陕西西安地区八校学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题.docx

陕西西安地区八校学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题.docx

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陕西西安地区八校学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题

陕西西安地区八校2020-2021学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题

学校:

___________姓名：

___________班级：

___________考号：

___________

一、阅读选择

Listedherearefourofthethousandsofimpressivemuseumsaroundtheworld.

TheGuggenheimMuseumBilbaoinBilbao，Spain

Builtin1997，theGuggenheimMuseumBilbaoisoneofthenewestintheworld.IthastransformedtheindustrialcityofBilbaointoatravelers'desireddestination.Thebeautifularchitectureofthemuseumhasprovidedadramaticbackgroundformoviesandcommercials.

TheLouvreinParis，France

ProbablythemostfamousLouvrealsoholdsthemostfamouspaintingintheworld，the“MonaLisa”byLeonardodaVinci.Crowdscanbefoundanydaysurroundingthesmall，butmysteriouspaintingofthesmilingwoman.But，theLouvreismuchmorethanahometothe“MonaLisa”．TheLouvreisvisitedbymorepeopleeachyearthananyothermuseumintheworld.

TheBarnesFoundationinPhiladelphia，America

Justopenedinitsnewdowntownlocationin2012，theBarnesFoundationis“unique”inthatitisacompletelyreproduceddisplayfromoneman'sprivatecollection.Dr.AlbertC．Barnesstartedcollectingartintheearly20thcenturyandcollected，amongothers，thelargestnumberoforiginalRenoirpaintingsintheworld.

TheUffiziGalleryinFlorence，Italy

Walkingonthemarbledfloorsfeelslikesteppingbackintime.Thebuildingitselfisabeautifulpalace—likestructurewithfrescoes（湿壁画）decoratingtheceilingsandwalls.Viewersarebowledover（印象深刻）bytheworksbyBotticelli，suchas“TheBirthofVenus”．Classicartworksfromnearly1，000yearsagodescribereligiouseventsofthetime.

1．Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopular?

A．TheLouvre.

B．TheGuggenheimMuseumBilbao.

C．TheBarnesFoundation.

D．TheUffiziGallery.

2．WhatmakestheBarnesFoundationparticular?

A．Itsstructure.B．Itscollection.

C．Itslocation.D．Itshistory.

3．Whattypeofwritingisthistext?

A．Anactivityposter.

B．Anexhibitionannouncement.

C．Anartshowreview.

D．Atravelguide.

"DidyouhearwhathappenedtoAdamlastFriday?

"LindseywhisperstoTori.

Withhereyesshining,Toribrags,"YoubetIdid,Seantoldmetwodaysago."

WhoareLindseyandToritalkingabout?

Itjusthappenedtobeyourstruly,AdamFreedman,Icantellyouthatwhattheyaresayingis（a）notniceand（b）noteventrue.Still,LindseyandToriaren'tverydifferentfrommoststudentshereatLintonHighSchool,includingme.Manyofourconversationsaregossip（闲话）.Ihavenoticedthreeeffectsofgossip:

itcanhurtpeople,itcangivegossipersastrangekindofsatisfaction,anditcancausesocialpressuresinagroup.

Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatitcanhurtthepersonbeingtalkedabout.Usually,gossipspreadsinformationaboutatopic—breakups,troubleathome,evendroppingout—thatapersonwouldratherkeepsecret.Themoreembarrassingorshamefulthesecretis,thejuicierthegossipitmakes.Probablytheworsttypeofgossipistheabsolutelie.Peopleoftenthinkofgossipersasharmless,butcruelliescancausepain.

Ifweknowthatgossipcanbeharmful,thenwhydosomanyofusdoit?

Theanswerliesinanothereffectofgossip:

thesatisfactionitgivesus.Sharingthelatestrumor（传言）canmakeapersonfeelimportantbecauseheorsheknowssomethingthatothersdon't.Similarly,hearingthelatestrumorcanmakeapersonfeellikepartofthe"ingroup".Inotherwords,gossipissatisfyingbecauseitgivespeopleasenseofbelongingorevensuperiority（优越感）.

Gossipalsocanhaveathirdeffect:

itstrengthensunwritten,unspokenrulesabouthowpeopleshouldact.ProfessorDavidWilsonexplainsthatgossipisimportantinpolicingbehaviorsinagroup.Translatedintohighschoolterms,thismeansthatifeverybodyyouhangaroundwithislaughingatwhatJohnworeorwhatJanesaid,thenyoucanbetthatwearingorsayingsomethingsimilarwillgetyouthesamekindofnegativeattention.Thedo'sanddon'tsconveyedthroughgossipwillnevershowupinanystudenthandbook.

Theeffectsofgossipvarydependingonthesituation.Thenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetospreadthelatestnews,thinkaboutwhyyouwanttogossipandwhateffectsyour"juicystory"mighthave.

4．Theauthorusesaconversationatthebeginningofthepassageto_________.

A．introduceatopicB．presentanargument

C．describethecharactersD．clarifyhiswritingpurpose

5．Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatit___________.

A．breaksuprelationshipsB．embarrassesthelistener

C．spreadsinformationaroundD．causesunpleasantexperiences

6．ProfessorDavidWilsonthinksthatgossipcan____________.

A．providestudentswithwrittenrules

B．helppeoplewatchtheirownbehaviors

C．forceschooltoimprovestudenthandbooks

D．attractthepolice'sattentiontogroupbehaviors

7．Whatadvicedoestheauthorgiveinthepassage?

