英文科技论文写作常用句子整理.docx

英文科技论文写作常用句子整理.docx

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英文科技论文写作常用句子整理

英文论文写作常用句子:

1、Introduction（Motivation/purpose/goal/aim/objective/importance（presenttense

1assesstheaccuracyofsteady-statescale-upforsmall-scalesedimentarystructures.

2

ofPGEsolubility.

2、Scope/perspective（past/presenttense

1

aconstructedopenwaterwetland,aslowsandfilter,andaportableultravioletdisinfectionunit.2

duringsoil-aquifertreatmentatdifferentfieldsitesinArizonaandCalifornia.

3、method/procedure/approach（pasttense

1alab-scaleaerobicbiofilter-biotricklingtowersystempackedwithparticulateplasticmedia（1.5cm,hexagoninshapewasusedtotreatthesaltyartificialwastewaterpollutedbymineraloil（dieselfuelmixedwithchemicaldispersant（CPCOD-10andinorganicnutrients.

2Itinvolvedrecyclingasmallportionoftheprimarysludgeandthenactivatingittoenhanceitsbiosorptiveandflocculentpropertiesthrough30-minaeration.TheaeratedsludgewasthenbroughtintocontactwithrawsewagetoinducerapidbiosorptionofsolubleCODandflocculationofcolloidalorganicbeforethemixturewassettledinaregularprimaryclarifier.

4、Results/findings/products（pasttense

e.g.Threegranitoidmagmaticeventswereidentifiedat815Ma,700-730Ma,and620-625Ma,whichweremarkedbyemplacementofthecalc-alkalineUjjukkagraniteandgranodiorite,theanatecticSuqii-Waggatwo-micagraniteandtheGuttinK-feldsparmegacrysticgranite,andtheanorogenicGanjiimonzogranite,respectively.

5、Discussion/Conclusions（present/pasttense

e.g.Theresultsshowedthatundertractionfreeconditionssubsidencewasathree-dimensionalproblemandone-dimensionalsubsidencemodelstendedtofocusexcessiveamountsofverticaldeformationnearthepumpedwell.Themagnitudeofverticaldeformationinone-dimensionalsubsidencemodelswasexacerbatedasthegridsizebecamesmallerinthevicinityofthepumpingwell.Thiswasduetoincreasedcalculateddrawdowninthevicinityofthewellformorefinely-spacedgrids.

6、Implications/applications（presenttense

e.g.Ourexperimentalresultsaredirectlyapplicabletoporphyrycoppersystemsbecauseinsuchsystemstemperature,PH,salinityandoxygenfugacityaresimilartotheexperimentalparameters.Applicationofourexperimentalresultsindicatethatatypicalporphyrysystemscantransportatleast40tonsofPdifsourcesofplatinumgroupelements（PGEareavailableandthesolubility-controllingphaseismetallicPd.

7、limitationsandsuggestionsforfurtherstudies（past/presenttenseforlimitations,present/futuretenseforsuggestions

1Thisstudysuggeststhatinordertoachievethehighesttreatmentlevelofsecondaryunchlorinatedwastewater,acombinationofaquaticpondsandsubsurfaceflowwetlandsmaybenecessary.

2Ingeneral,sourcewaterquality,drinkingwaterandwastewatertreatmentshouldbeviewedasonesysteminindirectpotablere-useprojects.

3However,becauseconstructedwetlands,besidesthewaterqualityimprovementfunction,performamultitudeofotherfunctionssuchasbiodiversity,habitat,climatic,hydrologicalandpublicusefunctions,methodologiesneedtobedevelopedtoevaluatethesefunctionsandtoweightheminrelationtothewaterqu

alityissue.

1、ThefirstsentenceintheAbstract:

◆Thepurposeofthisresearchis…◆Theprimarygoalofthisresearchis…

◆Theintentionofthispaperistosurvey…

◆Theoverallobjectiveofthisstudyis…

◆Thechiefaimofthepresentworkistoinvestigate…

◆Thepurposeofthispaperistoexplainwhy…

◆Theprimaryobjectofthisfundamentalresearchistoreveal…

◆Themainobjectiveofourinvestigationhasbeentoobtain…

◆Theexperimentmadehereisaimedat…

◆Theemphasisofthisstudyliesin…

◆Theproblemwehaveoutlinedheredealslargelywiththestudyof…

◆Thisstudyexamined….（pasttense2、Thenextsentences:

◆Themethodusedinthestudywas…

◆Thetechniqueappliedisreferredtoas…

◆Theprocedurewasasfollows…

◆Theapproachadoptedextensivelyiscalled…

◆

Theexperimentconsistedofthreesteps:

◆Includedintheexperimentwere…

◆Thetestequipmentwhichwasusedconsistedof…

◆Severalsetsofexperimentswerecarriedouttotestthevalidityof…

◆

Thisformulaisverifiedby…

3、Theendingpartofanabstract:

◆Theresultsoftheexperimentindicatedthat…

◆Thestudiesshowedthat…

◆Thestudieswecarriedoutdemonstratedthat…◆Theresearchsuggestedthat…

◆Theinvestigationcarriedoutby…revealedthat…

◆Allthepreliminaryresultsthrewlighton…◆Asaresultofourexperiments,weconcludedthat…

◆Fromtheexperiments,werealizedthat…

◆Thisfruitfulworkprovidedexplanationto…◆Theresearchworkbroughtaboutadiscoveryof…

◆Thesefindingsoftheresearchledtheauthortotheconclusionthat…4、Thelastsentences:

◆…shouldbefurtherstudiedinrelationto...◆…shoulddo…

◆Furtherresearchinto…isnecessary.◆Furtherstudyshouldbemadeinrelationto…

◆

Furtherinvestigationinto…isneeded.

