高中英语 Unit 1 Living well词汇详解 新人教版选修7.docx

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高中英语 Unit 1 Living well词汇详解 新人教版选修7.docx

高中英语Unit1Livingwell词汇详解新人教版选修7

选修7第一单元

考点预览:

1词汇:

ambition,adapt,beneficial,similar,absence,including,ignore,encouragement

2短语:

makefunof,setup,eventhough,dreamabout,atleast,aswellas,aswell,dealwith,inotherwords,

outofbreath,allinalllivea…life,getannoyed,bedifferentfrom

语言点:

1.try(v,n)

(1)试图,设法,努力Idon’tknowifIcancome,butI’lltry.

(2)试,试用,试验Haveyoutriedthisnewcoffee?

It’sverygood.尝过

(3)try后可接名词,动名词,不定式,what从句等

aJohnisn’ttoseewhetheritfitsyou.

(4)trytodosth努力做某事;trydoingsth尝试做某事

为什么不尝试乘火车去那里呢?

__________________________________________________________________?

他努力地要把箱子搬到楼上,但失败了。

____________________________________________________________

如果前门没有人开,你可以敲后门试试。

____________________________________________________________

(5)词组:

trysthon试穿tryout试验,尝试tryone’sbest(todosth)尽某人最大的努力

类似用法:

stoptodosth,meantodosthforgettodosthremembertodosth

stopdoingsthmeandoingsthforgetdoingsthrememberdoingsth

achieve

(1)(凭努力)达到(目标等)He)成就,伟绩achievable(adj)能完成的,能达到的

3proud骄傲的,自豪的。

常用于以下结构:

beproudofbeproudtodosthbeproudthat

Yourachievementsaresomethingtobeproudof.Ifeelproudtobeapartoftheteam.

Heisveryproudthat)takepridein=beproudofproudly(adv)

4represent

(1)代表,象征,标志TheroserepresentsEngland.OurfirmisrepresentedinIndiabyMrHall.我公司驻印度

HerepresentedChinaintheconference.他代表中国参加了这个会议。

Thetradeunionrepresentsover200000workers.

(2)描绘,描述,塑造ThepicturerepresentsthebattleofWaterloo.Thepicturerepresentsa,adj)代表(人),有代表性的,典型的;representation(n)代表,表现,描绘(指事物);

近义词辨析:

represent强调代表(官方,政府),代言人,standfor代表(含义,符号)

UN__theUnitedStates.WenJiabao__ourgovernmenttogiveatalkatthecongress.

5setup

(1)摆放,竖起(某物)Policesetuproadblocksonroutesleadingoutofthecity.

(2)建立Theywanttosetupastateoftheirown.

近义词辨析:

setup指建立组织机构等抽象事物,也可指竖起,搭起,此时等于putup

Anewschoolsetupinmy.

build多指建立房屋,桥梁,道路等The1960s.

putup多指建立临时性的房屋,帐篷等Theyputupatentbytheriversideforthenight.(过夜)

found指创建(组织,国家);把…基于…之上ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfoundedin1949.

Foralltheseyears,Iworkingforothers.I’mbusinesssomeday.

AturnupBfixupCsetupDmakeup

相关短语:

(1)setabout(doingsth)setouttodosth着手做…

(2)setoff出发,动身(3)setfireto点燃,生火

(4)setdown记下,写下,放下(5)seton攻击(6)setanexample树立榜样(7)set…aside把…放在一边,省出,留出Shetriestosetasidesomemoneyeverymonth.(8)setback使推迟,耽误,使延误Thebadweathersetbackthebuildingprogrammebyseveralweeks.(9)setapart留出,拨出(专用)Tworoomsweresetapartforuseaslibraries.

(10)setforward提出,拨快(钟表),促进

6ambition(c,u)

(1)雄心,野心,志气,抱负,志向

AboywhoisfilledambitionusuallyworkstobecomethePrimeMinisterislikelytoberealized.

(2)目标,夙愿(c)Heforsth渴望得到某物fullofambition野心勃勃

7similar(adj)相似的,类似的besimilarto(to为介词)与…相似besimilarin在…方面相似similarity(n)类似点

ShanghaiissimilartoShenzheninmanyways.Therearemanysimilaritiesbetweenthetwo.

8takealessonlessons上课,学习课程,修课程HepreferstotakeEnglishlessonsratherthantakeChineseones.

givesbalessonlessons给某人上课teachsbalesson教训某人TheaccidenttaughtmealessonI’llneverforget.

