八年级下知识要点.docx
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八年级下知识要点
八年级下知识要点
Unit1Willpeoplehaverobots?
1.TheSimpleFutureTense一般将来时态
1）Willtherebelesspollution?
Yes,therewill./No,therewon’t.
Willpeoplelivetobe200yearsold?
Yes,theywill./No,theywon’t.
WhatdoyouthinkSallywillbeinfiveyears?
Ithinkshe’llbeadoctor.
★will（shall）+V.原
2）begoingto+V原
3）be+ving
4）Thenewtermstarstomorrow.Theplanetakesoffat8:
30pm.
ItisSundaytomorrow.
表示按“时刻表、日常规程或自然规律等”将要发生的动作或存在的状态时，虽然时间状语表示的是将来，丹谓语动词多用一般现在时表示将来。
★5）Therebe句型：
Thereis/aregoingto/willbe…
2.100yearsfromnow=in100years（一百年后）
twentyyearsfromnow=?
（-----howsoon（多久,多快））
3.intheirhome/athome在（他们）家home
4.Everythingwillbefree./freetime空闲时间
★①everything:
不定代词（三单S./定语后置）
②befree:
免费的有空的--★bebusy（withsth./doingsth.）
5.oncomputers/（watch…）onTV/onaradio/onpaper在（通过）计算机上
paper纸张（u.n）apieceofpaperpapermoney
试卷（c.n.）
6.livetobe…yearsold活到……岁
★7.less&fewer:
①little（否定）-less-least+（u）n.（much）
few-fewer-fewest+（c）n.pl（afew）（many/anumberof）
②alittle=abit=kindof+adj./adv.
=abitof+（u）n.
not…alittle=not…atall根本不
not…abit=verymuch非常）
8.pollute---polluted被污染的----pollution
predict---prediction
unpleasant
crowded
becrowdedwith
buildn.&v.（built–built）----building
9.Iagree./Idon’tagree.=Idisagree.（赞同/不赞同）
agreewithsb.同意某人的看法
agreetodosth.同意做某事
10.liveinanapartment住在一所公寓里
onaspacestation在太空站
inspace在太空（anastronaut宇航员）
11.flyrocketstothemoon乘火箭到月球
（fly-flew-flown）flytos.p.
12.fallinlovewith爱上……
falloff（from……）（从）摔下来
falldown摔倒
fall–fell-fallen
13.livealone单独居住/liveins.p.住在……/livethere（here）
★alone（=byoneself=onone’sown）单独地（克观形体上）
lonely孤独地（心理上）,荒僻的
14.own拥有,自己的---owner主人
one’sown+n.某人自己的……
★15.keep（=feed/have）apetparrot/
borrow,lend瞬间→keep,have延续
ondoingsth.=goondoingsth持续做……
keepsb./sth.doingsth.（adj.）
adj.（quiet/healthy…）
16.I’llprobablygo…
（maybe,possibly,perhaps）
MaybeS.主语+谓语V.……=S.+may+谓语V.的原形……
Maybehewillmajorinmath.=He_____________inmath.
★17.wearasuit穿套装/dressmorecasually穿着更随意
wear穿/戴着,强调状态Hehastowearglassesbecauseofhispooreyesight.
bein表延续性的状态,可与一段时间连用,可直接接颜色
puton穿/戴上,强调动作
dress可单独使用,也可接人（dresssb./oneself,dressupsth.）
18.beableto&can
You’llbeabletomakealivingdoingsomethingyoulove.
SomeofthesesingerswereabletosingEnglishsongs
★beableto有各种时态,
can仅两种形式cancould，且不能与助动词连用。
19.goskating去滑冰go+ving
20.oneday将来或过去
someday只指将来的某一天
21.may---might（情态动词）
22.Thispapersays“…”这张纸上写着……
23.the（next）worldCup（下一届）世界杯
24.winawards/anaward获奖
26.dosth.forfun做……事来娱乐
27.★sth.cometrue只能事做主语,无被动语态
实现sb.achieve可人做主语
28.soundLv.听起来n.指一切声音runningwatersound
voice只指嗓音ina（loud/low/sweet）voice
noise（noisyadj.吵闹的）指噪音makea/muchnoise
29.sciencefictionmovies科幻电影
30.inthefuture在将来
★31.…therewillbesuchrobots
①sucha/an+adj.+（c）n=so+adj.+a/an+（c）n.
