供给与市场均衡.docx
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供给与市场均衡
2009EconomicsSubjectTest
PartI.MultipleChoice（30questions,60pointsintotal）
ChooseonlyONEbestanswer.
1
E
2
D
3
E
4
B
5
B
6
B
7
D
8
C
9
C
10
A
11
D
12
A
13
C
14
D
15
D
16
D
17
C
18
B
19
A
20
C
21
D
22
B
23
A
24
D
25
C
26
A
27
B
28
D
29
D
30
C
1.Anincreaseinthequantitydemandedcouldbecausedby:
a.anincreaseinthepriceofsubstitutegoods
b.adecreaseinthepriceofcomplementarygoods
c.anincreaseinconsumerincomelevels
d.alloftheabove
e.noneoftheabove
ANS:
E
需求
2.Theabovefigureillustratesthelabormarketforlocalfastfoodrestaurants.Whatwouldbetheeffectsofaminimumwageimposedat$4perhour?
a.ashortageof200hours
b.ashortageof100hours
c.asurplusof200hours
d.nothingbecausetheminimumwagehasnoeffectontheequilibriumpriceandquantity.
ANS:
D
供給與市場均衡
3.Intheelectricpowerindustry,residentialcustomershaverelatively__________demandsforelectricitycomparedwithlargeindustrialusersandgenerallyarecharged__________rates.
a.similar,similar
b.elastic,lower
c.elastic,higher
d.inelastic,lower
e.inelastic,higher
ANS:
E
供需彈性
4.Thefactthatthefourthplatefromthe“AllYouCanEatCountryBuffet”generatedmoresatisfactionthanthefifthplateisanexampleof
a.increasingmarginalutility.
b.diminishingmarginalutility.
c.diminishingtotalutility.
d.the“paradoxofvalue.”
e.noneoftheabove
ANS:
B
消費者選擇
5.Whenthewagerateincreasesfrom$5.00to$7.50perhour,Bobworksmorehoursbecause
a.hisincomeeffectoutweighshissubstitutioneffect.
b.hissubstitutioneffectoutweighshisincomeeffect.
c.hisincomeandsubstitutioneffectsoffseteachotherexactlyandhisdemandforlaborincreases.
d.hisincomeandsubstitutioneffectsoffseteachotherexactlyandhissupplyoflaborincreases.
ANS:
B
消費者選擇
6.Forashort-runcostfunctionwhichofthefollowingstatementsis（are）nottrue?
a.Theaveragefixedcostfunctionismonotonicallydecreasing.
b.Themarginalcostfunctionintersectstheaveragefixedcostfunctionwheretheaveragevariablecostfunctionisaminimum.
c.Themarginalcostfunctionintersectstheaveragevariablecostfunctionwheretheaveragevariablecostfunctionisaminimum.
d.Themarginalcostfunctionintersectstheaveragetotalcostfunctionwheretheaveragetotalcostfunctionisaminimum.
e.bandc
ANS:
B
生產理論與成本分析
7.Thefigureshowsthemarketforbooksbeforeandafterasalestaxisintroduced.Thetaxonbooksis____abook,buyerspay____oftaxperbook,andthegovernmentstaxrevenueis____aweek.
a.$1.20;$0.80;$4
b.$0.80;$1.20;$12
c.$0.40;$0.40;$4
d.$1.20;$0.80;$12
ANS:
D
供給與市場均衡
8.Ifpriceexceedsaveragecostsunderpurecompetition,morefirmswill______theindustry,supplywill__________,andpricewillbedriven__________.
a.enter;decrease;down
b.exit;decrease;up
c.enter;increase;down
d.exit;increase;up
e.noneoftheabove
ANS:
C
完全競爭市場
9.Ahotdogvendoronastreetcornerwantstoincreasethetotalrevenuefromsellinghotdogs.Thepriceelasticityofdemandforthehotdogsis1.1.Hencethevendorwill
a.raisethepriceofahotdogashighaspossible.
b.dowhateverittakestosellasmanymorehotdogsaspossible.
c.lowerthepriceofahotdog.
d.workhardertoreducethecostsofproduction.
