttheirfriendshipscouldbeatriskiftheydidnotrespondtosocialmediapostsquickly,andaroundtheclock．

Childrenaged8to10were＂startingtofeelhappy＂whenotherslikedtheirposts．However,thoseinthe10to12agegroupwere＂concernedwithhowmanypeopleliketheirposts＂,suggestinga＂need＂forsocialrecognitionthatgetsstrongertheoldertheybecome．

MissLongfieldwarnedthatagenerationofchildrenriskedgrowingup＂worriedabouttheirappearanceandimageasaresultoftheunrealisticlifestylestheyfollowonplatforms,andincreasinglyanxiousaboutswitchingoffduetotheconstantdemandsofsocialmedia＂．

Shesaid：

＂Childrenareusingsocialmediawithfamilyandfriendsandtoplaygameswhentheyareinprimaryschool．Butwhatstartsasfunusageofappsturnsintotremendouspressureinrealsocialmediainteractionatsecondaryschool．＂

Astheirworldexpanded,shesaid,childrencomparedthemselvestoothersonlineinawaythatwas＂hugelydamagingintermsoftheirself-identity,intermsoftheirconfidence,butalsointermsoftheirabilitytodevelopthemselves＂．

MissLongfieldadded:

＂Thenthereisthispushtoconnect—ifyougooffline,willyoumisssomething,willyoumissout,willyoushowthatyoudon’tcareaboutthosepeopleyouarefollowing,allofthosecometogetherinahugewayatonce．＂

＂Forchildrenitisvery,verydifficulttocopewithemotionally．＂TheChildren’sCommissionerforEngland’sstudy—LifeinLikes—foundthatchildrenasyoungas8wereusingsocialmediaplatformslargelyforplay．

However,theresearch—involvingeightgroupsof32childrenaged8to12—suggestedthatastheyheadedtowardtheirteens,theybecameincreasinglyanxiousonline．

Bythetimetheystartedsecondaryschool—atage11—childrenwerealreadyfarmoreawareoftheirimageonlineandfeltunderhugepressuretoensuretheirpostswerepopular,thereportfound．

However,theystilldidnotknowhowtocopewithmean-spiritedjokes,orthesenseofincompetencetheymightfeeliftheycomparedthemselvestocelebrities（名人）ormorebrilliantfriendsonline．Thereportsaidtheyalsofacedpressuretorespondtomessagesatallhoursoftheday—especiallyatsecondaryschoolwhenmoreyoungstershavemobilephones．

TheChildren’sCommissionersaidschoolsandparentsmustnowdomoretopreparechildrenfortheemotionalminefield（雷区）theyfacedonline．Andshesaidsocialmediacompaniesmustalso＂takemoreresponsibility＂．Theyshouldeithermonitortheirwebsitesbettersothatchildrendonotsignuptooearly,ortheyshouldadjusttheirwebsitestotheneedsofyoungerusers．

JavedKhan,ofchildren’scharityBarnardo’s,said:

＂It’svitalthatnewcompulsoryage-appropriaterelationshipandsexeducationlessonsinEnglandshouldhelpequipchildr