中考英语宾语从句专题.docx
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中考英语宾语从句专题
英语学科教师辅导讲义
教师:
学生:
时间:
课题
宾语从句
教学目标
1、掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词。
2、掌握宾语从句的语序——主句+连接词+主语+谓语
3、掌握宾语从句,主句与从句在时态上的呼应。
重点、难点
语序和时态呼应;与疑问词+不定式的转化;与状语从句的辨析
考点及考试要求
中考考点——宾语从句
教学内容
中考英语宾语从句总复习----考点梳理
一、宾语从句的连接词:
1、连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。
eg.Heknew(that)heshouldworkhard.
2、连词if、whether,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口语中多用if。
eg.Tomdon’tknowif/whetherhisgrandpalikedthepresent.
HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.
一般情况下,if和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:
在不定式前:
Whethertogothereornothasn’tbeendecided.
在介词前:
Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.
与ornot连用:
Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.
3、连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,连接副词when,where,why,how,它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。
eg.Theteacheraskedthenewstudentswhichclasshewasin.
Iwonderwherehegotsomuchmoney.
【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。
eg.Idon’tknowhowIshoulddowiththepresents.Idon’tknowhowtodowiththepresents.
2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.
大练兵:
用合适的连接词填空
1.WangHaitoldme_____hedidn’tgocyclingyesterdayafternoon.(how,why)
2.Canyoutellme______elseisgoingtobeondutytoday?
(who,whom)
3.Shesaid_____itwouldn’tmattermuch.(that,if)
4.Healwaysthinks______hecandobetter.(how,who)
Ireallydon’tknow________thebridgewillbefinished.(howlong,howsoon)
5.Theydon’tknow_______wearegoinghiking.
6.Shewantedtoknow_______hercoatwouldbereadythenextday.
7.Iwasreallysurprisedat______Isaw.
8.Idon’tknow______somanypeoplecrowdingroundhim
9.Doyouknow______shirtitis?
二、宾语从句的语序:
宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。
特别强调:
它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构。
Canyoutellmewho(m)dowehavetosee?
(╳)
Canyoutellmewho(m)wehavetosee?
(√)
Theteacheraskedthestudentswhattheyweredoing.(思考:
what在从句中的成分)
陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。
eg.Shesaid,“Iwillleaveamessageonthedesk.”Shesaidshewouldleaveamessageonthedesk.
一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。
Eg.“Wherearethetickets?
”Iaskedhim.Iaskedhimwheretheticketsare.
练一练:
句型转换
1.Whendoesthetrainarrive?
Pleasetellme.(改为宾语从句)
Pleasetellme__________________________________.
2.Whatdoeshedo?
Doyouknow?
(改为宾语从句)
Doyouknow_______he_______?
3.Dotheywantfriedchicken?
Heaskedtheboys.(改为宾语从句)
Heaskedtheboys_______they______friedchicken.
4.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?
Idon’tknow.(改为宾语从句)
Idon’tknow_______thewatch_______madeinShanghai.
5.“Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew?
”Tom’smotheraskedhim.(同义句)
Tom’smotheraskedhim_____________________totrysomethingnew.
6.Ithinkthisisagoodidea.(改为否定句)
I_______________this________agoodidea.
7.Lucyhasn’tdecidedwhichtrouserstobuy.(改为复合句)
Lucyhasn’tdecided________________________________buy.
8.Idon’tknowhowIcangettothehospital.(改为简单句)
Idon’tknow________________________tothehospital.
三、宾语从句的时态呼应:
1.如果主句是一般现在时,从句不用改时态。
如:
Hesayshelikesfootball.
Canyoutellmewhatyoudidlastnight?
Iwanttoknowifitwillraintomorrow.
2.如果主句是一般过去时,从句要改为其相应的过去的某种时态。
如:
1)从句是现在进行时,要改为过去进行时
如:
Heisstudying.Hesaid…
→Hesaidhewasstudying.
2)从句是一般现在时,要改为一般过去时
如:
Helikesfootball.Hetoldme…
→Hetoldme(that)helikedfootball.
3)从句是一般将来时,要改为过去将来时
如:
Theywillgotothepark.Theysaid…
→Theysaidtheywouldgotothepark.
4)从句是现在完成时,要改为过去完成时
如:
HehasvisitedBeijing.Hesaid…
→HesaidhehadvisitedBeijing.
【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时,不管主句谓语的时态如何,从句都用一般现在时。
eg.Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun.
考一考:
选择题
1.Idon’tknow_____hewillbebackhome.
A.whoB.whatC.whenD.where
2.Couldyoutellme___________?
A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingfor
C.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein
3.Doyoustillremember_______?
A.thathesaidB.whathesaidC.didhesaythatD.whatdidhesay
4.Ican’tunderstand______theboyalone.
A.whysheleftB.whydidsheleaveC.whyshehadleftD.whyhadsheleft
5.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.
A.riseB.roseC.risesD.hadrisen
6.Theytriedtofindout______thenewtrain________.
A.howfar/hadgoneB.howlong/hasgone
C.howfar/wentD.howfarhad/run
7.Themanagercameuptosee__________.
A.whatwasthematterB.whatthematterwas
C.whatthematterisD.what’sthematter
8.Canyoutellme___________?
A.whereareyoudoingB.wheredoyoustudy
C.whereyouweredoingD.whereyustudy
9.Ican’tunderstand_______theboyalone.
A.whysheletB.whydidsheleaveC.whyhadsheleftD.whyshehadleft
10.Heaskedhisfather_______.
