初中英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题.docx
《初中英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《初中英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题.docx(78页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
初中英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题
一、中考英语阅读理解汇编
1.阅读理解
Everyonegetssad.Beingsadcanhappenprettyoften.Morethanhalfofteenagersgothroughaperiodofsadnessatleastonceamonth.Whenyou'resad,itfeelslikeitwilllastforever.Theworldseemsdarkandunfriendly.Youmightfeellikeyouhavenothingtolookforwardto.Manytimes,youcry,andit'shardtostop.However,yourfeelingofsadnessusuallydoesn'tlastverylong—afewhours,ormaybeadayortwo.
Whensadnessstartstogoaway,itfeelslikeabigstoneisbeingliftedfromyourbody.Ifsadfeelingsgoonfortoolong,it'scalleddepression.Childrenwhohavedepressionmaynotknowit.Often,it'saparentorteacherwhonoticeschildren'schanges.
Whendepressionhappens,it'sveryimportantforchildrentoreceivetreatment.Whentheydo,theycangetbetterquickly.Sometimestreatmentincludestalkingtosomeonewhoknowsallaboutdepression.Sometimesitmeanstakingmedicine.Sometimesbothofthesethingsareused.Ifyouthinkyouhavedepression,oryoujusthavesadnessthatsimplywillnotgoaway,itisimportanttotalktoanadultaboutitfirst.Thispersoncanhelpyoufindtherightkindoftreatment.Manycitiesalsohavementalhealthhotlinesthatarelistedinthephonebook.Thereisalwayssomebodywhocanhelp.
(1)WhichquestionisansweredinParagraph1?
A. Whatmakeskidssad?
B. Whenissadnessaproblem?
C. Whatdoessadnessfeellike?
D. Whyissadnessgoodsometimes?
(2)Ifwehavedepression,whoprobablyfirstnoticesthatwehavebeendifferent?
A. Weourselves.
B. Ourparentorteacher.
C. Ourclassmate.
D. Ourfriendorneighbor.
(3)Childrenwhohavedepressionareadvisedto first.
A. talktoanadult B. gotohospital C. takemedicine D. calltheirfriends
(4)Onwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthistext?
A. Culture.
B. Travel.
C. Health.
D. Education.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)A
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了青少年的情绪,抑郁发生时要接受治疗。
(1)主旨题。
根据Theworldseemsdarkandunfriendly世界似乎黑暗而不友好,可知第一段介绍了悲伤是什么感觉,故选C。
(2)细节题。
根据Often,it'saparentorteacherwhonoticeschildren'schanges可知,如果我们有抑郁症我们的父母或老师会首先注意到我们已经不同了,故选B。
(3)细节题。
根据itisimportanttotalktoanadultaboutitfirst可知,患有抑郁症的儿童被建议首先和成年人谈谈,故选A。
(4)推理题。
根据本文介绍了青少年的情绪,抑郁发生时要接受治疗,可知是心理治疗问题, 故我们能在报纸的健康部分找到这篇文章,故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推断题,和主旨,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息,主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2.阅读理解
WhenyouarereadingsomethinginEnglish,youmayoftenmeetwithanewword.What'sthebestwaytoknowit?
YoumaylookitupintheEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Itwilltellyoualotabouttheword:
thepronunciation,theChinesemeaningandhowtousetheword.ButhowcanyouknowwherethewordisinthousandsofEnglishwords?
Howtofinditinthedictionarybothquicklyandcorrectly?
First,alltheEnglishwordsarearranged(安排)intheletterorder.InthedictionaryyoucanfirstseethewordsbeginningwithletterA,thenB,C,D….Thatmeans,iftherearetwowords"desert"and"pull","desert"willbecertainlybefore"pull".Theniftherearetwowordsbothbeginningwiththesameletter,youmaylookatthesecondletter.Thenthethird,thefourth…Forexample,"pardon"isbefore"plough","judge"before"just",etc.
Doyouunderstandhowtolookupinthedictionary?
Thedictionarywillbeyourgoodfriend.Ihopeyou'lluseitasoftenaspossibleinyourEnglishstudy.
(1)Thispassageisabout_____.
A. newwordsinwriting
B. differentdictionaries
C. thebestwayofreading
D. usinganEnglish-Chinesedictionary
(2)Inthedictionaryyoumaynotfind_____.
A. howtopronouncetheword
B. thespellingoftheword
C. whousedthewordfirst
D. howtousetheword
(3)InanEnglish-Chinesedictionary,thelastword_____.
A. beginswithZ
B. beginswithA
C. isashortone
D. isnotoftenused
(4)WhichgroupofwordsisintherightorderinanEnglish-Chinesedictionary?
A. perhaps,produce,plenty
B. straight,subject,surprise
C. century,center,business
D. foreign,entrance,headache
(5)Inthepassagethewritertriestotellusthat_____.
