高考英语综合题专题复习阅读理解专题解析附详细答案.docx

高考英语综合题专题复习阅读理解专题解析附详细答案.docx

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高考英语综合题专题复习阅读理解专题解析附详细答案

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   ThefounderofelectricsupercarmakerRimachassaiditwon'tmakesenseforpeopletoownordrivetheirowncarsinthecomingdecades.

   AccordingtoRimac,mostpeoplewillnolongerownoroperatetheirowncarsinthefuture.Instead,vehicleswillbeshared,self—drivingandelectric.Thesechangesarealreadystarting."TherewillbepeoplewhostillwanttoowntheircarsanddrivetheircarsandIamhappyforthatbecausethatisourbusiness,"Rimacsaid."Longterm,Ithink20yearsdowntheroad,itwillbetotallychangedandpeoplewillnotownordrivetheircarsanymore."Rimac'smostrecentcar,theC—Two,comesofftheproductionlinenextyear.

   Rimaciswellawaretheindustryischangingquicklyduetotheriseofself-drivingvehiclesandelectricbatteries,andsaysinthenext20yearsdrivingasweknowitmayexistmainlyasahobby."Ireallybelievethathumanitygoesforthingsthatmakesense."hetoldNewsweek."Ifyoulookat1.3millionpeopledyingeveryyearontheroads,ifyoulookattheimpactithasoneconomiesbasedontrafficjamsandtimelost,it'ssomuchofanegativeimpacttosocietythatIthinksuchahugebenefitcanbegainedifpeoplestopdriving."

   "Let'slookintothefuture.Youarestandinginfrontofthechoiceofeitherinvestingahugeamountofyourmoneyinbuyingahunkofmetalandplasticfor30,40,50thousanddollars,oryouhavetheconvenientoptionofpayingasyougo,thecarpicksyouupinafewminutes,it'saniceenvironmentandyouspendafewdollarsperdayonyourtransport."

   "Whenyoutakethedriveroutofthecar,transportcanbemuchcheaperandyoucanusethetimetodootherthings,insteadofsittingbehindasteering（转向）wheelandnotdoinganythingelse.SoIthinkthechoiceforthevastmajorityofpeoplewillbetheobviousone."

（1）Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?

A.Themajorityofpeoplewillpurchasecars.

B.Hugechangeswilltakeplaceincarindustry.

C.Drivingcarswillenjoymorepopularity.

D.Thecarbusinessisgraduallydisappearing.

（2）Whatisamajorcauseofthefastchangeinthecarindustry?

A.Therapidgrowthofself-drivingcars.

B.Theriseofsharedvehicles.

C.Theincreasingdemandofcustomers.

D.Theadvancedproductionline.

（3）HowdoesRimafeelaboutthefutureofself-drivingcars?

A.Uncertain.

B.Confused.

C.Optimistic.

D.Frightened.

（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Self-drivingcarsmeetnewchallenges.

B.Self-drivingcarsavoidhumanerrors.

C.Possessingordrivingcarswon'tbeamust.

D.Conventionalcarswillbecompletelyreplaced.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了由于自动驾驶车辆和电池的兴起，在不远的将来人们不用再买车和驾车，此外自动驾驶车辆将给社会和环境带来巨大好。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“Longterm,Ithink20yearsdowntheroad,itwillbetotallychangedandpeoplewillnotownordrivetheircarsanymore.”可知，20年后交通会有巨大的变化，人们将不会拥有或者驾驶车辆，由此可推测将来汽车产业将会发生巨大变大。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Rimaciswellawaretheindustryischangingquicklyduetotheriseofself-drivingvehiclesandelectricbatteries,“可知汽车产业的巨大变化是由自动驾驶车辆和电池的兴起导致。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的”SoIthinkthechoiceforthevastmajorityofpeoplewillbetheobviousone.”可知Rimac认为很多人都会选择自动驾驶车辆，故推测Rimac对自动驾驶车辆的未来非常乐观。

选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“ThefounderofelectricsupercarmakerRimachassaiditwon'tmakesenseforpeopletoownordrivetheirowncarsinthecomingdecades.“和下文所讲述的内容可知，本文主要围绕将来人们不用再拥有和驾驶车辆展开。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   BritishMuseumVisitorRegulations

   Openinghours

   WeopentheMuseum'sgalleriesdailyfrom10：

00amuntil17：

30pm.Wekeepselectedgalleriesopenuntil20：

30pmonFridays.

   TheMuseum'sGreatCourtisopenfrom9:

00amuntil18:

00pm;exceptonFridayswhenitremainsopenuntil20:

30pm.

   Youmaybeaskedbyyourstafftobeginleavinguptotenminutesbeforeclosingtime.

   TheMuseumisclosed24-26Decemberand1January.

   Admission

   WewarmlywelcomeyouonyourvisittotheMuseum.Intheinterestsofthesecurityofallofourvisitorswerequireyoufollowtheseregulations.

   AdmissiontotheMuseumisfree,butwemaychargeforentrytosometemporaryexhibitionsandevents.

   Foodanddrink

   Youaren'tallowedtoconsumefoodanddrinkinsidetheMuseum,exceptinplacessuchastherestaurantandcafesortheforecourt.FamilieswithchildrenmayusetheFordCentreforyoungvisitorsinthebasementoftheMuseum'sGreatCourtatweekendsandduringschoolholidays.

   Animals

   Ifyouhaveadisability,youmaybeaccompaniedintheMuseumbyyourguide,assistantorcompanionanimal.Youaren'tallowedtobringanimalsintotheMuseumunderanyothercircumstance.

