定语从句.docx

1、定语从句请辨析一下句子结构类型以及各个每个句子的成分。He laughed.My watch stopped.He lives in London.She often helps her mother.She ate a bowl of noodles.The rose smells sweet.Lily is very beautifulMr. Li told us an interesting story.Mr. Li told an interesting story to us.She asked me to come back soon.They made him their mon

2、itor.This is me and these are my friends.They must stay in water, or they will die.宾语The object表示动作、行为的对象同主语的充当词类1.Both of the girls like Spanish.2.Did she call me just now?Do you know him?Do you know where I can go?I believe the truth.I believe that April is the hottest month.定语The attribute用来修饰名词或

3、代词形、代、数、名、副、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语，句子也可以1.The black sweater is mine.2.What is his fathers name？3.We have nine lessons every day.He is a successful man.He is a man who is successful. I prefer quiet and slow music.I prefer music that is quiet and slow. The girl behind the tree is Kate. The girl who stands b

4、ehind the tree is Kate.My father prefers music with great lyrics.My father prefers music that has great lyrics. The man driving fast is drunk.The man who is driving fast is drunk.定语从句是指定语由原来的单词或者短语变成了句子的复合句，或者是句子当中的定语是由完整的句子来充当的复合句，包括一个主句和一个以上的从句。 合并以下句子1. The man is a worker.2. The man is speaking

5、at the meeting.The man the man is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man he is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. 3. Mary is a girl.4. Mary has long hair.Mary is a girl Mary has long hair. Mary is a girl she has long hair.Mary is a girl

6、who/that has long hair.5. The boy is Tom.6. The boy has a round face.The boy who/that has a round face is Tom. 1. A plane is a machine.2. The machine can fly.A plane is a machine the machine can fly.A plane is a machine it can fly.A plane is a machine which/ that can fly. 3. The eggs are not fresh a

7、nymore.4. I bought the eggs yesterday.The eggs I bought the eggs yesterday are not fresh anymore. The eggs I bought them yesterday are not fresh anymore.The eggs I bought that/ which yesterday are not fresh anymore.The eggs that/ which I bought yesterday are not fresh anymore.5. He prefers the chees

8、e. It comes from his parents farm.6. _.1. The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker. 2. Mary is a girl who/that has long hair.3. The boy who/that has a round face is Tom. 4. A plane is a machine which/ that can fly.5. The eggs that/ which I bought yesterday are not fresh anymore.定语从句是指

9、在复合句中作定语的从句，定语从句前面的是这个从句所要修饰限定的词，先于从句出现，叫做先行词。定语从句通常放在先行词的后面，由关系词引导，关系词分为关系代词或关系副词。关系代词有that， which，who，whom，whose等，关系副词有where，how，why等。关系词有三个作用：a.代替先行词，代替先行词在从句中出现，避免重复b. 在从句中担任句子成分：主语、宾语、表语、状语、定语c. 做连词，把主句和从句连接起来定语从句关系词的选择先行词从句缺主语从句缺宾语从句缺定语指“人”who/ thatwho/ whom/ that/省略 whose指“物”which/ thatwhich/

10、 that/省略whose从句缺状语指“时间”which/ thatwhich/ that/省略when=介词+which指“地点”which/ thatwhich/ that/省略where=介词+which指“原因”reasonwhich/ thatwhich/ that/省略why= for which=that/省略指“方式”waywhich/ thatwhich/ that/省略in which/ that/ 省略指“次数”timethat/ 省略表中的介词由先行词决定只用that的情况1. 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something

11、除外）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如：Have you set down everything that Mr Li said?There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如：Any man that / who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing.All t

12、he guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people.2. 当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。如：The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic.。This is the best museum that I have visited all my life.3. 当先行词被the very, the only, the same, the first / last等修饰时。如：She is the only person that und

13、erstands me.After the big fire, the old car is the only thing that he owns.注意： 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如：Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting.4.当主句中有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd?Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in?5. 当先行词

14、为人与动物或人与物时。如：Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.They are the men and things that I saw in that room.6.在there + be 的句型中作主语，当先行词为主句的表语或者关系代词为从句的表语时。There are two novels that I want to read.我要读的有两本小说。 There is no work that can be done now. 没有什么工作现在能做的了。 This is the book that

15、was bought yesterday.这就是昨天买的书。 Our school is no longer the school that it used to be. 我们的学校不再是以前的学校了。 一、定语从句中只能使用关系词which不使用that的情况主要有：1. 在非限制性定语从句中，先行词为物时，只能使用关系词which，不能使用关系词that2. 在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能使用关系词which，不能使用thatwho / that/which在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。初中英语定语从句练习题（一）一选择填空1. Dont talk about the things _ you are not sure about.A. which B. what C. as D. those2. Isthis