ANS:
C
供需彈性
10.Forgoodsandservicesthatareperfectsubstitutes,theconsumer’sindifferencecurvesare____lines.
a.straight,negativelysloped
b.L-shaped
c.negativelysloped,bowed-outward
d.negativelysloped,bowed-inward
ANS:
A
消費者選擇
11.Theaverageproductoflaborreachesitsmaximum
a.attheminimumpointofthetotalproductcurve.
b.wheretheslopeoftotalproductcurveissteepest.
c.wheretheslopeofthetotalproductcurveiszero.
d.wheremarginalandaverageproductareequal.
ANS:
D
生產理論與成本分析
12.Thedemandcurveforanormalgoodshiftsleftwardifincome________ortheexpectedfutureprice________.
a.decreases;falls
b.decreases;rises
c.increases;falls
d.increases;rises
ANS:
A
需求
13.Inperfectcompetition,themarginalrevenueofanindividualfirm
a.iszero.
b.ispositivebutlessthanthepriceoftheproduct.
c.equalsthepriceoftheproduct.
d.exceedsthepriceoftheproduct.
ANS:
C
完全競爭市場
14.WhichofthefollowingisALWAYStrueforasingle-pricemonopolistinequilibrium?
a.P>MC
b.P>MR
c.MR=MC
d.alloftheabove
e.noneoftheabove
ANS:
D
獨占與寡占市場
15.WhichofthefollowingisFALSEregardingthelongrunforafirminmonopolisticcompetition?
a.Thefirmscanearnaneconomicprofitbecauseofproductdifferentiation.
b.Marginalcostequalsaveragetotalcost.
c.Outputisproducedatminimumaveragetotalcost.
d.alloftheabove
e.noneoftheabove
ANS:
D
獨占與寡占市場
16.Trinkets,Inc.,animporterofbrassitems,begantheyearwithaninventoryworth$20million.Atthecloseoftheyear,thevalueoftheirinventorywas$24million.Ifallelsewasunchanged,wecanconcludethat
exportsincreasedby$4million.
b.investmentexpendituresdecreasedby$4million.
exportsdidnotchange.
d.investmentexpendituresincreasedby$4million.
e.noneoftheabove
ANS:
D
國民所得的衡量
17.Iftheeconomyisatthenaturalrateofunemployment,
a.realGDP>potentialGDP.
b.realGDPc.realGDP=potentialGDP.
d.Alloftheabovecanoccurwhentheeconomyisatthenaturalrateofunemployment
ANS:
C
失業與通貨膨脹
18.Thecapitalstock____depreciationand____investment.
a.increasesbecauseof;isunaffectedby
b.decreasesbecauseof;increasesbecauseof
c.isunaffectedby;isunaffectedby
d.increasesbecauseof;decreasesbecauseof
ANS:
B
國民所得的衡量
19.ThelargestcomponentofGDPintheexpendituresapproachis
a.personalconsumptionexpenditures.
b.grossprivatedomesticinvestment.
c.governmentspendingongoodsandservices.
exports.
e.noneoftheabove
ANS:
A
國民所得的衡量
20.SupposetheworkingagepopulationinTinyTownis100people.If25ofthesepeopleareNOTinthelaborforce,the________equals________.
a.unemploymentrate;25/100×100
b.unemploymentrate;25/75×100
c.laborforce;75
d.laborforce;25/100×100
ANS:
C
失業與通貨膨脹
21.Therealwageraterisesifthemoneywagerate________.
a.andthepricelevelchangebythesameproportion
b.risesandthepricelevelrisesbythesamepercentage
c.risesmoreslowlythanthepricelevel
d.risesmorerapidlythanthepricelevel
ANS:
D
失業與通貨膨脹
22.Thenaturalrateofunemployment
a.fallswithanincreaseincyclicalunemployment.
b.riseswithanincreaseinstructuralunemployment.
c.riseswithanincreaseincyclicalunemployment.
d.riseswithadecreaseinfrictionalunemployment.
