高三暑假精品经典讲义 第八讲七选五中语境暗示题和逻辑推理题.docx

高三暑假精品经典讲义 第八讲七选五中语境暗示题和逻辑推理题.docx

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高三暑假精品经典讲义第八讲七选五中语境暗示题和逻辑推理题

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第八讲七选五中语境暗示题和逻辑推理题

教学目标

准确利用上下文对语境暗示题和逻辑推理题做出选择

教学重点与难点

理解句子间的并列、转折、因果等关系，通过句子之间的逻辑关系来判断出正确选项

一．语境暗示题技巧讲解：

在七选五阅读的选项中，有的选项虽然在文中没有关键性原词的复现，但是文中有类似的词语或者有解释性的词语或句子存在，或有某种明显的标志性词语暗示选项与上下文有关联，像这样的设题类型就叫语境暗示题。

解答语境暗示题时，一定要仔细阅读空前或空后的句子，解题依据往往蕴含其中。

如：

Changeisscary. Itisastepintotheunknown.Itcangohandinhandwiththefearthatwemighthurtsomeoneelseifwethinkaboutourselves.Thetruthisthatyou’resomuchmorecourageousthanyougiveyourselfcreditforandfarstrongerthanyourealize.Herearesomewaysthatyoucanusetohelpyourselfmaketheprocessofcreatingchangemoremanageable.

Makechangeintosmallbitesizepieces.   　1　Rememberthataslongasyouattempttotakeregularpracticetowardsyourgoal,suchaseatingmorehealthilyeveryday,orwalkingtwentyminutesaday,you’reheadingintherightdirectiontomakechanges.

Formahabitofkeepingadiaryeveryday.Writingajournaleverynightbeforegoingtobedcaneffectivelyhelpyoucopewiththeemotionalimpactofthechangeprocess.Gotograbapenorpencilandrememberajournalisnotforbeingneatandtidywithgoodspelling.   　2　.

A.Nooneelseisgoingtolikeyourchanges.

B.Don’ttrytoeattheelephantinonesitting.

C.It’saprivateplacewhereyoucanspeakoutyourinnerthoughts.

1。

B分析：

前一句说的是要为零，要把变化转变为、数片断。

B选项的“不要设法一口吃下一只大象”是对前一句话更加形象的解释。

故选B

2.C分析：

该句中的speakoutyourinnerthoughts“表达你的内心想法”是对上文中的dealwiththeemotionalimpact“处理情绪的影响”的一种具体阐述，因此选C正确。

实战演练：

A

Urbanization

Untilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedandwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago.  1   Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural（乡村的）villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory—asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving.

   Britainwasonlythebeginning.  2   Theprocessofurbanization—themigration（迁移）ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernization,Whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.

   In1990,fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.  3 

   Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties,ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities.  4   Untilmoderntimes,thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite（精英）andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedanhbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity.

   Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry.  5   Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers.

A.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.

B.Therestliveinsmalltowns.

C.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.

D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecameurbansocieties.

E.Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.

F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.

G.Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.

B

Business is organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want. The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services. Most businesses seek to make a profit（利润） — that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.  71  Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.  72 

    Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning, direction, and control of the operations of a business.  73  One is the establishment（制定） of broad basic policies with respect to production sales; the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies; and accounting.  74  The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments. Direction is concerned primarily with supervision（监管） and guidance by the management in authority.  75 

A:

Controlincludestheuseofrecordsandreportstocompareactualworkwiththesetstandardsforwork.

B:

Inthisconnectionthereisthedifferencebetweentopmanagementandoperativemanagement.

C:

Examplesofnonprofitbusinessincludesuchorganizationsassocialserviceagenciesandmanyhospitals.

D:

However,somebusinessesonlyseektoearnenoughtocovertheiroperatingcosts.

E:

Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.

F:

Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement,organizationhastwomainaspects.

G:

Planninginbusinessmanagementhasthreemainaspects.

C

Whatisabigdream（71） Or,isabigdreamsomethingthatprovidesonlyentertainmentChildrendreambigdreams,buttherearethreebarrierstorealizingdreams.Theyoftenkillthembeforetheyeverhaveachancetogrow.

TheSelf

Immediatelyfollowingthebirthofabigdream,anegativeself-talktakesoverandgivesallthereasonswhyitcannothappen.Thisinsidevoiceistheego（自我）.It’sthereforprotectingandshouldbelistenedto.（72） Mostpeopleareinfluencedbytheinsidevoice.That’swhyonlyahandfulofpeoplemaketheirdreamcometrue.

