初中英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题.docx

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初中英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题.docx

初中英语阅读理解技巧和方法完整版及练习题

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1.阅读理解

   Everyonegetssad.Beingsadcanhappenprettyoften.Morethanhalfofteenagersgothroughaperiodofsadnessatleastonceamonth.Whenyou'resad,itfeelslikeitwilllastforever.Theworldseemsdarkandunfriendly.Youmightfeellikeyouhavenothingtolookforwardto.Manytimes,youcry,andit'shardtostop.However,yourfeelingofsadnessusuallydoesn'tlastverylong—afewhours,ormaybeadayortwo.

   Whensadnessstartstogoaway,itfeelslikeabigstoneisbeingliftedfromyourbody.Ifsadfeelingsgoonfortoolong,it'scalleddepression.Childrenwhohavedepressionmaynotknowit.Often,it'saparentorteacherwhonoticeschildren'schanges.

   Whendepressionhappens,it'sveryimportantforchildrentoreceivetreatment.Whentheydo,theycangetbetterquickly.Sometimestreatmentincludestalkingtosomeonewhoknowsallaboutdepression.Sometimesitmeanstakingmedicine.Sometimesbothofthesethingsareused.Ifyouthinkyouhavedepression,oryoujusthavesadnessthatsimplywillnotgoaway,itisimportanttotalktoanadultaboutitfirst.Thispersoncanhelpyoufindtherightkindoftreatment.Manycitiesalsohavementalhealthhotlinesthatarelistedinthephonebook.Thereisalwayssomebodywhocanhelp.

(1)WhichquestionisansweredinParagraph1?

A. Whatmakeskidssad?

                                     

B. Whenissadnessaproblem?

C. Whatdoessadnessfeellike?

                          

D. Whyissadnessgoodsometimes?

(2)Ifwehavedepression,whoprobablyfirstnoticesthatwehavebeendifferent?

A. Weourselves.     

B. Ourparentorteacher.     

C. Ourclassmate.     

D. Ourfriendorneighbor.

(3)Childrenwhohavedepressionareadvisedto             first.

A. talktoanadult             B. gotohospital             C. takemedicine             D. calltheirfriends

(4)Onwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthistext?

A. Culture.                            

B. Travel.                            

C. Health.                            

D. Education.

【答案】

(1)C

(2)B

(3)A

(4)C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了青少年的情绪,抑郁发生时要接受治疗。

(1)主旨题。

根据Theworldseemsdarkandunfriendly世界似乎黑暗而不友好,可知第一段介绍了悲伤是什么感觉,故选C。

(2)细节题。

根据Often,it'saparentorteacherwhonoticeschildren'schanges可知,如果我们有抑郁症我们的父母或老师会首先注意到我们已经不同了,故选B。

(3)细节题。

根据itisimportanttotalktoanadultaboutitfirst可知,患有抑郁症的儿童被建议首先和成年人谈谈,故选A。

(4)推理题。

根据本文介绍了青少年的情绪,抑郁发生时要接受治疗,可知是心理治疗问题, 故我们能在报纸的健康部分找到这篇文章,故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题,和主旨,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息,主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2.阅读理解

   WhenyouarereadingsomethinginEnglish,youmayoftenmeetwithanewword.What'sthebestwaytoknowit?

   YoumaylookitupintheEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Itwilltellyoualotabouttheword:

thepronunciation,theChinesemeaningandhowtousetheword.ButhowcanyouknowwherethewordisinthousandsofEnglishwords?

Howtofinditinthedictionarybothquicklyandcorrectly?

   First,alltheEnglishwordsarearranged(安排)intheletterorder.InthedictionaryyoucanfirstseethewordsbeginningwithletterA,thenB,C,D….Thatmeans,iftherearetwowords"desert"and"pull","desert"willbecertainlybefore"pull".Theniftherearetwowordsbothbeginningwiththesameletter,youmaylookatthesecondletter.Thenthethird,thefourth…Forexample,"pardon"isbefore"plough","judge"before"just",etc.

   Doyouunderstandhowtolookupinthedictionary?

Thedictionarywillbeyourgoodfriend.Ihopeyou'lluseitasoftenaspossibleinyourEnglishstudy.

(1)Thispassageisabout_____.

A. newwordsinwriting                                       

B. differentdictionaries

C. thebestwayofreading                                   

D. usinganEnglish-Chinesedictionary

(2)Inthedictionaryyoumaynotfind_____.

A. howtopronouncetheword                           

B. thespellingoftheword

C. whousedthewordfirst                                   

D. howtousetheword

(3)InanEnglish-Chinesedictionary,thelastword_____.

A. beginswithZ              

B. beginswithA              

C. isashortone              

D. isnotoftenused

(4)WhichgroupofwordsisintherightorderinanEnglish-Chinesedictionary?

A. perhaps,produce,plenty                                 

B. straight,subject,surprise

C. century,center,business                                  

D. foreign,entrance,headache

(5)Inthepassagethewritertriestotellusthat_____.

