上海中考英语一模专题汇编专题02 选词填空 逐题详解版版.docx

上海中考英语一模专题汇编专题02 选词填空 逐题详解版版.docx

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上海中考英语一模专题汇编专题02选词填空逐题详解版版

选词填空

Ⅲ.（2021年徐汇区一模）Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.

A.properlyB.victoryC.exploreD.existedE.contained

Lighthousesarestructuresalongtheshorelinesoflargebodiesofwater.Fortourists,lighthousescanbeaninterestingplacetovisit.___16___,andphotograph.Forhistorians,theyareawindowtothepastandreminderofadifferentwayoflife.Forsailorsandshipcaptains,theyareasignofsafety.Theycanprotectaboatfromrunningaground（搁浅）atnightorothertimeswhenthereisafogorastorm.

Originally,lighthouseswerebuiltwithroomsforthelighthousekeeper.Itwasthejobofthekeepertomakesurethatitwasalwaysworking___17___.Althoughitcouldbelonelyattimes,itwasanimportantjob.Today,almostalllighthousesareautomated,whichmeansthatthereisnoneedforlighthousekeepers.

Nooneiscertainwhenlighthousesfirst___18___.Wedoknowthatlighthousesisprobablymorethan3,000yearsold.AnepicGreekpoemtitledTheIliadwaswrittenbyamannamedHomeraround1200B.C.Inthepoem,Homerreferstoalighthouse,givingmodernscholarsanideaofhowlonglighthouseshavebeenapartofhumanlife.

Earlylighthouseswerequitedifferentfromtoday’slighthouses.TheywereusuallymadeofironbasketsthatwereSuspendedfromlongpoles.Thebaskets___19___burningcoalorwood.Inthe1700s,thesebasketsweretakentheplaceofbyoilorgaslanterns.Whenelectricitywasinvented,thelanternswerechangedintoelectricbeacons（灯标）.

A.educationalB.observeC.referenceD.roughE.appearance

In1822

aFrenchphysicistnamedAugustinFresnelinventedalens（透镜）thatwouldprovetobeveryimportantinlighthousetechnology.WiththeinventionoftheFresnellens,itbecamepossibletomakeabeamoflightreachasfaras28milesfromshore!

Lighthousebeamcanbeusedtohelpsailorsidentifythelighthouseandtheirownlocation.Sailorscan___20___thepatternsandlengthsoflightsfromthelighthouse.Thentheylookitupina___21___bookthatwilltellthemwhichlighthousetheyhaveseen.Duringtheday,sailorscanidentifylighthousessimplybytheir___22___.Someareshortandfat,whileothersaretallandthin.Theycanbemadeofmanydifferentmaterials,suchaswood,stone,brickandsteel.Thepatternsalsodiffergreatly.Somelighthousesarepaintedwithstripesoraseriesofdiamondshapesthatmakethemlookdifferent.Otherscanberecognizedbytheirshape—round,squareorrectangular.

Manylighthousesarenotinuse.Theyaresometimeschangedintomuseums,inns,___23___centers,orevenprivatehomes.Ifyoueverhaveachancetovisitone,gettingglimpseofhistoryisworththetrip.

（2021年静安一模）Completethefollowingpassageswiththewordsinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce（每空限填一词，每词只能填一次）

A.exerciseB.beatC.spreadD.influenceE.weaker

Internetusebecamepopularinthe1990s.Asit___21___,itchangedthewaywegetinformation.Italsochangedthewaywecommunicate.Now,somescientistsbelievethattheuseoftheInternetmaybechangingourbrains.Wemightlearnandinteractdifferently.

Whydosomescientistsbelievethis?

ManypeoplespendhoursontheInterneteachday.Theyspendlesstimedoingthingsthatmay___22___differentpartsoftheirbrains.Asaresult,peoplelosetheirsocialskills.Withoutusingtheseskills,partsofthebrainmaybecome___23___.Thiscouldleadtosocialawkwardness.Itmightalsocausepeopletospendtoomuchtimealone.Somescientistssaythe___24___isstrongestinso-called“digitalnatives”.Thesearepeopleintheirteensand20swhohavegrownupwiththeInternet.

A.messagesB.experiencesC.awareofD.familiarwithE.actually

Nooneissureabouthowaperson’s___25___affectthebrain.SomescientistssuggestthatInternetuseis___26___goodforthebrain.MizukoItosaysthatbyhangingoutonlinewithfriends,teenslearnimportantskills.Forexample,teensbecome___27___whatisOKtopostontheInternet.

Whatdoteensthinkofallofthis?

