考研英语二真题.docx

考研英语二真题.docx

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考研英语二真题

2015年考研英语二真题

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

　　Inourcontemporaryculture,theprospectofcommunicatingwith-orevenlookingat-astrangerisvirtuallyunbearable.Everyonearoundusseemstoagreebythewaytheyclingtotheirphones,evenwithouta1onasubway.

　　It’sasadreality-ourdesiretoavoidinteractingwithotherhumanbeings-becausethere’s2tobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Butyouwouldn’tknowit,3intoyourphone.Thisuniversalprotectionsendsthe4:

“Pleasedon’tapproachme.”

　　Whatisitthatmakesusfeelweneedtohid5ourscreens?

　　Oneanswerisfear,accordingtoJonWortmann,anexecutivementalcoach.Wefearrejection,orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe6as“weird.”Wefearwe’llbe7.Wefearwe’llbedisruptive.

　　Strangersareinherently8tous,sowearemorelikelytofeel9whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriendsandacquaintances.Toavoidthisuneasiness,we10toturnourphones.“Phonesbecomeoursecurityblanket,”Wortmannsays.“Theyareourhappyglassesthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore11.”

　　Butonceweripofftheband-aid,tuckoursmartphonesinourpocketsandlookup,itdoesn’t

12sobad.Inone2011experiment,behavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJulianaSchroederaskedcommuterstodotheunthinkable:

“Starta13.TheyhadChicagotraincommuterstalktotheirfellow14.WhenDr.EpleyandMs.Schroederaskedotherpeopleinthesametrainstationto15howthewouldfeelaftertalkingtoastranger,thecommutersthoughttheir16wouldbemorepleasantiftheysatonthierown,”TheNewYorkTimessummarizes.Thoughtheparticipantsdidn’texpectapositiveexperience,afterthey17withtheexperiment,“notasinglepersonreportedhavingbeenembarrassed.”

　　18thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosewithoutcommunication,whichmakesabsolutesense,19humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.It'sthat20:

Talkingtostrangerscanmakeyoufeelconnected.

　　1.[A]ticket[B]permit[C]signal[D]record

　　2.[A]nothing[B]little[C]another[D]much

　　3.[A]beaten[B]guided[C]plugged[D]brought

　　4.[A]message[B]code[C]notice[D]sign

　　5.[A]under[B]beyond[C]behind[D]from

　　6.[A]misinterpreted[B]misapplied[C]misadjusted[D]mismatched

　　7.[A]fired[B]judged[C]replaced[D]delayed

　　8.[A]unreasonable[B]ungrateful[C]unconventional[D]unfamiliar

　　9.[A]comfortable[B]anxious[C]confident[D]angry

　　10.[A]attend[B]point[C]take[D]turn

　　11.[A]dangerous[B]mysterious[C]violent[D]boring

　　12.[A]hurt[B]resist[C]bend[D]decay

　　13.[A]lecture[B]conversation[C]debate[D]negotiation

　　14.[A]trainees[B]employees[C]researchers[D]passengers

　　15.[A]reveal[B]choose[C]predict[D]design

　　16.[A]voyage[B]flight[C]walk[D]ride

　　17.[A]wentthrough[B]didaway[C]caughtup[D]putup

　　18.[A]Inturn[B]Inparticular[C]Infact[D]Inconsequence

　　19.[A]unless[B]since[C]if[D]whereas

　　20.[A]funny[B]simple[C]logical[D]rare

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,C,orD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys，peopleareactuallymorestressedathomethanatwork.Researchersmeasuredpeople’scortisol,whichisastressmarker,whiletheywereatwereworkandwhiletheywereathomeandfoundithigheratwhatissupposedtobeaplaceofrefuge.

“Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefoundthatwomenaswellasmenhavelowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome.”Writeoneoftheresearchers,SarahDamaske.Infactwomenevensaytheyfeelbetteratwork,shenotes,“Itismen,notwomen,whoreportbeinghappierathomethanatwork.”Anothersurpriseisthatthefindingsholdtrueforboththosewithchildrenandwithout,butmoresofornonparents.Thisiswhypeoplewhoworkoutsidethehomehavebetterhealth.

Whatthestudydoesn’tmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingworkwhenthey’reathome,whetheritishouseholdworkorworkbroughthomefromtheoffice.Formanymen,theendoftheworkdayisatimetokickback.Forwomenwhosayhome,theynevergettoleavetheoffice.Andforwomenwhoworkoutsidethehome,theyoftenareplayingcatch—up—with—householdtasks.Withtheblurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworkplaceinmakingadjustmentsforworkingwomen,it’snotsurprisingthatwomenaremorestressedathome.

Butit’snotjustagenderthing.Atwork,peopleprettymuchknowwhatthey’resupposedtobedoing：

working,makingmoney,doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.Thebargainisverypure;Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife—sustainingmoola.

Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.Therearealotoftaskstobedone,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourhomecolleagues—yourfamily—havenoclearrewardsformostofthem.Yourhomecolleagues—yourfamily—havenoclearrewardsfortheirlabor;theyneedtobetalkedintoit,orifthey’reteenagers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalofallelectronicdevices.Plus,they’reyourfamily.Youcannotfireyourfamily.Youneverreallygettogohomefromhome.

Soit’snotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyarethetasksapparentlyinfinite,theco—workersaremuchhardertomotivate.

21.AccordingtoParagraph1，mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome.

[A]wasanunrealisticplaceforrelaxation

[B]generatedmorestressthantheworkplace

[C]wasanidealplaceforstressmeasurement

[D]offeredgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace

22.AccordingtoDamaske，whoarelikelytobethehappiestathome？

[A]Workingmothers

[B]Childlesshusbands

[C]Childlesswives

[D]Workingfathers

23.Theblurringofworkingwomen’srolesreferstothefactthat.

[A]theyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives

[B]theirhomeisalsoaplaceforkickingback

[C]thereisoftenmuchhouseworkleftbehind

[D]itisdifficultforthemtoleavetheiroffice

24.Theword“moola”（Tine4，Para4）mostprobablymeans.

[A]energy

[B]skills

[C]earnings

[D]nutrition

25.Thehomefrontdiffersfromtheworkplaceinthat.

[A]homeishardlyacozierworkingenvironment

[B]divisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear－cut

[C]householdtasksaregenerallymoremotivating

[D]familylaborisoftenadequatelyrewarded

Text2

Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudent–thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree–lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerthanandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreated“aparadox”inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudent,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas“continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose.”Anachievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalScience.

Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach（whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram）canclose63percentoftheachievementgap（measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades）betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.

Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindingsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students（whocompletedtheproject）atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingparentwithfour-yearcollegedegree.Mostofthefirst-generationstudents（59.1percent）wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantofundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswithatleastoneparentwithfour-yeardegree.

Theirthesis–thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact–wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.Theycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.

Manyfirst-generationstudents“struggledtonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation,learnthe‘rulesofthegame,’andtakeadvantageofcollegeresources,”theywrite.Andthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollegesdon’ttalkabouttheclassadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudents.BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents’educationalexperiences,manyfirst-generationstudentslackofsightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandstudents‘likethem’canimprove.”

26.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas.

[A].reducedtheirdropoutrates

[B].narrowedtheachievementgap

[C].misseditsoriginalpurpose

[D].depressedcollegestudents

27.Theauthoroftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecause.

[A].theproblemissolvable

[B].theirapproachiscostless

[C].therecruitingratehasincreased

[D].theirfindingsappealtostudents

28.Thestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generationstudents.

[A].studyatprivateuniversities

[B].arefroms