Iboughtsointrestingabook.=suchaninterestingbook.
②such+adj.+（c）n.pl./（u）n.
Suchexcitingnews!
Suchbeautifulflowers!
③somany/much/few/little+n.
Somuchhomework.Solittlemoney.Somanypeople.Sofewrobots.
32.wakeup醒来wakesb.up弄/唤醒某人（★动副型）
33.…therearealreadyrobotsworkinginfactories.
★Therebe+n./pron.+ving正有做……事的……
34.simple简单（不复杂）
easy容易（不困难）
35.overandoveragain一次又一次,反复
36.getbored变得厌倦
bored,boring
★-ed形容词和-ing形容词之别
37.What（doyouthink）Sallywillbeinfiveyears?
Whatwillyourlifebelikeintenyears?
带宾语从句的主从复合句
38.Thatmayseempossiblenow
Electrictoothbrushesseemedimpossibleahundredyearsago.
Formanyyoungpeople,becomingaprofessionalathletemightseemlikeadreamjob.
★seemLv.（seem,seems,eemed）似乎，好像
1）+adj.Heseemedhappy.
2）+todosth.（动词不定式）Heseemedtobehappy.
3）+likeHeseemedlikealion.
4）Itseems/seemedthat从句
Itseemedthathewashappy.
possible-impossibleadj.
1）Itispossibletodosth.“有可能做某事”
Itispossibletogettothestationinfiveminutes.
2）Itispossible+that从句“某事有可能发生”
Itispossiblethatshedoesn’tknowthewaytoyourhome.
3）ifpossible“如果可能的话”
Ifpossible,Iwanttobuyarobotandletitdohouseworkforme.
★39.Theyhelpwiththehousework
v.help（sb.）（to）dosth.
withsth.
helpdoingsth.
n.withthehelpofsb.=withone’shelp
★★40.…theyagreeitmaytakehundredsofyears.
①花费take-took-taken,cost-cost-cost,spend-spent-spent,pay-paid-paidIttakes（willtake/took.…）sb.sometimetodosth.做某事花某人…时间
Sth.cost（costs.…）sb.somemoney.某事花某人……钱
Sb.spendsometime/moneyonsth.某人在某物上花……时间/钱
（in）doingsth.某人花……时间/钱做某事
Sb.paysb.somemoneyforsth.某人因某物向某人支付/赔偿……钱
②★★数词考点：
hundreds/thousands/millionsofpeople√
threehundred/thousand/millionpeople√
threehundred/thousand/millionofthepeople√
threehundred/thousand/millionofpeople×
threehundreds/thousands/millionspeople×
threehundreds/thousands/millionsofpeople×
★★41.Scientistsarenowtryingtomakerobotslooklikepeopleanddothesamethingsasus.
①trytodosth.努力/试图做……（关注做事本身）
trydoingsth.试试做某事（关注结果）
tryone’sbest（=doonesbest）todosth.尽最大努力做……事
tryon（tryiton）试穿（动副型）
★②make/see/watch/..o.oc.使……物/人……（怎么样）
（sb./sth.）（adj/dosth.）
see/watch/notice…+sb.+do/doingsth.
bemade/seen/watched（被动语态）todosth.
③dothesame+n.as…做与……同样的……
43.…itwillbedifficultforarobottodothesamethingsasaperson.
…it’seasyforachildtowakeupandknowwheretheyare.
★Itis/was/…+adj./n.+forsb./ofsb.+todosth..做……事对某人而言是…
adj.修饰事情用forsb.引出做事的人;adj.修饰人的品质（kind/honest/nice/friendly…）则用ofsb.引出做事的人
★★44.Somewilllooklikehumans,andothersmightlooklikesnakes.
1Some……others……一些……另外一些……（有例外）
Look，they’recleaningup.Somearesweepingthefloor.Othersarecarryingwater.
2Some……theothers……一些……剩余所有的……
Wehavenineteachers.Somearemen.Theothersarewomen.
3one……theother一个……另一个……（有较明确的两者提示）
Oh,Kate.Yourshoeishere.Whereistheother?
4other作adj.常修饰©n.pl=others
IlikeEnglish.AndIdon’tmindothersubjects.
