消化管咽肛管双语版.ppt

消化管咽肛管双语版.ppt

《消化管咽肛管双语版.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《消化管咽肛管双语版.ppt（44页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

MouthPharynxEsophagusStomachDuodenumJejunumIleumLargeintestineLiverPancreasMajorsalivaryglandsAlimentarySystemAnusPharynxGeneralfeaturesAfibromusculartube,partofAfibromusculartube,partofdigestiveandrespiratorysystemsdigestiveandrespiratorysystemsExtendsfrombaseofskulltotheExtendsfrombaseofskulltotheinferiorborderofcricoidcartilageinferiorborderofcricoidcartilage（lowerborderofC（lowerborderofC66levellevel）ThreesegmentsNasopharynxNasopharynxOropharynxOropharynxLaryngopharynxLaryngopharynxPharynxNasopharynxPositionPosteriortonasalcavitiesExtendsfromthebaseofskulltotheleveloffreeborderofpalatinevelumFeaturesPharyngealopeningofauditorytubeTubaltorusPharyngealrecessTubaltonsilPharyngealtonsilPharynxOropharynxPositionPosteriortooralcavityPosteriortooralcavityExtendsfromfreeborderofExtendsfromfreeborderofpalatinevelumtothelevelofpalatinevelumtothelevelofupperborderofepiglottisupperborderofepiglottisFeaturesMedianglossoepiglotticfoldMedianglossoepiglotticfoldEpiglotticvalleculaEpiglotticvalleculaPalatinetonsilPalatinetonsilLieswithintonsillarfossaLieswithintonsillarfossaTonsillitisTonsilinflammationTonsilinflammationPharynxLaryngopharynxPositionPosteriortolarynxExtendsfromupperborderofepiglottistotheleveloflowerborderofC6PiriformrecessAdeepdepressiononeachsideofapertureoflarynxcommonsideforlodgementofforeignbodies（forexample,fishbones）PharynxLymphaticringofpharynxFormingFormingacircularbandacircularbandofoflymphoidtissueatlymphoidtissueatoropharyngealoropharyngealisthmuisthmuConsistsofConsistsofPharyngealtonsilPharyngealtonsiltubaltonsiltubaltonsilPalatinetonsilPalatinetonsillingualtonsillingualtonsilEsophagusGeneralfeaturesAmusculartuberabout25cmlongAmusculartuberabout25cmlongConnectingthepharynxatlevelofConnectingthepharynxatlevelofinferiorborderofvertebraCinferiorborderofvertebraC66PassesthroughthediaphragmatPassesthroughthediaphragmatlevelofvertebraTlevelofvertebraT1010Endsatthecardiaofthestomach,Endsatthecardiaofthestomach,oppositevertebraToppositevertebraT1111DivisionCervicalpart:

Cervicalpart:

5cm5cmTThoracicpart:

horacicpart:

18-22cm18-22cmAbdominalpart:

Abdominalpart:

1-2cm1-2cmEsophagusThreeconstrictions1.1.WhereitbeginningWhereitbeginning,15cmfrom15cmfromincisorsincisors,liesatlevelofinferiorborder,liesatlevelofinferiorborderofCofC66,isthenarrowestpartofthe,isthenarrowestpartoftheesophagusesophagus2.2.WhereitiscrossedbyleftprincipalWhereitiscrossedbyleftprincipalbronchusbronchus,25cmfromincisors,25cmfromincisors,liesatliesatlevelofintervertebraldiscbetweenTlevelofintervertebraldiscbetweenT44andTandT55.3.3.WhereitpiercestheesophagealWhereitpiercestheesophagealhiatusofdiaphragmhiatusofdiaphragm,40cmfrom40cmfromincisorsincisors,atlevelofT,atlevelofT1010StomachShapeTwosurface:

anteriorandposteriorTwocurvaturesLessercurvatureofstomachLessercurvatureofstomachshort,concaveanddirectedtotherightandupwardshort,concaveanddirectedtotherightandupwardnearitslowerpartisnearitslowerpartisangularincisureangularincisureGreatercurvatureGreatercurvatureofstomachofstomachlong,convexanddirectedtotheleftanddownwardlong,convexanddirectedtotheleftanddownwardatthejunctionofleftmarginofesophagusandgreateratthejunctionofleftmarginofesophagusandgreatercurvatureiscurvatureiscardiacincisurecardiacincisureTwoopeningsCardiaCardiaPylorusPylorusTwoincisureStomachFourpartsCardiacpartFundusofstomach（cardiaccardiacincisureincisure）Bodyofstomach（angularangularincisureincisure）PyloricpartPyloricantrumPyloricantrumPyloriccanaPyloriccanallStomachCardiacpartCardiacpartFundusofstomachFundusofstomachBodyofstomachBodyofstomachPyloricantrumPyloricantrumPyloriccanalPyloriccanalPyloricpartPyloricpartLocationMainlypartsissituatedinthelefthypochondriacregionSmallintheepigastricregionThecardiaissituatedtotheleftofT1111,thepylorusliestotherightofL11.StomachStructureofstomachwallconsistsoffourusuallayersconsistsoffourusuallayersMucousmembraneMucousmembraneSubmucousSubmucous（looseareolartissue（looseareolartissueconnectingthemucousandmuscularconnectingthemucousandmuscularlayer）layer）MuscularlayerMuscularlayercontains:

contains:

InnermostobliquefibresInnermostobliquefibresInnercircularfibresInnercircularfibresSphincterofpylorusSphincterofpylorusPyloricvalvePyloricvalveThemostsuperficiallongitudinalfibersThemostsuperficiallongitudinalfibersSerousSerous（visceralperitoneum）（visceralperitoneum）StomachVariationsinpositionofstoma