A．NeverbecomeagossiperB．Stayawayfromgossipers

C．Don'tletgossipturnintoliesD．Thinktwicebeforeyougossip

Doyoueverpullyourphoneoutofyourpocket，thinkingitisvibrating（振动），onlytofindthatitisnˈt？

Thisphenomenon，whichscientistscall"phantom（幻觉的）phonevibration"，isverycommon．Around80%ofpeoplesurveyedsaytheyhaveimaginedtheirphonesvibratingwhentheywereactuallystill．

So，whatleadstothisuniversalbehavior？

AccordingtotheBBC，theexplanationliesinyourbrainˈsabilitytodiscoversignalsfromtheoutsideworld．Whenyourphoneisinyourpocket，therearetwopossiblestates：

itiseithervibratingornot．Meanwhile，youalsohavetwopossiblestatesofmind：

thejudgmentthatthephoneisvibrating，orthatitisnˈt．Ideally，youmatchthefourstatescorrectly．

However，sometimesyourbraindecidesthattheresultsofmissingacallaremoreseriousthana"falsealarm"．Therefore，youbecomemoresensitive（敏感的）tovibrationssothatyoudonˈtmissanything．Thisisjustlikethefirealarminyourhome---itcanbeannoyingwhenitgoesoffinresponsetojustatinybitofsmoke．Butthatˈsasmallpricetopaycomparedtoafirereallybreakingoutbecausethealarmfailstoalertyou．Now，youmightstillask：

whycanˈtourbrainsjustmakeeveryjudgmentcorrectlywithoutbeingtoosensitivetofalsesignals？

Theansweristhatyourbrainbearsaheavyburdeneveryday．"Yougetalargeamountofsensory（感觉的）informationthatˈscomingfromyoureyes，earsandskin，andyoucanˈtdealwithallthatinformationallthetime，"MichaelRothberg，aresearcheratBaystateMedicalCenterinSpringfield，US，toldLiveScience．

Forexample，therustling（沙沙声）ofclothingorthegrowling（咕咕声）ofyourstomachmaybothleadyourbraintobelievethattheycomefromthevibrationofyourphone-itisliketryingtohearyournamebeingcalledinanoisyroom．

So，perhapsyoushouldjustcheckyourphonewheneveryouthinkitˈsvibrating．Itˈsnottoomuchtroubletodothat，isit？

8．Accordingtothispassage，phantomphonevibration______．

A．iscommonamongpeoplewithmentalproblems

B．canmeasurepeopleˈsabilitytocollectinformation

C．happenswhenourbrainsreactsensitivelytofalsesignals

D．helpsourbrainstomakeveryquickandaccuratedecisions

9．Whyisthefirealarmusedasanexampleinthispassage？

A．Toshowusthefirealarmisassensitiveasthephonevibration．

B．Tohelpusunderstandthecauseofphantomphonevibrationbetter．

C．Totellusthephonevibrationusuallyhappenswhenafirebreaksout．

D．Toconvinceusitˈsimportanttocheckourphoneslikecheckingafirealarm．

10．AccordingtoMichaelRothberg，whichismainlyresponsibleforphantomphonevibration？

A．Anoisybackground．B．Alackofmuchattention．

C．Aheavyburdeneveryday．D．Anoverflowofsensoryinformation．

11．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedoaboutphantomphonevibration？

A．Weshouldalwaysfullybelieveourownsenseoflistening．

B．Weshouldjustcheckourphoneswheneverwethinktheyˈrevibrating．

C．Weshouldignorethevibrationbotheringwhenourphonesareactuallystill．

D．Weshouldthinkofthevibrationcarefullybeforewemakecorrectjudgments．

AMENTORING（导师制）programisgivinglifechangingopportunitiestoBanburyyouth.

YoungInspirationswasfoundedtwoyearsagotoprovidementoringsessionsforstudentsandunemployedyoungadultsaged11to21.

AlexGoldberg,theprogram’sfounder,said：

“WesetupYoungInspirationsbecausewewantedtogiveyoungpeopleexperienceswhichwillpotentiallybelifechangingandbroadentheiroutlook.”“Wetrytocreateworkexperienceopportunitiesthatwillreallymakeadifferencetoouryouth.Forexample,we’vesecuredinternships（实习）withworld-famousfirmssuchasHonda.”

“Atatimeoffundingcutbacks,schoolsarefindingitmoreandmoredifficulttoofferthiskindofmentoringbecauseofthat.Itisextremelyimportantthattheseopportunitiesareavailablebothtohelpyouthwiththeirschoolworkandgradesandtogivethemopportunitieswhichmayhelpshapetheirfutures."KieranHepbum,14,isoneofagroupofBanburyyouthwhohasbenefitedfromtheprogramsofar.InOctobertheBanburySchoolpupilwasaccompaniedbyYoungInspirationsstafftoPariswherehewasanobserverattheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization’s（UNESCO）InternationalYouthForum（论坛）.

Theeventwasheldforyoungpeoplefromaroundtheworld,toseektheirviewsonhowthefutureofyouthandeducationshouldlook.Kieranjoinedseveralhundredobserversmostlyintheir

20sandwastheonlyUKschoolpupiltoattendtheevent.Kieranthinksthetripwasalifechangingexperience.Beforeweleft1didn’tquiteknowwhattomakeofitbutwhenwegottherewedidn'tstop、itwasamazing”hesaid,“Wewenttothreeorfourhoursofdebateseachdayandthendidsomethingculturaleachafternoon.”

Themainthemeoftheforumwasho