A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappen
C.howithappenedD.howdidithappen
11.Noonetellsus______,soweneedyourhelp.
A.howweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedo
C.howtodoitD.whattodoit
12.Couldyoupleaseteachme_______thecomputer.
A.howcheckB.tocheckC.howtocheckD.tohowchecking
13._______he’llcomeornotisn’timportant.
A.WhyB.IfC.WhetherD.What
14.Wouldyouliketoknow_______theywilldoitornot.
A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.why
15.–Wheredoyouthink_____he____theTVset?
--Sorry,I’venoidea.
A./,boughtB.has,boughtC.did,buyD.didbought
16.Ourhomeworkhaschangedalot.Whocantell_____itwouldbelikein_____fiveyears.
A.how,anotherB.what,moreC.how,otherD.what,another
17.--Couldyoutellme______?
--Yes.He____totheUSA.
A.whereishe/hasbeenB.whereheis/hasgone
C.wherewashe/hasbeenD.wherehewas/hasgone
18.--Mikewantstoknowif____apicnictomorrow.
--Yes.Butifit_______,we’llvisitthemuseuminstead.
A.youhave/willrainB.youwillhave/willrain
C.youwillhave/rainsD.willyouhave/rains
19.Idon’tknowifhe______tomorrow.Ifhe________,I’llmeethim.
A.willcome/comesB.comes/comesC.willcome/willcomeD.comes/willcome
20.Ireallydon’tknowifshe_______itwhenshe________.
A.finds/arrivesB.finds/willarriveC.willfind/willarriveD.willfind/arrives
四、其他需要说明的问题:
1.标点由主句决定,如主句是陈述句、祈使句,则用句号;是疑问句则用问号。
eg.IheardshehadbeentotheGreatWall.CanyoutellmewhichbusIshouldtake?
2.要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。
五、宾语从句和状语从句的区分:
eg.1)Iwillgoouttomorrowifitisfine.
2)Idon’tknowifthetrainhasarrived.
句1中if引导的是状语从句。
这个从句表示“条件”,修饰主句。
整个句子的意思是如果明天天气好,我就出去。
句2中if引导的是宾语从句,充当谓语动词don’tknow的宾语。
整个句子的意思是我不知道火车是否到达。
判断方法:
1、可以从整个句式看。
状语从句一般可以放在主句的前面或后面(个别除外),宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2、从引导词看。
if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义为“是否”,充当状语从句的连接词时,词义为“如果”。
when充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”,充当状语从句的连接词时,意为“当……的时候”。
3、从时态看。
if和when作连接词时,引导宾语从句要注意:
从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。
if和when充当从属连词时,引导条件和时间状语从句,若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时,则从句的时态应用一般现在时表示将来。
典型例题【中考链接】
1.YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme________?
A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyit
C.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit
2.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_____IcangettotheSpaceMuseum?
--Ofcourse.YoucantakebusNo.1.
A.whereB.howC.ifD.why
3.—Doyouknow________thenewmobilephonelastweek?
--Maybe900yuan.I’mnotquitesure.
A.howmuchshepaidforB.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuchdidshepayfor
4.MichaelJordanhasfailedoverandoveragaininhislife.Andthat’s____hesucceeds.
A.whatB.whenC.whyD.where
5.AliceinWonderlandisafantasticmovie.It’sabout______.
A.howdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterror(恐怖统治)
B.whatdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterror
C.howAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterror
D.whatAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterror
6.—Doyouknow________thegirlinredis?
—I’mnotsure.Maybeateacher.
A.whenB.howC.whereD.what
7.—Whatdidyourparentsthankaboutyourdecision?
--Theyalwaysletmedo_______IthinkIshould.
A.whenB.thatC.howD.what
8.Iwanttoknow________.
A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairport
C.whentheairportweshouldarriveatD.whentheairportshouldwearriveat
9.--Wouldyoupleasetellme__________?
--At10:
00thisevening.
A.whenwillthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainwillleaveC.whendoesthetrainleave
10.—Couldyoutellme________?
--FillinthisformandIwillgiveyouacard.
A.howIcanmeetCathyB.whereIcanmeetCathyC.whenIcanmeetCathy
11.–Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?
-I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.
A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how
12.-Tommy,doyouknowifFrank________tothezoothisSundayifit________?
-Sorry,Ihavenoidea.
A.willgo;isfineB.goes;isfineC.willgo;isgoingtobefineD.goes;willbefine
13.Noonecanbesure_________inamillionyears.
A.whatmanlookslikeB.whatwillmanlooklike
C.whatmanlookedlikeD.whatmanwilllooklike
14.Suetoldmethatshe_________shoppingwithhersisterthenextday.
A.willgoB.wouldgoC.goesD.hasgone
15.Thenew-designedcarisonshownow.Iwonder_________.
A.howmuchitcostB.howmuchdiditcostC.howmuchitcostsD.howmuchdoesitcost
16.-Whendoyouthink_________?
-Abouthalfpastfive.Iwillpickhimupattheairport.
A.hewillcomeB.willhecomeC.didhecomeD.hecame
17.Ourteachertoldusthesun________intheeast.
A.riseB.roseC.risingD.rises
18.--Listen!
It is still noisyin thehead teacher’soffice.
-Go and see________theyhavefinished correcting thepapersyet.
A.though B.whetherC.unless D.while
19.-WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?
-Sorry.Idon’tknow________.
A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroad
C.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad
20.–Doyouknow__