Step1:

thenatureandscopeoftheprobleminvestigated.interestorimportance,manyotherinvestigatorsactiveinthearea.

◆Recently,therehasbeenaspateofinterestinhowto…

◆Inrecentyears,appliedresearchershavebecomeincreasinglyinterestedin…

◆Recently,therehasbeenwideinterestin…

◆Thewell-known…phenomena…havebeenfavoritetopicsforanalysisbothin…

◆Knowledgeof…hasagreatimportancefor…◆Thestudyof…hasbecomeanimportantaspectof…◆Theeffectof…has

beenstudiedextensivelyinrecentyears.

◆Manyinvestigatorshaverecentlyturnedto…

◆Therelationshipbetween…hasbeenstudiedbymanyauthors.◆

Acentralissuein…isthevalidityof…

Step2:

makingatopicgeneralization.Statementsaboutknowledgeorpractice:

◆Thepathologyof…iswellknown.

◆Thereisnowmuchevidencetosupportthehypothesisthat…

◆The…propertiesof…arestillnotcompletelyunderstood.◆Astandardprocedureforassessinghasbeen…

◆Educationcorecoursesareoftencriticizedfor…Phenomena:

◆…isacommonfindinginpatientswith…

◆Anelaboratesystemof…isfoundinthe…

◆Englishisrichinrelatedwordsexhibiting“stressshifts”.

◆

Therearemanysituationswhereexaminationscriptsaremarkedandthenre-markedbyanotherexaminer.

Step3:

Discusstherelevantprimaryresearchliterature（withcitationsandsummarizingourcurrentunderstandingoftheproblemyouareinvestigating.Examplesofintegralcitationforms（直接引用方式

:

◆Halliday（2008showedthatthemoonis…..

◆Halliday’stheory（2008claimsthat…...

◆Halliday’s（2008theoryoflunarcompositionhasgeneralsupport.

◆AccordingtoHalliday（2008,themoonis…...

Examplesofindirectcitationforms（间接引用方式:

◆Previousresearchhasshownthatthemoonis…..（Brie,1988.

◆Ithasbeenshownthatthemoonismadeofcheese（Brie,1988.◆Ithasbeenestablishedthatthemoonismadeofcheese（Brie,1988.◆Themoonisprobablymadeofcheese（Brie,1988.

◆Themoonmaybemadeofcheese（cf.Rock,1989.Step4:

Indicateagap.

◆Noresearchhasbeendoneon…

◆Littleefforthasbeenspentonthestudyof…◆

（Veryfewresearchershaveinvestigated…

◆Thenatureof…isoverlooked.◆Researchershavefailedtonoticethat…

◆Theresultismisleading/questionable/inconclusive/limited.◆Theresultof…hasseverallimitations.◆Theresearchcanrarelycover…Step5:

Statethepurpose

◆Thepurposeofthisstudywasto....

◆Weinvestigatedthreepossiblemechanismstoexplainthe...（1…….（2…….

◆Thispaperreportsontheresultsobtained…

◆Theaimofthepresentpaperistogive…

◆Themainpurposeoftheexperimentreportedherewasto…

◆Thisstudywasdesignedtoevaluate…◆

Thispaperaimstoreporttheinteractionof…

Step6:

rationaleandapproach

Forexample:

Statebrieflyhowyouapproachedtheproblem（e.g.,youstudiedoxidativerespirationpathwaysinisolatedmitochondriaofcauliflower.ThiswillusuallyfollowyourstatementofpurposeinthelastparagraphoftheIntroduction.

Step7:

thearrangementofthewritingattheendoftheIntroduction.

◆Thispaperisdividedintofivemajorsections:

Sectiononeopenswith….Sectiontwopresents…Sectionthreedealswith…SectionFourreveals…Sectionfiveconcludesthepaper.◆Wehaveorganizedtherestofthispaperinthefollowingway…

◆Thispaperisstructuredasfollows…

◆

Theremainderofthispaperisdividedintofivesections.SectionIIdescribes…

1.…（Methodwasusedtodo….

2.Thestudyused/madeuseof/employedthemethodthat….

3.描述方法过程的连接词:

and/andthen/then/next/thenextstep/beforethat/afterthat.

◆Basedontheabovediscussion,thefollowingconclusioncanbemadethat…◆From..,itcanbeconcludedthat…◆Inconclusion,theresultshowsthat…

◆Thesefindingsoftheresearchledtotheconclusionthat..◆Tosumup,theresearch/thisstudyrevealsthat…

◆Insummary,theresultoftheexperimentdemonstratesthat…

◆

Asaresultofourexperimentsweconcludedthat…

◆

Thedataoftheexperimentarebrieflysummarizedasfollows.

◆Figure4showstheresultsofthestudy.

◆

Table6presentsthedataobtainedintheexperiment.

◆Thistablesummarizesthedatacollectedinthisstudy.◆Thefindingsofthisstudyaresummarized/listedinTable7.◆

Theoutcomeoftheexperimentisreportedinthefollowingtable.

ABSTRACT

ProcessingAITlogginginformationcangetmoreaccuratelayerrealresistivityandmudinvasiondepthandsection.AITresultshelptodifferentiatelayerinfiltrationabilityandfluidtype,thecalculationofmudinvasiondepthcaninstructthelevelofoilreservoir