初中英语被动语态讲解及练习ppt.ppt
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PassiveVoice被动语态英语动词有两种语态:
英语动词有两种语态:
主动主动语态和语态和被动被动语态。
语态。
1.1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,22.或者只需强调动作的承受者时,要用或者只需强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态被动语态。
被动语态被动语态结构:
结构:
be+过去分词过去分词(PP)+(by)表格:
被动态基本结构时态时态被动语态结构被动语态结构一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时am/is/arebeingdone现在完成时现在完成时am/is/aredonewas/weredone(shall/will/begoingto)bedonehave/hasbeendone情态动词的被动语态情态动词情态动词+be+donemustbedone/mustntbedoneshouldbedone/shouldntbedonecanbedone/cantbedonemaybedone/mightbedone各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成1)一般现在时:
一般现在时:
Youareinvitedtodothis.2)一般过去时:
一般过去时:
Thestorywastoldbyher.3)一般将来时:
一般将来时:
Theproblemwillbediscussedtomorrow.4)情态动词:
情态动词:
Therubbishcanbeputintothedustbinoverthere.在改写中应注意:
在改写中应注意:
1.把把原原来的来的宾语宾语提到前面作被动语态的提到前面作被动语态的主主语语;2.把把动词动词变成变成“be+过去分词过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主动语态中的主语主语变为介词变为介词by的的宾语宾语。
ManypeoplespeakChinese.Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.Heplantstreesinspring.主谓宾(受动者)Treesareplantedbyhim改为被动语态inspring.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives__forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom__twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned(变被动语态)变被动语态)3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.____onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She__toreturnthebookintime.Theticketwasfoundwastold5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He____onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom__toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework__bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine___threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken14.ThestudentsstudyGermaninthisschool.German__bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?
_thisquestionoften_about__?
isstudiedIstalkedbythem1)Teenagersshould_(allow)togooutatnight.2)Thetelephone_(invent)byBell.3)English_(speak)inChina.4)Thecar_(make)inChina.5)Theroommust_(clean)everyday.beallowedwasinventedisspokenismadebecleanedOralpractice-主动句改被动句Oralpractice-1.Changeeachsentenceintopassivevoice:
1)Acarknockedhimdownyesterday.2)Thesetwokidsplanttreeseveryyear3)3)Weshouldprotecttheearth4)4)WellputontheplaynextSundayHewasknockeddownbyacaryesterdayTreesareplantedbythesetwokidseveryyear.Theearthshouldbeprotectedbyus.TheplaywillbeputonbyusnextSunday.几种特殊结构几种特殊结构1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday2.WeoftenhearhimplaytheguitarAgiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar注意注意1:
see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等动词等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带定式都不带to;但改成被动语态后必须带但改成被动语态后必须带to。
Beseentodo,bemadetodo,beheardtodo,bewatchedtodoWeshouldlookaftertheoldpeople.Theoldpeopleshouldbelookedafterbyus.注意注意2:
有些不及物动词加介词构成及物动词:
有些不及物动词加介词构成及物动词短语,如果变被动语态,不能把动词后的介词短语,如果变被动语态,不能把动词后的介词丢掉。
丢掉。
注意注意3:
主语主语+连系动词连系动词+表语表语的句子没的句子没有被动语态。
有被动语态。
Thefoodtastesdelicious.注意注意4:
therebe结构没有被动语态结构没有被动语态1。
动词。
动词(表示主语的属性特征表示主语的属性特征)+副词副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被用主动式表被动义。
动义。
read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,Thebooks_wellA.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth_easilyA.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedBC主动式表被动义主动式表被动义7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?
____atthistimelasttime?
8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?
_ourwork__today?
WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)___somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps____.weweregivenweregiventous()1.Themonkeywasseen_offthetree.A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump()2.Ifsmalltrees_,theywillgrowupquickly.A.takegoodcareofB.takegoodcareC.aretakengoodcareofD.aretakengoodcare