9inotherwords换句话说(做插入语)

Beethovenwrotemanyworld-famousmusicalcompositions.Inotherwords,.

I’mnotusedtothewayyouspeaktome.Inotherwords,Idon’twanttocontinueourconversations

(1)inword口头上Idon’twantyoutotellmeinwordthatyouwillstudywords用语言(来表达)一般置于句末Youdon’tknow’tbedescribedinwords.

(3)inaoneword一句话,简言之,总之Inaword,wemusttryourbesttodothework.

(4)getinaword插话(5)leaveword留言(6)’tknowmuchEnglish,’tspeakastheotherpeopledo.YoumustdoasItoldyou.Heisnotsodiligentasyou.

Youngasthewar.Iwatched’tthere,Ileftamessage.Asill,perhaps’topenthedoor.Tiredastheywere,theywalkedon.Leavethetableasitis.

(2)作关系代词,引导限制性定语从句,先行词前常有such,thesame,as,so与之呼应,构成such…as,so…as,等

We’llmakesuchcomputersasareneededindifferentbranchesofscience.Iwanttobuythesameshoesaswereadvertised.

(3)作关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,as指前或后面整个句子的内容。

Asyoucanseeinthemap,thetwocitiesarefarawayfromeachother.Aseverybodyknows,allthatglittersisnotgold.

(4)prep作为YouwillbewelcomedasaCanada,__thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.

AasBifCwhenDwhere

11adapt

(1)使…适应;使…适合,适应。

一般与to连用adapt(oneself)to,相当于adjust…to

Canyouadaptyourselftothenewjob?

You’dbetteradapttothenewenvironmentassoonaspossible.

Sheadaptedschools.……以适应学校之用。

adapt…from从…选取改编Theplayisadaptedfromanovel.ThisnoveladaptedforradiofromRussianoriginal.

adapteradaptor(n)改编者adaptation(n)适应,改编adaptable(adj)能适应的,可改编的

近义词辨析:

adjust强调调整或调节以适应adapt指修改或改变,使某人或某物做些改变以适应新条件,此意时可互换。

Youcan’tseethroughthetelescopeuntilitisadjustedtoyoureyes.把望远镜调节到适合你的目光之后,你才能看见。

Ittook’tadapttotheideaofasatime从前(7)notime立刻(9)fromtimetotime有时,不时的(10)intime及时(11)ontime按时,准时

(12)atanytime随时,在任何时候(13)forthefirsttime第一次(14)outoftime不合时宜(15)killtime消遣,消磨时光

13including(prep)包括,包含在内,一般用于名词或代词之前;included一般用于名词或代词之后

Weallwentincludingme.Weallwent,meincluded.Sixpeoplewerekilledintheaccident,adriver_____________.

近义词辨析:

contain“包含,含有,装着,盛着”,通常指在一个整体中所包含含有的全部内容,或在一个容器中容纳的全部东西,强调包含的整体内容。

include“包含,包括”指在一个整体中包括了其中一部分内容项目等,强调包含部分。

常用的两种表达方式:

includingsbsth=sbsthincluded

Seawatercontainssalt.Yourdutiesincludetypinglettersandansweringthetelephone.

Thepriceincludesboththe.

14absence(n)不在,缺席,缺少absenceofmind心不在焉,精神恍惚inone’sabsenceintheabsenceofsb在背地里,在某人不在时absent(adj)缺席的absent-minded心不在焉的beabsentfrom不在,缺席

Theyspokeillofthecaptainintheabsenceof’tknowthevalueof’tcomeuntillateintheafternoon.(傍晚)

16usedto表示过去经常或持续性的行为,现在已经不再发生。

常用did帮助构成疑问句和否定句,也可用used

Youusedtodrink,usedn’tyoudidn’tyou?

Thereusedtobesometreesinthisfield,usedn’ttheredidn’tthere?

Iusedtoswiminthisriver.Usedyoutoswiminthisriver?

Didyouusetosmokeapipe?

(烟斗)

近义词辨析:

usedto过去常常,指过去的状况,也可指习惯,现在已经停止了,可与be连用。

would多指过去的动作反复,与现在无关。

不与be连用。

Heusedtobeaquietboy.Hewouldsitontheriverbankfishingwhenbeusedtomakepaper.Stampsareusedtosendletters.

(2)begetusedtodoingsth习惯于Heisnotusedtogettingupearly.I’mnotusedtoeatingthesamefoodeveryday.

