法院实用英语词汇.docx

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法院实用英语词汇.docx

法院实用英语词汇

法院实用英语词汇

TheInternationalCourtofJustice(ICJ)联合国国际法院

Jurisdiction审判权司法权

theUNSecurityCouncil联合国安全理事会

vetopower否决权

Commandtheory指挥理论

customarylaw习惯法

juscogens强行法

adjourn:

延期再审

alibi:

不在现场证明

appeal:

上诉

appear(incourt):

出庭

bailiff:

庭丁,(法庭)警卫

by-law:

条例,细则

clause:

法律条款

defendant:

被告

dismerit(trafficoffensepoint):

(交通违规记)缺点

drivingunderinfluence:

嗑药后驾驶

drivingwhileintoxicated(DWI):

酒醉后驾驶

evidence:

证据

fine:

罚锾

firstoffense:

初犯

hear:

(法官)审理

hitandrun:

肇事后逃离现场

illegalparking:

违规停车

indict:

起诉

jaywalking:

违规穿越马路

judge:

法官

negligentdriving:

不小心驾驶

parallelparking:

平行停车

perjury:

伪证

pleadguilty[notguilty]:

认罪[不认罪]

preside:

(法官)列席

recess:

休庭

recklessdriving:

鲁莽驾驶

ruling:

裁决

runtheredlight:

闯红灯

speeding:

驾车超速

takeanoath:

宣誓

testify:

做证

trafficcourt:

交通法庭

trafficregulations:

交通规则

trafficviolation:

交通违规

民商法学与经济法学专业词汇

按照出资比例:

inproportiontoone’srespectivecontributionstotheinvestment

办理注销登记:

canceltheregistration

被代理人:

theprincipal

被侵权人theinfringed

本人名义:

inone’sname

标的subjectmatter

补偿制度compensationsystem

不动产登记制 LotandBlockSystem

财产法propertylaw

财产的添附accretionofproperty;propertyaccession

财产抵押权propertymortgage

财产继承权:

therightofinheritance

财产关系和人身关系:

propertyrelationshipsandpersonalrelationships

财产管理人propertyadministrator;custodianofproperty

财产混同confusion;hotchpot

财产留置权encumbrance

采用书面形式:

inwriting

仓单warehousevoucher

草签合同initialacontract;signareferendumcontract;adreferendumcontract

长期合同long-termcontract

偿付能力solvencycapabilityofreimbursement

超越代理权:

beyondthescopeofone’spowerofagency

撤消合同cancellationofcontract?

撤销合同cancelacontract;rescindacontract;avoidacontract

撤销权rightofrescission;rightofrevocation

撤销要约revocationofoffer;revokeanoffer

撤销遗赠cancellationowill;revocationiofwill

承运人actualfaultofthecarrier

承运人的留置权carrier’slien

诚信原则principleofgoodfaith

诚实信用原则:

principlehonestyandcredibility;principleofhonestryandgoodfaith;goodfaithprinciple;bonafideprinciple

船舶承租人charterer

船舶抵押权rightofmortgagewithrespecttoaship;mortageoftheship;shipmortgage

船舶抵押权的设定establishmentofmortgageoftheship

船舶抵押的消灭extinguishmentsofthemortgageoftheship

船舶抵押权登记registrationofshipmortgage

船舶留置权possessorylien;lienofship

村民委员会:

thevillagecommittee

惩罚性的损害赔偿punitivedamages

乘人之危:

takeadvantageofone’sunfavorableposition

处分财产disposeofproperties

处分权actofdisposition

处分原则principleofdisposition

代理民事活动:

berepresentedincivilactivitiesby

代理权终止:

theexpirationofone’spowerofagency

单独承担的责任undividedresponsibility

单方法律行为unilateralobligation

单方行政行为unilateraladministrativeact

等价有偿:

makingcompensationforequalvalue

对等原则 principleofreciprocity

对价consideration

对抗措施countermeasure

对人权rightinpersonam;personalright

对世权realright;rightinrem

恶意串通:

conspiremaliciously

恶意行为illwillmalafides

法人judicialperson;legalbody

法人的权利能力legalcapacityofjuristicperson

法人的责任能力capacityforresponsibilityofjuristicperson

法人权限corporatepower

法人人格corporatepersonality

法人身份statusofalegalperson

法人团体corporation

法人资格corporatecapacity

法人组织章程:

thearticlesofassociationofthelegalperson

负共同连带责任liablejointlyandseverally

负全部责任bearallresponsibilities;inallcharge

负有解释的义务accountable

负有连带义务的每个债务人:

eachofthejointdebtors

附带的条件incident

附带要求contingentclaim

附带原因contributorycause;inherentcause

附条件的民事法律行为:

conditionalciviljuristicacts

附条件的权利conditionalright

赋予权力entitle

个体工商户:

individualbusinesses

个人合伙:

individualpartnership

各尽所能,按劳分配fromeachaccordingtohisability,toeachaccordingtohisneeds

给付定金:

leaveadepositwiththeotherparty

工商行政管理机关:

theadministrativeagencyforindustryandcommerce

公民基本义务fundamentaldutiesofcitizens

合同contract

合同法 contractlaw

合同副本copiesofthecontract

合同规定contractprovisions/stipulations

合同履行地法lexlocicontractus

合同期限contractperiod(orcontractterm)

合同条款contractterms(orcontractclause)

合同有效期contractlife

合同正本originalsofthecontract

合伙人:

partners

合议制collegialsystem

核准登记的经营范围:

withintherangeapprovedandregistered

恢复原状recoveryoforiginalstate;restitution;restorationofheoriginalconditions;retitutioinintegrum

集体所有制企业:

anenterpriseundercollectiveownership

技术合同纠纷案件controversyoveratechnologycontract

监护人:

guardian

经主管机关核准登记:

approvedandregisteredbythecompetentauthority

居民委员会:

theneighborhoodcommittee

履行监护职责:

fulfilldutyofguardianship

埋藏物、隐藏物:

buriedorconcealedobject

买卖、出租、抵押、转让:

besold,leased,mortgagedortransferred

农村承包经营户:

leaseholdingfarmhouseholds

平等主体:

civilsubjectswithequalstatus

企业法人被撤销:

thedissolutionofanenterpriseaslegalperson

企业法人分立、合并:

thedivisionandmergerofanenterpriseaslegalperson

企业法人解散:

disbandingofanenterpriseaslegalperson

契约自由libertyofcontract

取得不当得利:

profitsacquiredimproperlyandwithoutalawfulbasis

取得法人资格:

bequalifiedasalegalperson

全民所有制企业:

anenterpriseownedbythewholepeople

让与alien;alienate;assign;cede

让与的利益benefitofcession

让与权benefitofcessioni

设定义务的规则ruleofimposingduty

设立、变更、终止民事关系:

establish,changeorterminatecivilrelationship

所有权ownership

书面合同awrittencontract

双倍返还定金:

repaythedepositindouble

双方法律行为bilaterallegaltransaction

擅自变更或者解除(民事法律行为):

alterorrescindone’sactarbitrarily

他物权rightoverthepropertyofanother

提供一定的财产作为抵押物:

offeraspecificpropertyasapledge

违反合同breachofcontract

委托代理:

entrustedagency

委托代理人:

anentrustedagent

无过错责任liabilitywithoutnegligence

无民事行为能力人:

apersonhavingnocapacityforcivilconduct

无因管理:

actasmanagerorprovideservicesinordertoprotectanotherperson’sinterestswhenheisnotlegallyorcontractuallyobligatedtodoso

下落不明one’swhereaboutshavebeenunknown

限制民事行为能力人:

apersonwithlimitedcapacityforcivilconduct

享有连带权利的每个债权人:

eachofthejointcreditors

行使代理权:

exercisethepowerofagency

宣告为无(限制)民事行为能力人:

declare…tobeapersontobewithoutorwithlimitedcapacityforcivilconduct

遗失物、漂流物:

lost-and-foundobjects,flotsam

以抵押物折价或者以变卖抵押物的价款优先得到偿还:

tokeepthepledgetooffsetthedebtorhavepriorityinsatisfyinghisclaimoutoftheproceedsfromthesaleofthepledge

以合法形式掩盖非法目的:

performundertheguiseoflegitimateactswhichconcealillegitimatepurposes

以欺诈、胁迫的手段:

asaresultofcheatingorcoercion

意思表示showone’sintention

意思表示真实:

theintentionexpressedisgenuine

优先购买的权利:

arightofpre-emption

优先权priority,preemptiveright

有过错的一方:

theerringparty

有连带责任的conjunctlyandseverally

有权向债务人追偿:

havetherighttoclaimrepaymentfromthedebto

造成财产损失:

causeanypropertyloss

责任能力capacityforresponsibility

责任年龄capacityofresponsibility;yearofdiscretion

债的标的objectofobligation

债的发生creationofobligation

债的消灭extinctionofobligation

占有人有权留置该财产:

thepossessorshallhavealienontheproperty

指定代理:

appointedagency

执行合同carryoutacontract,?

