高考英语试题全国卷一答案.docx

高考英语试题全国卷一答案.docx

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高考英语试题全国卷一答案

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2018年高考英语全国卷I（含答案）

（考试时间100分钟满分：

120分）

第一部分、听力（略）

第二部分、阅读理解（满分40分）

第一节（共15小题:

每小题2分,满分30分）

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

Washington,D.CBicycleTours

CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

Duration:

3hours

Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworldfamouscherry

treeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington，D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistory

lessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyour

spotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms-disappear！

WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

Duration:

3hours（4miles）

JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,

D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.

CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C

Duration:

3hours

MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstories

aboutPresidents，Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute（路线）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.

WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour

Duration:

3hours（7miles）

JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingas

yourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.

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21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?

A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.

C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C

D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.

22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?

A.Meetfamouspeople.B.Gotoanationalpark.

C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.D.Enjoyinterestingstories.

23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide？

A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safetylights.

B

GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaevery

morning，butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshow

topreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget。

InSaveMoney:

GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththe

helpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparing

recipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersays

she'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'slearntintopracticeinherownhome,

preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.

“WeloveMexicanchurrossoIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeaway

restaurant,"sheexplains."Ipay￡5foraportion（份），butMattmakesthemfor

26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuy

takeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfood

ourselves.”

Theeight-partseries（系列节目）,Savemoney:

GoodFood,followsinthefootsteps

ofITV'sSaveMoney：

GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvalue

fromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewith

adifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidof

afamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthe

family'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

24.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid？

A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.

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C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadatightbudgetfor

herfamily.

25.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusannaA.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.

B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.

D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesfor

her.

26.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4？

A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthe

readers.

C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D:

Introduceanewtopicfor

discussion.

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB.BalancingOurDailyDiet

C.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD.CookingWellforLess

C

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimes

therehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulated

byhunter-gatherers，small，tightlyknit（联系）groupsdevelopedtheirownpatterns

ofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000years

ago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000

languagesbetweenthem.

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,

andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,

trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadof

universalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunications

inthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,

anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish，SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytaking

over.

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionofthese

languagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfew

languages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehotwetzoneshavelots,oftenspoken

bysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;

Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuinea

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aloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber（中位数）ofspeakersismere6,000,

whichthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.

Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction

（消亡）,withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon

（eightremainingspeakers）,ChiapanecoinMexico（150）,LipanApacheintheUnited

States（twoorthree）orWadjiguinAustralia（one,withaquestion-mark）:

noneof

theseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.

28.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?

A.TheydevelopedveryfastB.Theywerelargeinnumber

C.TheyhadsimilarpatternsD.Theywerecloselyconnected

29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"dominant"underlinedinparagraph2？

A.ComplexB.AdvancedC.Powerful.D.Modern

30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent？

A.About6,800B.About3,400C.About2,400D.About1,200

31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext？

A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.

B.People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.

C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.

D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.

D

Wemaythinkwe’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirst

sightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourold

devices（装置）wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That’sbadnewsfortheenvironment-

andourwallets-astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythanthenewer

onesthatdothesamethings.

Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandher

colleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedthe

environmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife-fromwhenitsminerals

areminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhow

homeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearly1990s.Devicesweregroupedbygeneration.

Desktopcomputers，basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.Digital

camerasarrivedonthescenein1997.AndWP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVs

enteredhomesin2002，beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.

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Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones."The

living-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids’room,andsuddenly

oneday，youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,”saidoneresearcher.Theaverage

numberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.

We’renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices-Wecontinuetousethem.Accordingto

theanalysisofBabbitt'steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderay

tubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributionto

greenhousegasemissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.

Sowhat'sthesolution（解决方案）?

Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007，but

theresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproducts

withnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforword

processingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingon

tabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergyconsumptionby44%.

32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofnewdevices?

A.Theyareenvironment-friendly.B.Theyarenobetterthantheold.

C.Theycostmoretouseathome.D.Theygooutofstylequickly.

33.WhydidBabbitt'steamconducttheresearch?

A.Toreducethecostofminerals.

B.Totestthelifecycleofaproduct.

C.Toupdateconsumersonnewtechnology.

D.Tofindoutelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.

34.Whichofthefollowingusestheleastenergy?

A.Thebox-setTV.B.Thetablet.C.TheLCDTV.D.Thedesktopcomputer.

35.Whatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?

A.StopusingthemB.T