（73）

Familyandfriendsarealotliketheego.Theywanttoprotectthosetheylove,sotheywilloftenlistallthereasonswhythebigdreamswon’tcometrue.Sometimes,familyandfriendsdestroydreamsofthosetheylovemost,outoftheirownfearofbeingleftbehind.

TheWorld

Ifonegetspastthefirsttwobarriers,onehastofacetheworld.（74） Inthepast,bigdreamerswerelockedupandsometimesevenkilledwhentheywereshowntotheworld.Fortunately,inmostoftheworldtoday,bigdreamersjustgetlaughedat.

Thewaytorealizeabigdreamiswithconfidenceandaction.Whenchildrenhaveconfidenceandthentakeaction,theywillbereadytoacceptanyfailure.Thetruthisthateverygreatdreamerwhosedreamshaveneverseenthelightofsuccessknowsfailurewell.（75）

A.     FamilyandFriends

B.      HowBigDreamsDie

C.      Doesabigdreamshowone’sfuture

D.     Theysimplyfailuntiltheysucceed.

E.      Itisthelastandthemostterriblebarrier.

F.       Sometimesitisright,butmoreoftenitiswrong.

G.     Andtheirbigdreamistobearockstarorafamousartist.

D

 Trainingforamarathonrequirescarefulpreparationandsteady,gradualincreasesinthelengthoftheruns.  61  ,buythebest-fiting,best-builtrunningshoesyoucanfind.Noonecansaywhichbrandwillworkbestforyouorfeelbestonyourfeet,soyouhavetorelyonyourexperienceandonthefeelofeachpairasyoushop.Whenyouhavefoundshoesthatseemright,walkinthemforafewdaystodouble-checkthefit.  62  ,Asalways,youshouldstretch（伸展）atleasttenminutesbeforeeachruntopreventinjuries.

   Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance,butrunfiveminuteslongereachday.  63  ,itiswisetotakeadayofftorest.Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.  64  .Aftertwoweeks,starttimingyourself.  65  .Dependingonthekindofraceyouplantoenter,youcansetupatimetablefortheremainingweeksbeforetherace.

A.Aftersixdays

B.Foragoodmarathonrunner

C.Beforeyoubeginyourtraining

D.Witheachday,increasethedistancebyahalfmile

E.Iftheystillfeelgood,youcanbeginrunninginthem

F.Timespentforpreparationraisesthequalityoftraining

G.Nowyouarereadytofigureoutagoalofimprovingdistanceandtime

E

Howtocommunicatebetter

   Eachoneofusmustrelyoncommunicatinginordertoliveinthisworld.

   Sometimescommunicationiseasyandourdealingsareinharmonywithothers.   36 Therearetimeswhenourwordsarecompletelymisunderstood.However,youcanincreaseyourcommunicationskills.Thesesimpletechniquescanbeappliedtoeverysituationtohelpyoualongyourpath.

   1．_37  Peoplecanthinkfarfasterthanyoucantalk.Ifyouwantsomeonetoagreewithwhatyouaresaying,nodyourheadslightlyupanddown.Thissimplebodylanguagewillencouragewhomeveryouarespeakingwithtoagreewithyou!

   2. Berespectfulofspace. Everyonehasaspatialrequirement.    38    Youknowpeoplewhoareclosetalkers?

Thesetypesofconversationsmakesomepeoplewanttojumpoutoftheirskin. Keepthisinmind,especiallyifyou'veeatengarlicoronionsforlunch!

   3.Smile. Smilingwillnotonlymakeyoufeelbetter,butalsowhomeveryouarespeakingWith.Youcanalsosmilewithyoureyes.     39   Butthebenefitsoflearninghowtoeyesmilecanproducecommunicationcandy!

   4.Useafirmhandshake. Whenyoufirstmeetsomeone,besuretoshakehishandfirmlyandlookdirectlyintohiseyes.Thereisnothingworsethanreceivingaweakhandshakefromsomeone.

   Therearemanywayswecanimproveourcommunicationskills.Hopefullythesetipswillhaveyouonyourwaytobecomingbetterathowyoucommunicatewithothers.Alsokeepinmindwhatoureldershavetaughtus,"Ifyoudon'thaveanythinggoodtosay,don'tsayanythingatall.” 40 

A．Tapyourthroat.                

B．  B．Nodyourhead.

C．Yet,thisisnotalwaysthecase.     

D． D.Thistakespractice.

   E.Don'tstandtooclosetosomeonewhenyouarespeakingwithhim.

   F.Thiswillhelpyous