?

execute/implement/fulfill/performacontract

主要办事机构:

themainadministrativeoffice

追偿:

claimcompensationfrom

住所:

domicile

刑法学和行政法学专业词汇

帮助当事人毁灭、伪造证据罪crimeofaidingaclienttodestroyorforgeevidence

绑架妇女儿童罪crimeofkidnappingwomenandchildren

包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织罪crimeofharboringamafia-stylesyndicate

包庇毒品犯罪分子罪crimeofharboringdrugcriminals

报复陷害罪caseofretaliationandframe-ups

必要共同犯罪indispensablejointcrime

并科原则doctrineofcumulatingpunishments

剥夺权利deprivalofrights

不能犯impossibility;unrealizedoffense

参加恐怖活动组织罪crimeoftakingpartinanorganizationengagedinterroristactivities

超越管辖权excessofjurisdiction

超越职权范围overstepone’sauthority

惩办和宽大相结合combinepunishmentwithleniency

惩办少数、改造多数的原则principleofpunishingthefewandreformingthemany

惩罚措施punitivemeasure

惩罚性制裁punitivesanction

惩罚与教育相结合combinationofpunishmentandeducation

处以刑罚inflictpunishment

处以有期徒刑sentencetofixed-termimprisonment

触犯法律breakthelaw;violatethelaw

抽逃出资罪crimeofflightofcapitalcontribution

抽象行政行为abstractadministrativeact

出口骗税犯罪活动criminalactivitiesofcheatingoutoftaxrebatesinexport

出售伪造发票罪crimeofsellingcounterfeitcurrency

出于对法律的无知fromignoranceoflaw

出于恶意frommalevolence

从轻处罚giealesserpunishment

从重处罚giveasevererpunishment

单位受贿罪crimeofbribetakenbyaunit

单一犯罪构成singleconstitutionofcrime

盗伐林木罪crimeofillegallychoppingdowntrees;crimeofillegallyfellingtrees

盗窃、抢夺枪支、弹药、爆炸物罪crimeofstealingorseizingguns,ammunitionorexplosives

盗窃犯theftact;larcenist

渎职犯罪案件caseofderelictionofduty

对象不能犯objectimpossibility

多次作案repeatedlycommitcrimes

罚不当罪punishmentdoesnotfitthecrime

犯意criminalintent;mensreal

犯罪低龄化loweringagesofcriminaloffenders

犯罪动机criminalmotive

犯罪构成constitutionofacrime;constitutiveelementsofacrime

犯罪构成要件specialconstitutiveelementsofcrime

犯罪故意criminalintent;guiltyintent;measrea

犯罪集团criminalgang;criminalgroup

犯罪客观要件objectivecircumstancesofacrime

犯罪客体criminalobject;objectofacrime

犯罪实行终了completionofacriminalact

犯罪学criminology

犯罪预防crimeprevention

犯罪中止discontinuanceofcrime;desistanceofcrime

犯罪主观方面要素subjectiveelementsofcrime

犯罪主体subjectofcrime

犯罪着手initiateacrime

犯罪组织criminalorganization

贩卖毒品罪drugoffense;crimeofdrugtrafficking

防卫过当unjustifiableself-defense

防卫挑拨instigationofdefense;provocationofdefense

防卫限度limitofdefense

防止类似事件重演preventtherecurrenceofsimilarincidents

妨碍公务罪crimeofdisruptingpublicservice

妨害公共安全罪crimeofimpairingpublicsecurity

放弃权利withdrawaclaim;waivearight

非法持、私藏枪支、弹药罪crimeofillegallyholdingorhidingafirearmorammunition

非法持有毒品罪crimeofillegallyholdingdrugs

非法干涉illegalintervention

非法干预unlawfulinterference

非法出售增值税专用发票罪crimeofillegalsellinginvoiceforexclusiveuseofVAT

非法活动unlawfulactivities

非法利益unlawfulinterests

非法手段illegal

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