上海市高三二模考试英语汇编 简答题 无答案.docx

上海市高三二模考试英语汇编 简答题 无答案.docx

《上海市高三二模考试英语汇编 简答题 无答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《上海市高三二模考试英语汇编 简答题 无答案.docx（18页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

上海市高三二模考试英语汇编简答题无答案

2012届上海市高三二模英语试卷——简答

（崇明）

Insomanyways,cyberspace（网络空间）mirrorstherealworld.Peopleaskforinformation,playgames,andsharehobbytips.Othersbuyandsellproducts.Stillotherslookforfriendship,orevenlove.

Unliketherealworld,however,yourknowledgeaboutapersonislimitedtowordsonacomputerscreen.Identityandappearancemeanverylittleincyberspace.Rather,aperson’sthoughts—oratleastthethoughtstheytype—arewhatreallycount.Soeventheshyestpersoncanbecomeachat-roomstar.

Usually,this“faceless”communicationdoesn’tcreateproblems.Identitydoesn’treallymatterwhenyou’reinachatroomdiscussingpoliticsorhobbies.Infact,thisemphasisontheideasthemselvesmakestheInternetagreatplaceforexcitingconversation.Whereelsecansomanypeoplecometogethertochatabouttheirinterests?

ButsomeInternetuserswantmorethanjustsomeonetochatwith.They’relookingforseriousloverelationships.Iscyberspaceagoodplacetofindlove?

Thatanswerdependsonwhomyouask.Someoftheserelationshipsactuallysucceed.Othersfailmiserably.

SupportersofonlinerelationshipsclaimthattheInternetallowscouplestogettoknoweachotherintellectuallyfirst.Personalappearancedoesn’tgetintheway.

Butcriticsofonlinerelationshipsarguethatnoonecantrulyknowanotherpersonincyberspace.Why?

BecausetheInternetgivesusersalotofcontroloverhowothersviewthem.Internetuserscancarefullycrafttheirwordstofitwhateverimagetheywanttogive.Andtheydon’thavetoworryaboutwhattheir“faceless”communicationisdoingfortheirimage.Inasense,they’renotreallythemselves.

Allofthismaybefineiftherelationshipstaysincyberspace.Butnotknowingapersonisabigprobleminaloverelationship.Withsomanyunknowns,it’seasytoletone’simagination“fillintheblanks.”Thisinevitablyleadstodisappointmentwhencouplesmeetinperson.Howsomeoneimaginesanonlinefriendisoftenquitedifferentthantherealperson.

So,beforelookingforloveincyberspace,remembertheadviceofInternetpioneerCliffordStoll:

“Lifeintherealworldisfarricherthananythingyou’llfindonacomputerscreen.”

（Note:

AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS.）

81.Welearnaboutapersonincyberspaceonlythrough______________________________.

82.WhyistheInternetagreatplaceforexcitingconversation?

83.Whatmakesonlineloverelationshipoftenfail?

84.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatthewriter__________________________lookingforloveontheInternet.

81.thethoughtstheytype/thewordsonacomputerscreen

82.Becausepeoplefocusontheideaswhiletalking./Becauseitputsemphasisontheideasthemselves.

83.Communicatingwithanimaginaryperson./Nottrulyknowingaperson.

84.disagreeswith/objectsto/isagainst

（奉贤）

Cultureshockissonamedbecauseoftheeffectithasonpeoplewhentheyenteranewculture.Expertshavebeeninterestedintheseeffectsandhaveagreedonfivebasicstagesofcultureshock.Thesestagesaregeneralandshouldonlybeusedasareference.Noteveryindividualwillgothrougheachstage,andonestagemaylastlongerthananotherfordifferentindividuals.

Thehardestthingformosttravelerstodealwithistheemotional“rollercoaster”theyseemtoberiding.Onemomenttheyfeelverypositivetowardthenewculture,andthenextmomentverynegative.Itseemscommonthatinternationalvisitorsandimmigrantsvacillate（犹豫不定）betweenlovingandhatinganewcountry.Feelingsofseparationandalienationcanbeintensifiediftheydonothaveasenseoffittinginorbelonging.

Fatigueisanotherproblempeoplefacewhenenteringanewculture.Therecanbeasenseofgreaterneedforsleep.Thisisduenotonlytophysicaltiredness,butalsotomentalfatigue.Thismentalfatiguecomesfromstrainingtocomprehendthelanguage,andcopingwithnewsituation.

Theimpactofcultureshockcanvaryfrompersontoperson.Therecanbesignificantdifferencesbecausesomepeoplemaybebetterpreparedtoenteranewculture.Fourfactorswhichplayintothesearepersonality,languageability,lengthofstay,andtheemotionalsupportreceived.

Itislogicaltothinkthatwhenpeoplearedeprivedofheirfamiliarsurroundingstheywillfeeldisoriented.Onesolutionsomehavefoundistobringafewsmallremindersofhome.Pictures,wallhangings,favoriteutensils,andkeepsakeareallgoodcandidatestomakethingsfeelmorefamiliar.Anotherhelpfulactivityistoestablishlittleroutinesthatbecomefamiliarovertime.Evenbetterisfittingthingsthatwerepartoftheregularroutinebackinthehomecountryintotheroutineestablishedinthenewculture.Thiswillmakepeoplefeelmoreathome.

