William-Faulkner-(1897-1962)福克纳.ppt

William-Faulkner-(1897-1962)福克纳.ppt

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WilliamFaulknerWilliamFaulknerWilliamFaulkner（1897-1962）wasanAmericanwriterofnovels,shortstories,poetryandoccasionalscreenplays.wFaulknerisconsideredoneofthemostimportantwritersoftheSouthernLiteratureoftheUnitedStates.Heisprimarilyknownandacclaimedforhisnovelsandshortstories,manyofwhicharesetinthefictionalYoknapatawphaCounty,asettingFaulknercreatedbasedonLafayetteCounty,wherehespentmostofhischildhood.SouthernLiteraturewTheSouth:

theDeepSouth:

SouthCarolina,Georgia,Florida,Alabama,Tennessee,Mississippi,LouisianatheextendedSouth,includingalsotheborderstatessuchasKentucky,Maryland,NorthCarolina,Virginia,WestVirginia,ArkansasandTexasAmericanSouthernLiterature一般是指美国南北战争后出现在南方的一种严肃而带有悲剧性的文学,它也被称为南方文艺复兴（SouthernRenaissance）AmericansouthernliteraturecandatebacktoEdgarAllenPoe,andreachitssummitwiththeappearanceofthetwo“giants”FaulknerandWolfe.TherearesouthernwomenwritersKatherineAnnePorter,EudoraWelty,andFlanneryOConnor.CharacteristicswthearistocraticlifestyleonthePlantation;indefenseoforcriticizingtheslavery;thesuperiorityoftheWhite;anostalgicfeelingtotheprosperouspast.w南方作家重视家庭、宗教和传统道德观念,对南方的过去和现在有着深刻思考,重农轻工,对工业文明有强烈疏远和排斥.SouthernRenaissancewInthe20thcentury,southernliterature,becamenotonlydistinguishedbutverydiverse,yetithasoftenlaidstressonregionalism.wBy1920s,aliterarymovementknownastheSouthernRenaissanceemerged.Therewasadominationofsouthernlit.foratleast4decadesinAmericanLiterature.SouthernrenaissancewRepresentatives:

EllenGlasgow艾伦格拉司戈,KateChopin凯特肖邦:

precursorstothemovementWilliamFaulkner威廉福克纳KatherineAnnePorter凯瑟琳安波特,EudoraWelt尤多拉韦尔蒂,CarsonMcCullers艾伦格拉司戈TennesseeWilliams威廉斯泰伦,FlanneryOConner弗兰纳丽奥康纳,ThomasWolfe托马斯沃尔夫.wYoknapatawphaCountyisafictionalcountycreatedbyWilliamFaulkner,baseduponandinspiredbyLafayetteCounty,MississippianditscountyseatofOxford,Mississippi.FaulknerwouldoftenrefertoYoknapatawphaCountyasmyapocryphalcounty.wTheYoknapatawphasaga（“约克纳帕托法世系”小说）theriseandfallofsouthernaristocraticfamilies:

TheCompsonsinThesoundsandthefury.LifeandCareerwNewAlbany,Mississippi（1897）（withaprominentgreat-grandfather,ColonelWilliamFaklner）wOxford,LafayetteCounty（1902）wRoyalFlyingCorpsinCanada（1918）wThehelpofPhilipStoneandSherwoodAndersonLifeandCareerw1925,firstnovelpublished,SoldiersPay军饷w1929,twonovels:

Sartoris,TheSoundandtheFuryw1929-1942,mostproductive:

2short-storycollections,avolumeofpoetry,11novelswEarly1940s,forgottenbythepublicw1945,asecondrisetofame,higherthanthefirstw1950,NobelPrizeforLit.MajorWorksw19novelsand4volumesofshortstories（75）,twovolumesofpoetry.wWilliamFaulknersworksareregardedasthesummitofSouthernliterature.wTheSoundandTheFuryTheSoundandTheFury（1929）喧嚣与骚动Describesthedecayanddownfallofanoldsouthernaristocraticfamily,symbolizingtheoldsocialorder.wAsILayDying（1930）我弥留之际wSanctuary（1931）圣殿wLightinAugust（1932）八月之光wAbsalom,AbsalomAbsalom,Absalom（1936）押沙龙！

押沙龙！

Setinearly19th-cent.Jefferson,showsthetragicdownfallofthedynasticdesiresoftheplanterColonelSutpenwGoDown,MosesGoDown,Moses（1942）去吧，摩西ShortstorieswHisfirstshortstorycollection,These13（1931）,includesmanyofhismostacclaimed（andmostfrequentlystories,includingARoseforEmily,RedLeaves,ThatEveningSun,andDrySeptember.PoetrywFaulknerwrotetwovolumesofpoetrywhichwerepublishedinsmallprintings,TheMarbleFaun大理石牧神（1924）andAGreenBough绿枝（1933）“Lifesbutawalkingshadow,apoorplayer,/Thatstrutsandfretshishouruponthestage,/Andthenisheardnomore;itisatale/Toldbyanidiot,fullofsoundandfury,/Signifyingnothing”.（Macbeth）Majorthemes:

Hereis“atale/Toldbyanidiot,fullofsoundandfury,/Signifyingnothing.”人生如痴人说梦，充满着喧哗与骚动，却没有任何意义1.Thespiritualdeteriorationwhichcharacterizesmodernlifestemsfromthelossofloveandwantofemotionalresponse.2.Thestoryalsotellsastoryofdeteriorationfromthepasttothepresentandtheauthoridealizesthepast.StyleandTechniquesA.streamofconsciousness&interiormonologueB.Multiplenarrators:

multiplepointsofviewC.DisruptionoftimesequenceD.Open-endednessAwards1.OneofthreefinalistsforthefirstElleryQueenMysteryMagazineAward（1946）.昆恩推理杂志2.NobelPrizeWinner（1949）3.Pulitzer普利策奖Winnertwice:

wAFable（1955）wTheReivers（1963）4.NationalBookAwardstwice:

wCollectedStories（1951）wAFable（1955）Thankyou!