中考英语宾语从句专题.docx

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中考英语宾语从句专题.docx

中考英语宾语从句专题

英语学科教师辅导讲义

教师:

学生:

时间:

课题

宾语从句

教学目标

1、掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词。

2、掌握宾语从句的语序——主句+连接词+主语+谓语

3、掌握宾语从句,主句与从句在时态上的呼应。

重点、难点

语序和时态呼应;与疑问词+不定式的转化;与状语从句的辨析

考点及考试要求

中考考点——宾语从句

教学内容

中考英语宾语从句总复习----考点梳理

一、宾语从句的连接词:

1、连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。

eg.Heknew(that)heshouldworkhard.

2、连词if、whether,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口语中多用if。

eg.Tomdon’tknowif/whetherhisgrandpalikedthepresent.

HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.

一般情况下,if和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:

在不定式前:

Whethertogothereornothasn’tbeendecided.

在介词前:

Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.

与ornot连用:

Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.

3、连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,连接副词when,where,why,how,它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。

eg.Theteacheraskedthenewstudentswhichclasshewasin.

Iwonderwherehegotsomuchmoney.

【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。

eg.Idon’tknowhowIshoulddowiththepresents.Idon’tknowhowtodowiththepresents.

2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.

大练兵:

用合适的连接词填空

1.WangHaitoldme_____hedidn’tgocyclingyesterdayafternoon.(how,why)

2.Canyoutellme______elseisgoingtobeondutytoday?

(who,whom)

3.Shesaid_____itwouldn’tmattermuch.(that,if)

4.Healwaysthinks______hecandobetter.(how,who)

Ireallydon’tknow________thebridgewillbefinished.(howlong,howsoon)

5.Theydon’tknow_______wearegoinghiking.

6.Shewantedtoknow_______hercoatwouldbereadythenextday.

7.Iwasreallysurprisedat______Isaw.

8.Idon’tknow______somanypeoplecrowdingroundhim

9.Doyouknow______shirtitis?

二、宾语从句的语序:

宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。

特别强调:

它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构。

Canyoutellmewho(m)dowehavetosee?

(╳)

Canyoutellmewho(m)wehavetosee?

(√)

Theteacheraskedthestudentswhattheyweredoing.(思考:

what在从句中的成分)

陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。

eg.Shesaid,“Iwillleaveamessageonthedesk.”Shesaidshewouldleaveamessageonthedesk.

一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。

Eg.“Wherearethetickets?

”Iaskedhim.Iaskedhimwheretheticketsare.

练一练:

句型转换

1.Whendoesthetrainarrive?

Pleasetellme.(改为宾语从句)

Pleasetellme__________________________________.

2.Whatdoeshedo?

Doyouknow?

(改为宾语从句)

Doyouknow_______he_______?

3.Dotheywantfriedchicken?

Heaskedtheboys.(改为宾语从句)

Heaskedtheboys_______they______friedchicken.

4.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?

Idon’tknow.(改为宾语从句)

Idon’tknow_______thewatch_______madeinShanghai.

5.“Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew?

”Tom’smotheraskedhim.(同义句)

Tom’smotheraskedhim_____________________totrysomethingnew.

6.Ithinkthisisagoodidea.(改为否定句)

I_______________this________agoodidea.

7.Lucyhasn’tdecidedwhichtrouserstobuy.(改为复合句)

Lucyhasn’tdecided________________________________buy.

8.Idon’tknowhowIcangettothehospital.(改为简单句)

Idon’tknow________________________tothehospital.

三、宾语从句的时态呼应:

1.如果主句是一般现在时,从句不用改时态。

如:

Hesayshelikesfootball.

Canyoutellmewhatyoudidlastnight?

Iwanttoknowifitwillraintomorrow.

2.如果主句是一般过去时,从句要改为其相应的过去的某种时态。

如:

1)从句是现在进行时,要改为过去进行时

如:

Heisstudying.Hesaid…

→Hesaidhewasstudying.

2)从句是一般现在时,要改为一般过去时

如:

Helikesfootball.Hetoldme…

→Hetoldme(that)helikedfootball.

3)从句是一般将来时,要改为过去将来时

如:

Theywillgotothepark.Theysaid…

→Theysaidtheywouldgotothepark.

4)从句是现在完成时,要改为过去完成时

如:

HehasvisitedBeijing.Hesaid…

→HesaidhehadvisitedBeijing.

【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时,不管主句谓语的时态如何,从句都用一般现在时。

eg.Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun.

考一考:

选择题

1.Idon’tknow_____hewillbebackhome.

A.whoB.whatC.whenD.where

2.Couldyoutellme___________?

A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingfor

C.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein

3.Doyoustillremember_______?

A.thathesaidB.whathesaidC.didhesaythatD.whatdidhesay

4.Ican’tunderstand______theboyalone.

A.whysheleftB.whydidsheleaveC.whyshehadleftD.whyhadsheleft

5.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.

A.riseB.roseC.risesD.hadrisen

6.Theytriedtofindout______thenewtrain________.

A.howfar/hadgoneB.howlong/hasgone

C.howfar/wentD.howfarhad/run

7.Themanagercameuptosee__________.

A.whatwasthematterB.whatthematterwas

C.whatthematterisD.what’sthematter

8.Canyoutellme___________?

A.whereareyoudoingB.wheredoyoustudy

C.whereyouweredoingD.whereyustudy

9.Ican’tunderstand_______theboyalone.