ANS:
B
失業與通貨膨脹
23.SupposethattheMPC=0.75andtherearenotaxesorimports.Thena$100decreaseinautonomousspendingcausesequilibriumexpenditureto
a.decreaseby$400.
b.increaseby$400.
c.decreaseby$750.
d.increaseby$750.
e.noneoftheabove
ANS:
A
支出乘數
24.Whichofthefollowingwillaffectthesizeofthemultiplier?
I.marginalpropensitytoimport
II.marginalpropensitytoconsume
III.marginalincometaxrate
a.Ionly
b.IIonly
c.IandIIonly
d.I,II,andIII
ANS:
D
支出乘數
25.MeasuresofFedpolicyactivityinclude
I.Thebudgetdeficitorsurplus.
II.Thefederalfundsrate.
III.ThegrowthrateofM2.
a.IandII.
b.IandIII.
c.IIandIII.
d.I,II,andIII.
ANS:
C
總合供需模型
26.Intheabovefigure,atthepricelevelof140andrealGDPof
a.$12trillion,firmswillnotbeabletosellalltheiroutput.
b.$4trillion,firmswillnotbeabletosellalltheiroutput.
c.$4trillion,consumerswillnotbeabletobuyallthegoodsandservicestheydemand.
d.$12trillion,consumerswillnotbeabletobuyallthegoodsandservicestheydemand.
ANS:
A
總合供需模型
27.Basedonthefigureabove,short-runequilibriumoccursatthepricelevelof
a.120andrealGDPof$4trillion.
b.130andrealGDPof$8trillion.
c.140andrealGDPof$12trillion.
d.130andrealGDPof$12trillion.
ANS:
B
總合供需模型
28.Basedonthefigureabove,theeconomywillbeinalong-runmacroeconomicequilibriumatapricelevelof
a.90
b.100
c.110
d.120
e.noneoftheabove
ANS:
D
總合供需模型
29.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthelong-runaggregatesupplycurve?
a.ItisverticalatthelevelofpotentialGDP.
b.ItshowstherelationshipbetweenthepricelevelandrealGDPwhenwagesandothercostsareatanequilibriumlevel.
c.Itdoesnotshiftinresponsetotemporarychangesinaggregatedemand.
d.alloftheabove
e.noneoftheabove
ANS:
D
總合供需模型
30.Whenthequantityofcapitalincreases,thenthe
a.LAScurveshiftsrightwardandtheSAScurvedoesnotshift.
b.SAScurveshiftsrightwardandtheLAScurvedoesnotshift.
c.SAScurveshiftsrightwardandtheLAScurveshiftsrightward.
d.SAScurveshiftsrightwardandtheLAScurvedoesshiftsleftward.
ANS:
C
總合供需模型
PartII.EssayQuestions（4questions,10pointseach,40pointsintotal）
Writeyouranswerinthepaperprovided.Showyourcalculationsandjustificationstoyouranswer（pointsareinbracketsafterthequestion）.
1.Becausebagelsandcreamcheeseareofteneatentogether,theyarecomplements.
Weobservethatboththeequilibriumpriceofcreamcheeseandtheequilibriumquantityofbagelshaverisen.Whatcouldberesponsibleforthispattern–afallinthepriceofflourorafallinthepriceofmilk?
Illustrateandexplainyouranswer.（note:
flourisaningredientinbagels,andmilkisaningredientincreamcheese.）
Answer:
afallinthepriceofflour.
供給與市場均衡
2.Assumethatthemarketforcardboardisperfectlycompetitive.Ineachofthefollowingscenar
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