定语从句.docx

定语从句.docx

《定语从句.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《定语从句.docx（22页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

定语从句

请辨析一下句子结构类型以及各个每个句子的成分。

Helaughed.

Mywatchstopped.

HelivesinLondon.

Sheoftenhelpshermother.

Sheateabowlofnoodles.

Therosesmellssweet.

Lilyisverybeautiful

Mr.Litoldusaninterestingstory.

Mr.Litoldaninterestingstorytous.

Sheaskedmetocomebacksoon.

Theymadehimtheirmonitor.

Thisismeandthesearemyfriends.

Theymuststayinwater,ortheywilldie.

宾语

Theobject

表示动作、行为的对象

同主语的充当词类

1.BothofthegirlslikeSpanish.

2.Didshecallmejustnow?

Doyouknowhim?

DoyouknowwhereIcango?

Ibelievethetruth.

IbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonth.

定语

Theattribute

用来修饰名词或代词

形、代、数、名、副、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语，句子也可以

1.Theblacksweaterismine.

2.Whatishisfather'sname？

3.Wehaveninelessonseveryday.

Heisasuccessfulman.

Heisamanwhoissuccessful.

Ipreferquietandslowmusic.

Iprefermusicthatisquietandslow.

ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.

ThegirlwhostandsbehindthetreeisKate.

Myfatherprefersmusicwithgreatlyrics.

Myfatherprefersmusicthathasgreatlyrics.

Themandrivingfastisdrunk.

Themanwhoisdrivingfastisdrunk.

定语从句是指定语由原来的单词或者短语变成了句子的复合句，或者是句子当中的定语是由完整的句子来充当的复合句，包括一个主句和一个以上的从句。

合并以下句子

1.Themanisaworker.

2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.

Themanthemanisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.

Themanheisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.

Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.

3.Maryisagirl.

4.Maryhaslonghair.

MaryisagirlMaryhaslonghair.

Maryisagirlshehaslonghair.

Maryisagirlwho/thathaslonghair.

5.TheboyisTom.

6.Theboyhasaroundface.

Theboywho/thathasaroundfaceisTom.

1.Aplaneisamachine.

2.Themachinecanfly.

Aplaneisamachinethemachinecanfly.

Aplaneisamachineitcanfly.

Aplaneisamachinewhich/thatcanfly.

3.Theeggsarenotfreshanymore.

4.Iboughttheeggsyesterday.

TheeggsIboughttheeggsyesterdayarenotfreshanymore.

TheeggsIboughtthemyesterdayarenotfreshanymore.

TheeggsIboughtthat/whichyesterdayarenotfreshanymore.

Theeggsthat/whichIboughtyesterdayarenotfreshanymore.

5.Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparents’farm.

6.____________________________________________________________.

1.Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.

2.Maryisagirlwho/thathaslonghair.

3.Theboywho/thathasaroundfaceisTom.

4.Aplaneisamachinewhich/thatcanfly.

5.Theeggsthat/whichIboughtyesterdayarenotfreshanymore.

定语从句是指在复合句中作定语的从句，定语从句前面的是这个从句所要修饰限定的词，先于从句出现，叫做先行词。

定语从句通常放在先行词的后面，由关系词引导，关系词分为关系代词或关系副词。

关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose等，关系副词有where，how，why等。

关系词有三个作用：

a.代替先行词，代替先行词在从句中出现，避免重复

b.在从句中担任句子成分：

主语、宾语、表语、状语、定语

c.做连词，把主句和从句连接起来

定语从句关系词的选择

先行词

从句缺主语

从句缺宾语

从句缺定语

指“人”

who/that

who/whom/that/省略

whose

指“物”

which/that

which/that/省略

whose

从句缺状语

指“时间”

which/that

which/that/省略

when=介词+which

指“地点”

which/that

which/that/省略

where=介词+which

指“原因”

reason

which/that

which/that/省略

why=forwhich=that/省略

指“方式”

way

which/that

which/that/省略

inwhich/that/省略

指“次数”

time

that/省略

表中的介词由先行词决定

只用that的情况

1.当先行词是everything,anything,nothing（something除外）,all,none,few,little,some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等词修饰时。

如：

HaveyousetdowneverythingthatMrLisaid?

Thereseemstobenothingthatisimpossibletohimintheworld.

注意：

当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。

如：

Anymanthat/whohasasenseofdutywon’tdosuchathing.

Allthegueststhat/whowereinvitedtoherweddingwereimportantpeople.

2.当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。

如：

ThefirstAmericanmoviethatIwatchedwastheTitanic.。

ThisisthebestmuseumthatIhavevisitedallmylife.

3.当先行词被thevery,theonly,thesame,thefirst/last等修饰时。

如：

Sheistheonlypersonthatunderstandsme.

Afterthebigfire,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowns. 

注意：

当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。

如：

WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting.

4.当主句中有who,which等疑问代词时。

如：

Whoisthemanthatisstandinginfrontofthecrowd?

WhichistheroomthatMrWanglivesin?

5.当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。

如：

Lookatthemanandhisdonkeythatarewalkingupthestreet.

TheyarethemenandthingsthatIsawinthatroom.

6.在there+be的句型中作主语，当先行词为主句的表语或者关系代词为从句的表语时。

TherearetwonovelsthatIwanttoread.　我要读的有两本小说。

Thereisnoworkthatcanbedonenow.没有什么工作现在能做的了。

Thisisthebookthatwasboughtyesterday.这就是昨天买的书。

Ourschoolisnolongertheschoolthatitusedtobe.我们的学校不再是以前的学校了。

一、定语从句中只能使用关系词which不使用that的情况主要有：

1.在非限制性定语从句中，先行词为物时，只能使用关系词which，不能使用关系词that

2.在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能使用关系词which，不能使用that

who/that/which在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。

初中英语定语从句练习题

（一）

一选择填空

1.Don’ttalkaboutthethings_______youarenotsureabout.

A.whichB.whatC.asD.those

2.Is this