A. wehavetouseadictionarywhenwereadsomethinginEnglish

B. anEnglish-Chinesedictionarycantelluseverythingaboutaword   

C. anEnglish-ChinesedictionarycanhelpusalotinourEnglishstudy

D. allEnglish-Chinesedictionaryarethesame

【答案】

(1)D

(2)C

(3)A

(4)B

(5)A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了怎样使用英汉字典。

(1)主旨题。

根据Howtofinditinthedictionarybothquicklyandcorrectly如何快速准确地在词典中找到它,可知本文介绍了怎样使用英汉字典,故选D。

(2)细节题。

根据Itwilltellyoualotabouttheword:

thepronunciation,theChinesemeaningandhowtousetheword它会告诉你很多关于这个词的事情:

发音,中文意思和如何使用这个词,可知在字典里你可能找不到谁先使用这个词的,故选C。

(3)推理题。

根据InthedictionaryyoucanfirstseethewordsbeginningwithletterA,thenB,C,D….字典里你可以首先看到以字母A开头的单词,然后是B,C,D…,字母z是字母表中最后的字母,可知在英汉词典中,最后一个单词从z开始,故选A。

(4)推理题。

根据iftherearetwowordsbothbeginningwiththesameletter,youmaylookatthesecondletter.Thenthethird,thefourth…如果有两个词都以同一个字母开头,你可以看第二个字母。

然后第三,第四,可知straight,subject,surprise在英汉词典中排列正确,故选B。

(5)推理题。

根据dictionarywillbeyourgoodfriend.Ihopeyou'lluseitasoftenaspossibleinyourEnglishstudy词典将是你的好朋友。

我希望你在英语学习中尽可能多地使用它,可知作者试图告诉我们,当我们用英语阅读时,我们必须使用字典,故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题,和主旨题,细节题要注意从文中寻找答案;推断题需要联系上下文,推断出需要的信息,主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3.根据短文内容,判断下列句子正误。

   Doyouoftenlistentomusicatloudvolumes(音量)?

Youshouldknowthatthishabitisbadforyourhearing.Over1billionyoungpeopleareatriskofhearingloss(听力丧失),becauseoflisteningtoloudnoiseforlongperiodsoftime.ListeningtomusicorwatchingaTVshowatloudvolumescanharmyourhearing.

   TheUnitedNationshasstandardsforsafelistening.Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB(分贝)foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.Thesoundofabusyroadisabout85dBandthesoundofarockconcertcanbeabout100dB.

   Loudnoiseisharmfultotheinner二Mostofusarebonwithabout16,000haircells(听毛细胞)inourinnerears.Thesecellsnoticesounds.However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.Thisiswhatcauseshearingloss.Oncethishappens,it'shardtogetyourhearingback.

   Somepeoplemightthinkthattheirmusicisn'tallthatloud.Butthiscandependonwhereyouare.Forexample,ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.Later,whenyoulistentoitatthesamevolumeinaquietplace,youalightfeeluncomfortable

   The"safelevel"formostsoundisbelow80dBforupto40hoursaweek.Alevelof80dBisaboutequalto(相当于)thenoiseofasubway.

   Hereissomeadviceonsafelistening.Over—the—earheadphones (头戴式耳机)arebetterthanin—earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalowervolume.Don'tlistentoloudmusiconyourheadphonesforalongtime.Followthe60:

60rule:

listentomusicat60percentofyourheadphones'maximumvolumefornomorethan60minutesaday.

(1)Itissafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan100dBfor15minutes

(2)Listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecancausesomehaircellsintheinnereartodie.

(3)Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowpeopledon'talwaysrealizehowloudtheirmusicis.

(4)In—earheadphonesarebetterthanover—the—eatonesbecausetheycanstopmoreoutsidenoise.

(5)Thisarticlemainlytellsuswhyearsareanimportantpartofourbodies.

【答案】

(1)0

(2)1

(3)1

(4)0

(5)0

【解析】【分析】文章大意:

本文主要讲述了听大音量音乐的习惯对听力有害。

世界卫生组织称,超过10亿的年轻人在听力方面存在问题,因为他们长时间大声聆听。

联合国有安全聆听标准。

听八十小时大于85分贝或15分钟大声100分钟的声音是不安全的。

长时间聆听大声的声音可能会使这些细胞工作太猛,并使其中一些细胞死亡。

这就是人们听力损失的原因。

(1)判断正误题。

根据Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB(分贝)foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.可知挺高于85分贝八个小时或者100分贝15分钟是不安全的。

故答案为错误。

(2)判断正误题。

根据However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.可知听大声的噪音很长时间能使这些耳毛细胞工作太猛,造成一些耳毛细胞死亡,故答案为正确。

(3)判断正误题。

根据ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.可知如果你在像地铁这样吵闹的地方,你可能无意识的把声音调到太大,可知第四段告诉我们人们不总是能意识到他们的音乐有多大声,故答案为正确。

(4)判断正误题。

根据Over—the—earheadphones (头戴式耳机)arebetterthanin—earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalowervolume.可知头戴式耳机比置入式耳机更好,故答案为错误。

(5)判断正误题。

通读全文可知大意是:

听大声的音乐对听力有害,不是讲耳朵是人体重要的组成部分,故答案为错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力,首先通读全文,掌握大意,然后根据细节判断所给句子的正确,注意要找到依据。

4.阅读理解

   Doyouwanttoimproveyourphysicsandchemistrygrades?

Well,maybeyoushouldfirstlearnsomethingaboutthestruggles(奋斗)ofgreatscientists.

   TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationdidaninterestingstudy.Morethan400studentsfromschoolsinNewYorkCitytookpartinit.Thestudentsweredividedintothreegroups.Group1readatypicaltextbookthatdescribestheachievementsofgreatscientists.Group2readaboutthosescientists'personalstruggles.Forexample,asaJew,Einstein(爱因斯坦)ranawayfromNaziGermanytoavoidpersecution(迫害).Thelastgroupreadaboutthescientists'intellectualstruggles,suchasMarieCurie'sfailedscientifictests.Thesestoriesaboutstrugglesalsotoldstudentshowthescientistsdealtwiththeseobstacles(障碍).

   Thestudentstookascienceexambeforethestudy.Aftert

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