不定式to用法详解和练习.ppt

不定式to用法详解和练习.ppt

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Infinitive动词不定式动词不定式主语主语1.TobehereatChristmastimeismydream.2.Togoabroadishisdream.3.Tosayiseasy,whiletodoisdifficult.（这时可将其用形式主语（这时可将其用形式主语it来替换）来替换）ItismydreamtobehereatChristmastime.Itishisdreamtogoabroad.Itiseasytosay,whileitisdifficulttodo.宾语宾语Iwanttobuyacomputer.Shehopestofindabetterjob.Iwishtogowithyou.Doyouthinkitbetternottogo?

形式宾语形式宾语真正宾语真正宾语表语表语Hisworkistofeedtheanimals.Herjobistolookafterthepatients.Mydreamistobeaartisit.宾语补足语宾语补足语Sheaskedmetohelpher.Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime.Edisonsmothertaughthimtoreadandwrite.wantsbtodowishsbtodogetsbtodorequiresbtodofindsbtobehelpsbtodo作宾语补足语不带作宾语补足语不带to的情况的情况:

感官动词、使动词后面的感官动词、使动词后面的to常省常省略，但是被动语态中的略，但是被动语态中的to不能省略不能省略Letmedoit.Isawhimsingintheclassroom.常见动词有：

常见动词有：

有些动词后面做宾补的不定式有些动词后面做宾补的不定式不带不带toto，如，如hear（一（一听）听）see,watch,（两看）（两看）make,have,let（三让（三让）例如：

例如：

Iwatchhersinginthenextroom.Iheardhersinginthenextroom.定语定语Givemesomethingtodrink.Ihavetwobookstoread.Theyhavemuchfoodtoeat.Heaskedforaroomtolivein.Idonthaveapentowritewith.Theiceishardenoughtoskateon.Heboughtatoytoplaywith.状语状语（adverbial）HecametoshowmehisnewCDplayer.Iwenttheretoseemyteacher.ShecamebacktogetherEnglishbook.Theboywastoofrightenedtomove.（目的目的）（目的目的）（目的目的）（结果）（结果）Hearrivedsolatetofindthetrainleave.（结果）（结果）疑问词疑问词who,what,which,where,when,how加加todo可构成不定式短语，在句中可用作主语、可构成不定式短语，在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。

宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。

Whentoleavehasnotbeendecided.Idontknowwhattodo.Hecantellyouwheretogo.Thequestioniswho（m）toask.（主语主语）（宾语宾语）（宾语补足语宾语补足语）（表语表语）不定式的其他用法你决定穿什么参加去参加面试了吗？

你决定穿什么参加去参加面试了吗？

Haveyoudecidedwhattoweartotheinterview?

没人告诉我在哪买票。

没人告诉我在哪买票。

Nobodytoldmewheretobuytheticket.1.Ittakesyoutenminutestogetthere.2.Ihopetoseehimsoon.3.Hiswishistobecomeanartist.4.Peopleeattolive,butnotlivetoeat.5.Ihavealottotellyou.6.Itsnotrighttobethinkingofoneself.7.Weoftenseehimplayfootball.定语定语主语主语状语状语表语表语宾语宾语主语主语宾语补足语宾语补足语Pickouttheinfinitivesandtelltheirfunctions.8.HepretendedtoreadattentivelywhenIcamein.9.ItisofgreathelpforustolearnEnglishwell.10.IdidntexpectMarytoinvitemetoherbirthdayparty.11.Shelistenstonewseverydaysoastofindoutwhatsgoingon.12.Thecartobeboughtisforhissisters.13.Theimportantthinginlifeistohaveagreataim,andthedeterminationtoattainit.（宾语）宾语）（主语）主语）（宾补）宾补）（状语）状语）（定语）定语）（表语）表语）特殊的动词特殊的动词1）.只能后接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词,常见的有：

suggest建议practice练习finish完成keep保持canthelp情不自禁mind介意giveup放弃enjoy喜欢2）只能接不定式作宾语的动词，常见的有decide决定refus拒绝promise承诺afford能够agree同意hope希望stoptodosth停下来做stopdoingsth停止做forgettodosth忘记要做forgetdoingsth忘记做过remembertodosth记得要做rememberdoingsth记得做过trytodosth尽力去做trydoingsth试着做goontodosth接着做另外一件事goondoingsth继续做同一件事meantodosth打算做meandoingsth意味着做canthelpdoingsth忍不住做了canthelp（to）dosth不能帮助做某事