高考高三英语二轮复习专题训练阅读理解.docx
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高考高三英语二轮复习专题训练阅读理解
高考高三英语二轮复习专题训练:
阅读理解(3)Word版(附参考答案)
1.阅读下列短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
FormerIrishPresidentMaryRobinsonwasjustmakingapoliteconversationwithanEthiopian(埃塞俄比亚的)teenageraboutherweddingday.The16-year-oldhadalreadybeenmarriedforayear."Shelookedatmewiththesaddesteyesandsaid,'Ihadtodropoutofschool,'"Robinsonsaidinatelephoneinterview."Thatconveyedtomethereality,"saidRobinson,thefirstwomantoserveasIreland'spresidentandformerU.N.highcommissionerforhumanrights."Herlife,asfarassheisconcerned,hadmoreorlessended."
Robinsonsaidkeepinggirlsinschoolwasoneofthemostimportantthingspolicymakerscoulddotoaddressthecomingchallengesofanever-increasingpopulation,predictedbytheUnitedNationstoreach7billionsoon."EuropeancountriesareconcernedaboutagingpopulationsasisJapan,butthisismuchlessofanissuethanthehugenumberofpeoplewhichwearegoingtoseeoverthenext40yearswhenthepopulationgoesfrom7billionto9billion,"shesaid."Almostallofthatincreasewillbeinpoordevelopingcountries,sothatwehaveaverybigchallenge."
Familyplanningexpertsworryinparticularaboutthefuturepopulationexplosioninsub-SaharanAfrica.InMay,theUnitedNationsprojectedtheworldpopulationwouldreach9.3billionin2050and10.1billionby2100.MuchofthatgrowthwillcomefromAfrica,wherethepopulationisgrowingat2.3percentayear—morethandoubleAsia's1percentgrowthrate.Ifthatratestaysconsistent,whichisnotcertain,Africa'spopulationwillreach3.6billionby2100fromthepresent1billion.
JoelCohen,aprofessorofpopulationstudiesatRockefellerUniversityandColumbiaUniversityinNewYork,saiduniversalsecondaryeducationofferedawaytoreducepopulationinhighbirth-rateregions.Inadditiontoprovidinginformationaboutbirthcontrol,asecondaryeducationteacheswomentoreducetheirownfertility(生育力),improvethehealthoftheirchildrenandallowsthemtomovefromamind-setofhavingmanychildren,inthehopesthatsomewillsurvivetoimprovingthequalityofeachchild'slife,CohenwroteinthejournalNature.
59.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorintroduceshistopicby_____.
A.explainingtheauthor'sopinionsB.givinganexample
C.describingthepooreducationsystemD.comingstraighttothetopic
60.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A.RobinsonishappyaftertalkingtotheEthiopiangirl.
B.Robinsonisasuccessfulexpertinpopulationstudies.
C.Robinsonisworriedaboutpopulationgrowth.
D.Robinsonencouragesfemaleeducation.
61.WhatisJoelCohen'sviewaboutsecondaryeducation?
A.Itprovidesbasicknowledgeofhealth.
B.Itimprovesthehealthofchildren.
C.Itmakespeoplepaymoreattentiontoeducation.
D.Itcanchangepeople'sparentingideas.
62.Accordingtothepassage,themostimportantwaytocontrolhighpopulationgrowthis.
A.keepinggirlsinschoolB.lettinggirlsgoawayfromAfrica
C.lettingyounggirlsremainsingleD.keepinggirlsinfamilies
2.阅读下列短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Risinglevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereareamajorcauseofclimatechange,andnowanewstudyhasconfirmedthatatmosphericCO2isalsoaffectingtheoceanchemistryandpotentiallyharmingsealife.
MontanaStateUniversityscientistRobertDorehasbeenresearchingthewaterinthePacificOceanforalmosttwodecades.“We'vebeengoingtothesamespotinthePacificOcean,andwetryandcharacterizelong-termchangeintheopenoceanenvironment.AndoneofthekeythingsthatwemeasureisCO2levels.Andwe'vebeenabletorecordthisincreasingquantityofatmosphericCO2intotheocean.”
ScientistsexpectedthatasatmosphericCO2increased,moreandmoreofthecarbondioxidewouldbeabsorbedintotheocean,affectingthechemicalbalanceoftheseawater,withapotentiallyharmfulimpactonshellfishandcoralinparticular.
"Ascarbondioxidedissolvesinthewater,orseawaterinthiscase,itformsaweakacid,carbonicacid,"Doreexplains."Andtherefore,astheconcentrationofCO2intheatmospheregoesupandthatexchangeswiththesurfaceseawater,itdrivesthePHdown,andmakesitmoreacidic."
TheseawatersamplesDoreandhiscolleagueshaveanalyzedconfirmwhatthetheorypredicts.
Theeffectwasparticularstrikingatabout250metersdown,andagainat500meters.Doreandhiscolleaguescameupwithtwopossibleexplanations.ItcouldbethatsurfacewaterpickedupCO2andthenmovedtothosedepths.Ortherecouldbeabiologicalexplanation.
"It'simportanttorealizethattheoceansarereallybecomingacidic.Anditcanhavenegativeimpactsonawholevarietyofsealifefromfishtocoral.It'spotentiallycatastrophic."