A. wehavetouseadictionarywhenwereadsomethinginEnglish
B. anEnglish-Chinesedictionarycantelluseverythingaboutaword
C. anEnglish-ChinesedictionarycanhelpusalotinourEnglishstudy
D. allEnglish-Chinesedictionaryarethesame
【答案】
(1)D
(2)C
(3)A
(4)B
(5)A
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了怎样使用英汉字典。
(1)主旨题。
根据Howtofinditinthedictionarybothquicklyandcorrectly如何快速准确地在词典中找到它,可知本文介绍了怎样使用英汉字典,故选D。
(2)细节题。
根据Itwilltellyoualotabouttheword:
thepronunciation,theChinesemeaningandhowtousetheword它会告诉你很多关于这个词的事情:
发音,中文意思和如何使用这个词,可知在字典里你可能找不到谁先使用这个词的,故选C。
(3)推理题。
根据InthedictionaryyoucanfirstseethewordsbeginningwithletterA,thenB,C,D….字典里你可以首先看到以字母A开头的单词,然后是B,C,D…,字母z是字母表中最后的字母,可知在英汉词典中,最后一个单词从z开始,故选A。
(4)推理题。
根据iftherearetwowordsbothbeginningwiththesameletter,youmaylookatthesecondletter.Thenthethird,thefourth…如果有两个词都以同一个字母开头,你可以看第二个字母。
然后第三,第四,可知straight,subject,surprise在英汉词典中排列正确,故选B。
(5)推理题。
根据dictionarywillbeyourgoodfriend.Ihopeyou'lluseitasoftenaspossibleinyourEnglishstudy词典将是你的好朋友。
我希望你在英语学习中尽可能多地使用它,可知作者试图告诉我们,当我们用英语阅读时,我们必须使用字典,故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推断题,和主旨题,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息,主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。
3.根据短文内容,判断下列句子正误。
Doyouoftenlistentomusicatloudvolumes(音量)?
Youshouldknowthatthishabitisbadforyourhearing.Over1billionyoungpeopleareatriskofhearingloss(听力丧失),becauseoflisteningtoloudnoiseforlongperiodsoftime.ListeningtomusicorwatchingaTVshowatloudvolumescanharmyourhearing.
TheUnitedNationshasstandardsforsafelistening.Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB(分贝)foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.Thesoundofabusyroadisabout85dBandthesoundofarockconcertcanbeabout100dB.
Loudnoiseisharmfultotheinner二Mostofusarebonwithabout16,000haircells(听毛细胞)inourinnerears.Thesecellsnoticesounds.However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.Thisiswhatcauseshearingloss.Oncethishappens,it'shardtogetyourhearingback.
Somepeoplemightthinkthattheirmusicisn'tallthatloud.Butthiscandependonwhereyouare.Forexample,ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.Later,whenyoulistentoitatthesamevolumeinaquietplace,youalightfeeluncomfortable
The"safelevel"formostsoundisbelow80dBforupto40hoursaweek.Alevelof80dBisaboutequalto(相当于)thenoiseofasubway.
Hereissomeadviceonsafelistening.Over—the—earheadphones (头戴式耳机)arebetterthanin—earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalowervolume.Don'tlistentoloudmusiconyourheadphonesforalongtime.Followthe60:
60rule:
listentomusicat60percentofyourheadphones'maximumvolumefornomorethan60minutesaday.
(1)Itissafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan100dBfor15minutes
(2)Listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecancausesomehaircellsintheinnereartodie.
(3)Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowpeopledon'talwaysrealizehowloudtheirmusicis.
(4)In—earheadphonesarebetterthanover—the—eatonesbecausetheycanstopmoreoutsidenoise.
(5)Thisarticlemainlytellsuswhyearsareanimportantpartofourbodies.
【答案】
(1)0
(2)1
(3)1
(4)0
(5)0
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
本文主要讲述了听大音量音乐的习惯对听力有害。
世界卫生组织称,超过10亿的年轻人在听力方面存在问题,因为他们长时间大声聆听。
联合国有安全聆听标准。
听八十小时大于85分贝或15分钟大声100分钟的声音是不安全的。
长时间聆听大声的声音可能会使这些细胞工作太猛,并使其中一些细胞死亡。
这就是人们听力损失的原因。
(1)判断正误题。
根据Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB(分贝)foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.可知挺高于85分贝八个小时或者100分贝15分钟是不安全的。
故答案为错误。
(2)判断正误题。
根据However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.可知听大声的噪音很长时间能使这些耳毛细胞工作太猛,造成一些耳毛细胞死亡,故答案为正确。
(3)判断正误题。
根据ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.可知如果你在像地铁这样吵闹的地方,你可能无意识的把声音调到太大,可知第四段告诉我们人们不总是能意识到他们的音乐有多大声,故答案为正确。
(4)判断正误题。
根据Over—the—earheadphones (头戴式耳机)arebetterthanin—earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalowervolume.可知头戴式耳机比置入式耳机更好,故答案为错误。
(5)判断正误题。
通读全文可知大意是:
听大声的音乐对听力有害,不是讲耳朵是人体重要的组成部分,故答案为错误。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力,首先通读全文,掌握大意,然后根据细节判断所给句子的正确,注意要找到依据。
4.阅读理解
Doyouwanttoimproveyourphysicsandchemistrygrades?
Well,maybeyoushouldfirstlearnsomethingaboutthestruggles(奋斗)ofgreatscientists.
TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationdidaninterestingstudy.Morethan400studentsfromschoolsinNewYorkCitytookpartinit.Thestudentsweredividedintothreegroups.Group1readatypicaltextbookthatdescribestheachievementsofgreatscientists.Group2readaboutthosescientists'personalstruggles.Forexample,asaJew,Einstein(爱因斯坦)ranawayfromNaziGermanytoavoidpersecution(迫害).Thelastgroupreadaboutthescientists'intellectualstruggles,suchasMarieCurie'sfailedscientifictests.Thesestoriesaboutstrugglesalsotoldstudentshowthescientistsdealtwiththeseobstacles(障碍).
Thestudentstookascienceexambeforethestudy.Aftert