（Note:

AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS.）

81.Accordingtothe1stparagraph,whathaveexpertsbeeninterestedin?

82.Whatarethetwoproblemspeoplefacewhenenteringanewculture?

83.Copingwithnewsituationsmayresultin__________.

84.Theauthorthinksthemoreeffectivewaytosolve“culturalshock”is__________.

81.Cultureshock’seffectsonpeople.

82.Emotional“rollercoaster”andfatigue

83.mentalfatigue

84.fittingsomepastregularroutineintothenewculture

（虹口）

Frombankerstofactorystaff,employeesinthewestfacethebleakprospect（暗淡的前景）oflosingtheirjobsasaglobalrecession（衰退）startstobite.ForcolleaguesintheEastthepainismorelikelytocomethroughapaycut.

HumanresourceexpertssayculturaldifferencesexplainwhyAsianfirmstryhardertokeepjobsindifficulttimes,whichwillstopunemploymentandmayhelpkeepAsianeconomiesafloatatatimeofslowingexports.

TheEastAsianattitudemayalsomakeiteasierforfirmstorecoverquicklyfromtheeconomicdownturnsincetheywillnotneedtorehireortrainnewstaff,leavingsomeexpertspredictingWesternshifttoEasternflexibility.

“IntheConfucian（儒家的）attitude,therightthingtodoistosharetheburden.Thereisthesenseofcollectiveresponsibilitywhereas（然而）intheWest,it’smoreabouttheindividualsurvival,”saidMichaelBenotlel,associatedprofessoroforganizationalbehavioratSingaporeManagementUniversity.

StevenPang,AsianRegionalDirectorforAquent,aheadhuntingfirm,saidinmanyEastAsiancompaniestherewasaresponsibility“totakecareofthemembersofthefamilyandgothroughthepaintogether”evenifthatmeantcausinglosses.

USfirmsfromGeneralMotorstoGoldmanSachsplantolayoffworkersbythethousand.ButattheAsianunitsofWesternmultinationals,jobcutswillprobablybelesssevere.

Japan’sjoblessratewas4percentinSeptember,upfrom3.8percentinJanuary,whileHongKong’swasflatat3.4percent.ButUSunemploymentisexpectedtohavejumpedto6.3percentlastmonthfrombelow5percentinJanuary.

ExpertssaythatwhiletherearenoticeabledifferencesinlaborpracticesinEastandWest,thegapwillnarrowasmorefirmsbecomemoremultinationalandcompetitionforcesfirmstoadoptthebestpracticesofrivals（对手）fromabroad.

（Note:

AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS.）

81.WhatcausedthedifferentpracticesofAsianandWesternfirmsfacingtheglobalrecession?

82.WhyisiteasierfortheEastAsianfirmstorecoverquicklyfromtheeconomicdownturn?

83.Firmsinthewestwouldlayoffworkerswhenfacingableakprospectbecauseof______.

84.______willmakethedifferencesinEastandWestlessnoticeable.

81.TheculturaldifferencesbetweentheEastandtheWest.

82.Becausetheyneedn’trehireortrainnewstaff./Becausetheywon’t/don’tneedtorehireortrainnewstaff.

83.theindividualsurvival.

84.Morefirmsbecomingmoremultinationalandcompetition

（黄浦、嘉定）

Allofuscommunicatewithoneanothernon-verbally,aswellaswithwords.Wegesturewitheyebrowsorahand,meetsomeoneelse’seyesandlookaway,shiftpositionsinachair.Theseactionsweassumearerandomandincidental.Butresearchershavediscoveredinrecentyearsthatthereisasystemtothemalmostasconsistentandcomprehensiveaslanguage.

Everyculturehasitsownbodylanguage,andchildrenabsorbitsdifferencealongwithspokenlanguage.AFrenchmantalksandmovesinFrench.ThewayanEnglishmancrosseshislegsisnothinglikethewayamaleAmericandoesit.Intalking,withafuture-tenseverb,Americansoftengesturewithaforwardmovement.

Thereareregionalidiomstoo.AnexpertcansometimespickoutanativeofWisconsinjustbythewayheuseshiseyebrowsduringconversation.Yoursex,moralbackground,socialclassandpersonalstyleallinfluenceyourbodylanguage.

Usually,thewordlesscommunicationactstoqualifythewords.Whatthenon-verbalelementsexpressveryoften,andveryefficiently,istheemotionalsideofthemessage.Whenapersonfeelslikedordisliked,oftenit’sacaseof“notwhathesaidbutthewayhesaidit.”PsychologistAlbertMehrabianhascomeupwiththisformula:

totalimpactofamessage=7%verbal+38%gestural+55%facial.

Expertsinkinesics–thestudyofcommunicationthroughbodymovement–arenotpreparedtospelloutavocabularyorgestures.WhenanAmericanrubshisnose,itmaymeanheisdisagreeingwithsomeoneorrejectingsomething.Butthereareotherpossibleinterpretations,too.Anotherexample:

Whenastudentinconversationwithaprofessorholdstheolderman’seyesalittlelongerthanisusual,itcanbeasignofrespectandaffection;itcanbeachallengetotheprofessor’sauthority;oritcanbesomethingelseentirely.Theexpertslookforpatternsinthecontext,notforanisola