(3)beusedfordoingsthStampsareusedforsendingletters.

(4)useup用光,用尽usedup筋疲力尽

17too…to

(1)用来表示否定意义,可用not…enoughto…和so…that来进行句式转换。

Thechildistooyoungtogotoschool.=Thechildisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.=Thechildissoyoungthat’tgotoschool.

(2)too…to句式中,too后接ready,glad,willing,pleased,delighted等形容词时,无否定意义。

Heistoowillingto’t…too表示“无论怎么样……也不过分”Youcan’tbetoocareful.你越小心越好

Onecan’tbetoooldtolearn.___________________。

Youcan’tbetoocarefulinyourstudies.______________________.

18nearly(adv)

(1)相当于almost差不多,几乎It’snearlyteno’clock.

TheseasonsoftheyearinEnglandandtheUSAarenearlythesame.

(2)密切地,亲密地(closely)Thematterconcernsmenearly.这事与我密切相关。

近义词辨析:

两词意义相近,肯定句中可以互换用。

一般来说,与数字连用时用nearly。

另外almost可与never,no,none,nothing,nobody等否定词连用,而nearly只可和not连用,notnearly是“远不如”的意思.

Almostnoonebelievedbemoreimportantthanmoneytotowasbroughtintotheworldthedayoldorchardbehindthestudy.

His’twaittoleavethisplace___.AoffBoutCbehindDover

leave…behind把…落在…,把…抛在后面,永远离开…不能用forget…behind

22Mylifeisaloteasieratitwasatprimaryschool.中alot作状语,用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级。

类似的词还有still,no,any,much,rather,abit,alittle,far,even,alot,agreatdeal等ShegotfarmorebooksthanI.

Thereareevenmorepeoplethanexpected.HestudiesratherLiMing.YouknowsevenlessaboutitthanIdo.

--Doyoufeelanybetter?

—Ifeelmuchbetter.Itisalittlewarmertoday.Thisquestionisalotmoredifficultthanlastone.

近义词辨析:

very,quite,fairly,greatly等不能用来修饰比较级,但可修饰原级。

It’sfairlywarmtoday.

Itisquitepossibletotravelonthemooninthefuture.I’mgreatlysurprisedtoseeyouawardforbraveryfromthepoliceservice

Wereceivedawarmwelcomefromourchild.Itmaytakeyearstobecompletelyacceptedbythelocalpeople.

Itisgenerallyacceptedthatpeoplearemotivatedbysuccess.普遍认为成功催人奋进

accept…as接纳,承认acceptintoShewasdisappointednottobeacceptedintotheclub.

acceptable(adj)认同的,认可的acceptance(n)接受,同意

24annoy(vt)打搅,干扰,使烦恼,使生气(尤用于被动语态)Hewasannoyedwiththerainandgotwetallover.

Whenthesewomengettalking,theygoonfor(wellwith)进步,进展,相处(8)getthrough打通电话,使某人理解,完成,通过(考试)(9)getup(10)getout泄露,说出(11)getawaywith侥幸做成,逃脱处罚,避免(12)getcloseto接近(13)getdownto静下心来做某事,被…所吸引(to是介词)(14)getdowntobusiness开始处理最重要的事情(15)getaboutaround到处走动,(消息)传播(16)getaccustomedto(doing)sth习惯于(17)getaword插话(19)getintouchwith与…取得联系(20)getintotrouble(21)getintodebt借债,负债(22)getkilled送命(23)getlost迷路(24)getnowhere无进展(25)getover克服,从(疾病或失望中)恢复过来(26)getreadytodoforsth准备好…(27)getridof处理掉(某物)摆脱…(28)getsbtodosth让某人去做某事(29)getusedtodoing习惯于(30)gettoknow开始熟悉(某人或某地)(31)getlayputyoursomething得到某物,获得某物

26ignore不理,不顾,忽视Towasignoredbywithmyexperiment.

近义词辨析:

ignore为不理会采取视而不见的态度。

neglect因为粗心等原因而没有注意到或忽视

Sheneglectsneglectedforyears.(无人看管)

同义词disregardignorance(n)无知,愚昧ignorant(adj)无知的beignorantofbeinignoranceof不知道,不了解

27encouragement(n)激励,鼓励

(1)encourage(v)encouragesbtodosth

(2)encouraging(adj)(事、物)令人振奋的,振奋人心的(3)encouraged

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