⑤another泛指同类中的任何另外一个anotherone
Thispaperisbroken.Doyouwantanotherpiece?
Thepairofpantsistoolong.Canyougivemeanotherpair?
--Thiscakeisverynice.—Yes.Wouldyoulikeanotherone?
又，再another+数量+n.=数量+more+n.
（anothertwodays=twomoredays）
Theboxistooheavy.Weneedanotherthreeboys.
45.Predictingthefuturecanbedifficult.
Ving短语作主语
46.beusedbysb.
47.Therearemanyfamouspredictionsthatnevercametrue.
先行词引导词定语从句
48.oneof…
Unit2WhatshouldIdo?
★1.What’swrong=What’sthematter=What’sthetrouble（withsb./sth.）?
What’sone’smatter/trouble?
What’sup?
…
（Myclothesareoutofstyle?
）
2.WhatshouldIdo?
Youshouldwritehimaletter.
That’sagoodidea.
---Whatshould+sb.do?
---Sb.should（应该——自信）/could（能——众多方法之一，更委婉）+V.原形…
3.arguewithsb.aboutsth.haveanargumentwithsb.
4.outofstyle----instyle
5.playhisCDstooloud
aloud发出声音
readaloud朗读
loudadj.大声的，响亮的aloudvoiceShespokeinaveryloudvoice.
adv.大声地，响亮地Donottalksoloud.
Pleasespeaklouder.
loudlyadv.
6.callsb.up
7.saysorrytosb./saygoodbyetosb./sayhellotosb.
8.atickettoaballgame,answerstotheproblems,thekeytothebike,…
9.onthephone
★10.surprisev.使……惊奇Hissuccesssurprisedus.
&.n.惊奇toone’ssurprise/insurprise
surprised（besurprisedatsth./todosth./）
Weweresurprisedathissuccess.
Iwassurprisedtomeetmyoldfriends.
surprising
Whatasurprisingpresent!
★11.either①Hedoesn’thavemoney,either.（adv.否定句句末的“也”）
②EitherofthetwinscanhelpyouwithEnglish.
（……两个中的任何一个→pron.三单主语）
--Whatwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?
—Either.
Eitheroftheboysisgreat.=Bothoftheboysaregreat.
③Therearemanytreesoneithersideoftheriver.（adj.either+n.单数）
=eachside/bothsides
④EitheryouorIamgoingtothemeetingnextMonday.（就近原则）
AreeitheryouorIgoingtothemeetingnextMonday?
--opp.neither（Unit9）
12.haveabakesale
13.getatutor
14.expensive----inexpensivecomfortable---uncomfortable
color---colorfulfree---freedom
★15.findout弄清，查明（经过一番努力或波折后）
find找到，发现，强调结果
lookfor寻找，找到，强调做找的动作
★16.Everyoneelseinmyclasswasinvitedexceptme.
exceptprep.“除……之外”+n./pron./prep.短语（排除关系）
Nobodyfailedthetestexpectme.（Ifailed.）
Youcanusethecomputeratanytimeexpectintheevening.（Youcan’tintheevening）
besides（包含关系）Youcanusethecomputeratanytimebesidesintheevening.
（Youcanuseintheevening.）
17.Mycousinisthesameageasme.
=asoldasme
as…asnotas/so…as（more…than/less…than）
★18.geton/along（well）withsb.
sth.
★19.return=come/get/goback
=give（it）back
20.haveafightwithsb.
★21.①Couldyouplease②giveme③some④advice?
①Couldyouplease+v.原形…?
（提建议或作请求）
②givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.（sth.为pron.时只用give…to）
③some/any表“一些”时some用于肯定句和提建议或作请求的问句；any用于否定句，问句及条件状语从句。
④advice（u）n.---suggestion©n.
22.fitasmuchaspossibleintotheirkids’lives
①fit…into…
★②as…aspossible=as…assb.（主语）can/couldas…as中间用原级
assoonasyoucan
23.beundertoomuchpressure.
24.complainabout
25.★①takepartin②after-schoolclubs
joinin
join
bein
26.Activitiesinclude（v.）sports,language…
includingprep.
27.push---pullpushy
28.parentsseeotherchildrendoingalotofthings
★see/hear/watch/lookat/listentosb.doingsth.（正做）
dosth.（已做或常做）
29.
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