   Film,photographyandaudiorecording

   Excepttheplacethatareindicatedbynotices,you'repermittedtousehand-heldcameras（includingmobilephones）withflashbulbsorflashunits,andaudioandfilmrecordingequipmentnotrequiringastand.Youmayuseyourphotographs,filmandaudiorecordingsonlyforyourownprivateandnon-commercialpurposes.

（1）WhencanvisitorsvisittheMuseum?

A. At18:

30pmonweekends.                              

B. At14:

00amonChristmasDay.

C. At19:

00pmonFridays.                                    D. At11:

00amonNewYear'sDay.

（2）Whoaretheregulationsmainlyintendedfor?

A. Thevisitors.                    

B. Thestaff.                    

C. Theparents.                    

D. Thechildren.

（3）WhatcanvisitorsdointheMuseum?

A. Eatanddrinkastheylike.                               

B. Takealongtheirpetdogs.

C. Recordfilmsforsale.                                        

D. Takephotosforpersonalpurpose.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了大英博物馆的游客守则。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据Openinghours部分中的“TheMuseum'sGreatCourtisopenfrom9:

00amuntil18:

00pm;exceptonFridayswhenitremainsopenuntil20:

30pm.”及“TheMuseumisclosed24-26Decemberand1January.”可知，大英博物馆从上午9点开放到下午18点，周五开放到晚上20:

30，12月24日至26日圣诞节期间和1月1日新年是闭馆的，由此可知，你可以在星期五晚上19:

00去参观，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

纵观全文，以及标题“BritishMuseumVisitorRegulations”可知，本文介绍的是大英博物馆的游客守则，自然是针对游客的，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据Film,photographyandaudiorecording部分中的“Youmayuseyourphotographs,filmandaudiorecordingsonlyforyourownprivateandnon-commercialpurposes.”可知，大英博物馆里允许游客出于个人目的或非商业目的拍照，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   NASAhasanewjoblisting,andit'snojoke.TheUSspaceagencyislookingfora"joker"tojointheirplannedmissiontoMars.

   AmissiontoMarsisnolaughingmatter.Onaverage,theredplanetis140millionmiles（225millionkilometers）awayfromEarth.Atriptherewouldtakearoundeightmonthsinasmallspacecraft.AndMarshasacommunicationsdelayof20minutes.Thismeansthatastronautswillhavetowait20minutesforareply,whenanemergencyhappens.

   "Whenyou'relivingwithothersinaconfinedspaceforalongperiodoftime,suchasonamissiontoMars,problemsarelikelytooccur,"JeffreyJohnson,ascientistattheUniversityofFlorida,toldTheGuardian.

   ThisisprobablywhyNASAwantsanastronautwithasenseofhumor."Thesearepeoplethathavetheabilitytopulleveryonetogether,"Johnsonsaid.

   Instressfulsituations,perhapshumorisawaytoknowwearen'talone.Bylaughingtogether,weshareourstress.Thenwecanfocusonourjobsinsteadofjustworrying.

   Thereareotherexamplesofteam"clowns".OneexampleisthejourneytotheSouthPoleledbyNorwegianexplorerRoaldAmundsen.Itwasadifficultjourneyfullofdanger.AdolfLindstrom,acookatAmundsen'steam,wasa"clown".Hemadepeoplelaughthroughthewholejourney.AmundsenlaterwrotethatLindstromwasthemostvaluablememberoftheteam.

   Butifyou'rehopingthatyourfavoriteTVcomedianwillflytoMars,thatprobablywon'thappen.

   "Beingfunnywon'tbeenoughtolandsomebodythejob,"Johnsonsaid."Theyalsoneedtobeanexcellentengineer."

   Besides,theymustbeintopphysicalcondition.

（1）WhatisNASA'snewjoblisting?

A. Afunnyengineer.       

B. Atalentedclown.       

C. Agoodcook.       

D. Apopularcomedian.

（2）Whatdoes"aconfinedspace"inParagraph3referto?

A. afullspace               

B. anemptyspace               

C. anopenspace               

D. asmallspace.

（3）Howdoestheauthorthinkhumorcanhelpastronauts?

A. Itcanstopthemfromfeelingbored.              B. Itcanpromoteteamworkonamission.

C. Itcanmakethemfeellesshomesick.             

D. Itcanhelpthemknowthemselvesbetter.

（4）What'stheauthor'spurposeofgivingtheexampleofthecook?

A. Totellusthatwhatexplorerseatontheirjourneyisveryimportant.

B. Toprovethatanamateurcanplayamoreimportantrolethanaprofessional.

C. Tomakethepointthathumorouspeoplecancheerpeopleupindifficultsituations.

D. TorevealthatamissiontoMarsismoredifficultthanajourneytotheSouthPole.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由美国宇航局寻找一位幽默的工程师来和宇航员一起执行航天任务介绍了幽默对宇航员的重要作用。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“‘Beingfunnywon'tbeenoughtolandsomebodythejob,’Johnsonsaid.‘Theyalsoneedtobeanexcellentengineer.’”可知，美国宇航局的新工作是幽默的工程师，故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“suchasonamissiontoMars,”可知，与在地球上生活的宽广空间不同，在火星任务中，你需要和其他人一起在狭小的航天器内生活很长一段时间，由此可知画线词词义为“狭小的空间、有限的空间”，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“Theseare.peoplethathavetheabilitytopulleveryonetogether,”可知，幽默的人有能力把每个人都团结在一起，也就是说幽默能够促进宇航员在任务中的团队合作，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的“Instressfulsituations,perhapshumorisawaytoknowwearen'talone.Bylaughingtogether,weshareourstress.”可知，在压力大的情况下，幽默是一种减压的方式，第六段第一句话又说有很多团队小丑的例子，紧接着举厨