55.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A.SeaLifeFacingDangerB.ScientistResearchingSeawater
C.OceansBecomingMoreAcidicD.ClimateChangeAffectingSeawater
56.WiththeincreaseofatmosphericCO2,__________.
A.morecoralswillappearinthesea
B.thesurfacewaterisbecomingwarmer
C.thechemicalbalanceoftheseawaterisaffected
D.thePHoftheoceanoutherehasbeenincreasing
57.WhichofthefollowingshowstheprocessoftheimpactofatmosphericCO2onsealife?
a.Sealifeisendangered.
b.CO2goesintothesurfacewater.
c.Theoceanchemistryisaffected.
d.CO2decreasesthePHandmakestheseawatermoreacidic.
e.CO2levelsintheatmospheregoup.
58.ScientistRobertDorecametotheconclusionbasedon__________.
A.hisresearchandanalysisB.theexpectationofotherscientists
C.someformertheoryD.amajorcauseofclimatechange
3.阅读下列短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
IhaveafriendnamedMontyRoberts.Hehasletmeusehishorseranch(养马场)toputoneventstoraisemoneyforYouth-at-RiskPrograms.
LasttimeIwasthereheintroducedmebysaying,"IwanttotellyouwhyIletyouusemyhouse.Itallgoesbacktoastoryaboutayoungmanwhowasthesonofahorsetrainer.Whenhewasasenior,hewasaskedtowriteapaperaboutwhathewantedtobewhenhegrewup."
“Thatnighthewroteaseven-pagepaperdescribinghisgoalofowningahorseranchsomeday.Heputallhisheartintotheprojectandwroteabouthisdreamingreatdetail.Heevendrewadiagramofa200-acreranch,showingthelocationofthebuildings,stablesandthetrack,andevenadetailedfloorplanfora4,000-square-foothouseonit.”
“Thenextday,hehandeditintohisteacher.Twodayslater,hereceivedalargered‘F'onhispaperwithanote,‘Seemeafterclass.'Theboywenttoseetheteacherandaskedwhy.Theteachertoldhimtherewasnowayforayoungboylikehimtodothatbecauseowningahorseranchrequiredmuchmoneyandresources,andthenadded‘Ifyou’llrewritehispaperwithanothergoal,Iwillreconsideryourgrade.’”
“Theboywenthomeandthoughtaboutitlongandhard.Heaskedhisfatherwhattodo.Hisfathersaid,‘Look,son,youhavetomakeupyourownmindonthis.However,Ithinkit’saveryimportantdecisionforyou.’”
“Finally,aweeklater,theboyturnedinthesamepaperwithoutanychangeandstated,‘YoucankeeptheF,andIwillnever.’”
“Itellyouthisstorybecauseyouaresittinginmy4,000-square-foothouseinthemiddleofmy200-acrehorseranch.Istillhavethatschoolpaperoverthefireplace.”
"Don’tletanyonestealyourdreams.Followyourheart,nomatterwhat."
51.Theteachergavetheboyan“F”becausetheteacherthought__________.
A.hedidn’tdoagoodjobinhisstudies
B.hecamefromahorsetrainer’sfamily
C.hedescribedanunpracticalgoalinhispaper
D.noyoungboysdesiredtopossessahorseranch
52.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat__________.
A.theboywasveryinterestedintraininghorses
B.theboyattachedgreatimportancetohisgrade
C.theboy'sfatherwasnotinfavorofhisdecision
D.theboysucceededinturninghisdreamintoreality
53.MontyRobertstoldthestorymainlyto__________.
A.showpeoplehowtoownahorseranch
B.tellpeoplehowtodescribetheirgoals
C.encouragepeopletosticktotheirdreams
D.helpthewriterraisemoneyfortheprogram
54.Fromthestorywecaninfertheboywasactually__________.
A.theauthorhimselfB.MontyhimselfC.Monty’sfriendD.theteacher
4.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatbeingrandomly(随机地)assignedtoaroommateofanotherracecanleadtoincreasedtolerancebutalsotoagreaterlikelihood(可能性)ofconflict.
Recentreportsfoundthatlodgingwithastudentofadifferentracemaydecreaseprejudiceandforcestudentstoengageinmoreethnicallydiversefriendships.
AnOhioStateUniversitystudyalsofoundthatblackstudentslivingwithawhiteroommatesawhigheracademicsuccessthroughouttheircollegecareers.Researchersbelievethismaybecausedbysocialpressure.
InaNewYorkTimesarticle,SamBoakye–theonlyblackstudentonhisfreshmanyearfloor-saidthat"ifyou'resurroundedbywhites,youhavesomethingtoprove."
Researchersalsoobservedproblemsresultingfrompairinginterracialstudentsinresidences.
Accordingtotworecentstudies,randomlyassignedroommatesofdifferentracesaremorelikelytoexperienceconflictssostrainedthatoneroommatewillmoveout.
AnIndianaUniversitystudyfoundthatinterracialroommateswerethreetimesaslikelyastwowhiteroommatestonolongerlivetogetherbytheendofthesemester.
GraceKao,aprofessoratPennsaidshewasnotsurprisedbythefindings."Thismaybethefirsttimethatsomeofthesestudentshaveinteracted,andlived,withsomeoneofadifferentrace,"shesaid.
AtPenn,studentsarenota