A.whysheletB.whydidsheleaveC.whyhadsheleftD.whyshehadleft

10.Heaskedhisfather_______.

A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappen

C.howithappenedD.howdidithappen

11.Noonetellsus______,soweneedyourhelp.

A.howweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedo

C.howtodoitD.whattodoit

12.Couldyoupleaseteachme_______thecomputer.

A.howcheckB.tocheckC.howtocheckD.tohowchecking

13._______he’llcomeornotisn’timportant.

A.WhyB.IfC.WhetherD.What

14.Wouldyouliketoknow_______theywilldoitornot.

A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.why

15.–Wheredoyouthink_____he____theTVset?

--Sorry,I’venoidea.

A./,boughtB.has,boughtC.did,buyD.didbought

16.Ourhomeworkhaschangedalot.Whocantell_____itwouldbelikein_____fiveyears.

A.how,anotherB.what,moreC.how,otherD.what,another

17.--Couldyoutellme______?

--Yes.He____totheUSA.

A.whereishe/hasbeenB.whereheis/hasgone

C.wherewashe/hasbeenD.wherehewas/hasgone

18.--Mikewantstoknowif____apicnictomorrow.

--Yes.Butifit_______,we’llvisitthemuseuminstead.

A.youhave/willrainB.youwillhave/willrain

C.youwillhave/rainsD.willyouhave/rains

19.Idon’tknowifhe______tomorrow.Ifhe________,I’llmeethim.

A.willcome/comesB.comes/comesC.willcome/willcomeD.comes/willcome

20.Ireallydon’tknowifshe_______itwhenshe________.

A.finds/arrivesB.finds/willarriveC.willfind/willarriveD.willfind/arrives

四、其他需要说明的问题:

1.标点由主句决定,如主句是陈述句、祈使句,则用句号;是疑问句则用问号。

eg.IheardshehadbeentotheGreatWall.CanyoutellmewhichbusIshouldtake?

2.要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。

五、宾语从句和状语从句的区分:

eg.1)Iwillgoouttomorrowifitisfine.

2)Idon’tknowifthetrainhasarrived.

句1中if引导的是状语从句。

这个从句表示“条件”,修饰主句。

整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好,我就出去。

句2中if引导的是宾语从句,充当谓语动词don’tknow的宾语。

整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达。

判断方法:

1、可以从整个句式看。

状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面(个别除外),宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。

2、从引导词看。

if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义为“是否”,充当状语从句的连接词时,词义为“如果”。

when充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”,充当状语从句的连接词时,意为“当……的时候”。

3、从时态看。

if和when作连接词时,引导宾语从句要注意:

从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。

if和when充当从属连词时,引导条件和时间状语从句,若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时,则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来。

 

典型例题【中考链接】

1.YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme________?

A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyit

C.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit

2.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_____IcangettotheSpaceMuseum?

--Ofcourse.YoucantakebusNo.1.

A.whereB.howC.ifD.why

3.—Doyouknow________thenewmobilephonelastweek?

--Maybe900yuan.I’mnotquitesure.

A.howmuchshepaidforB.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuchdidshepayfor

4.MichaelJordanhasfailedoverandoveragaininhislife.Andthat’s____hesucceeds.

A.whatB.whenC.whyD.where

5.AliceinWonderlandisafantasticmovie.It’sabout______.

A.howdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterror(恐怖统治)

B.whatdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterror

C.howAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterror

D.whatAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterror

6.—Doyouknow________thegirlinredis?

—I’mnotsure.Maybeateacher.

A.whenB.howC.whereD.what

7.—Whatdidyourparentsthankaboutyourdecision?

--Theyalwaysletmedo_______IthinkIshould.

A.whenB.thatC.howD.what

8.Iwanttoknow________.

A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairport

C.whentheairportweshouldarriveatD.whentheairportshouldwearriveat

9.--Wouldyoupleasetellme__________?

--At10:

00thisevening.

A.whenwillthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainwillleaveC.whendoesthetrainleave

10.—Couldyoutellme________?

--FillinthisformandIwillgiveyouacard.

A.howIcanmeetCathyB.whereIcanmeetCathyC.whenIcanmeetCathy

11.–Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?

-I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.

A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how

12.-Tommy,doyouknowifFrank________tothezoothisSundayifit________?

-Sorry,Ihavenoidea.

A.willgo;isfineB.goes;isfineC.willgo;isgoingtobefineD.goes;willbefine

13.Noonecanbesure_________inamillionyears.

A.whatmanlookslikeB.whatwillmanlooklike

C.whatmanlookedlikeD.whatmanwilllooklike

14.Suetoldmethatshe_________shoppingwithhersisterthenextday.

A.willgoB.wouldgoC.goesD.hasgone

15.Thenew-designedcarisonshownow.Iwonder_________.

A.howmuchitcostB.howmuchdiditcostC.howmuchitcostsD.howmuchdoesitcost

16.-Whendoyouthink_________?

-Abouthalfpastfive.Iwillpickhimupattheairport.

A.hewillcomeB.willhecomeC.didhecomeD.hecame

17.Ourteachertoldusthesun________intheeast.

A.riseB.roseC.risingD.rises

18.--Listen!

 It is still noisyin thehead teacher’soffice.

-Go and see________theyhavefinished correcting thepapersyet.

A.though B.whetherC.unless D.while

19.-WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?

-Sorry.Idon’tknow________.

A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroad

C.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad

20.–Doyouknow__

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