A19-year-oldboyJohnRowebelievesthattheeffectoftheInternetdependsentirelyontheperson.Roweisa“digitalnative”.Hespendsbetween6and12hoursontheInterneteachday.Forpartofthattime,heplaysgamesandsendsinstant___28___tohisfriends.Hasthischangedhissocialskills?

Hehimselfsaysthatithasnot.Healsospendsseveralhourswithhisfriendseachday.Thisgiveshimachancetocommunicatefacetoface.“IfIdidn’tactivelygooutandtrytospendtimewithfriends,Iwouldn’thavethesocialskillsthatIdo,”saidRowe.“Youcan’tjustgiveuponhavingnormalfriendsthatyouseeeachday.”

Ⅲ.（2021年杨浦区一模）Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce.

A

majorB.processC.produceD.inventionE.aswellas

Chineseanimationhasahistoryofover80years,startingwiththe“WanBrothers”whostartedto____16____Chinesecartoonfilmsinthe1920sinmanykindsofcategories,suchaspuppet,paper-cutandsoon.

Ink-washanimationisa____17____partofit.Whenitfirstappearedinthe1960s,itwasabreakthroughintheformofexpressionandaesthetic（美学的）conceptioninanimatedarea.Twoink-washfilmscalled“TadpolesSearchingforMother”and“Cowherd’sFlute,”,withTeWeiasartdirectorandQianJiajunastechnicaldirectordevelopedahighreputationbothathomeandabroad.

TheformerreceivedtheBestAnimatedFilmPrizeattheFirstHundredFlowerAwards___18___winningfiveinternationalprizes,while“Cowherd’sFlute”wasawardedtheGoldenPrizeattheOdenseInternationalFairyTaleFilmFestivalinDenmark.Peoplecalledink-washanimationthe“fifthChinese___19___.”

A.rolesB.amazingC.amusingD.exploringE.influenced

ButevenbeforethebirthofTadpolesSearchingforMother,anotherChineseanimatedfeaturefilmcalledUproarinHeavenhadstarted____20____aconnectionbetweenChinesetraditionalpaintingandanimation.Thetwo-hour-longfilmmixedfivedifferentcolorsinits____21____,whichincludedtheMonkeyKingandtheJadeEmperor.ItwasconsideredanidealcombinationofDisney-stylefilmsandChinesetraditionalarts.

JapaneseCartoonistOsamuTezuka,the“GodfatherofAnime”saidhewasgreatly___22___byChineseink-washanimation.AnotherJapaneseanimeartistalsocommented,saying.“Itisunbelievablethatink-washpicturescouldmovelikefilms.It’s______23______!

”

Ⅲ.（2021年长宁区一模）Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce.

A.advantages    B.award     C.educational    D.grades    E.explore

ThemembersoftheScienceClubwanttoplantavegetablegarden.Wethinkthatitwillbeagoodcommunityprojectthatwillnotonlybe___21___,butalsowillbefun.Therewillbemany___22___.

Studentswilllearnaboutscience.Theycanlearnaboutdifferentkindsofplants.Studentswould___23___organicgardening,ecology,botany,andothersciencetopics.

Studentswillgetsunshineandexercise.Gardeningcanbehardwork.Studentsinall___24___cansharethejobs.Everyonewillhaveachancetofeelinvolved.

A.supportB.dependsonC.likelyD.responsibilityE.necessary

Studentswillalsolearnaboutcommitment（承诺）and___25___.Gardeningtakesteamworkandpatience.Thesuccessofthegarden___26___completingeverytask.Everyonecantakeprideintheresults.

Finally,studentswilllearnhealthyeatinghabits.Alotofkidsdon’tlikevegetables.However,iftheyhavehelpedgrowthefood,theywillbemore___27___totryit.Manystudentswillbeshockedtofindoutthattheylikegreen,leafystuff!

Wehopethatyouwill___28___ouridea.Thankyouforyourtime.

III.（2021年虹口一模）Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanbeusedonlyonce.（将下列单词或者词组填入空格，每个空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）

A.onvideoB.thinkingC.abilityD.solutionsE.basedon

OnOctober30,2019,3Mannouncedtheresultsofits2019YoungScientistChallenge.14-year-oldKaraFan'sspray-onbandage（喷雾绑带）beatoutseveralothercreative___32___tosomeoftheworld'sbiggestproblems.

Thecontest,whichisrunby3MandDiscoveryEducation,isopentostudentsingrades5-8.Hundredsofkidssentinideas___33___.InJune2019,10finalistswerechosen___34___theirknowledgeand___35___tosharetheirideaclearly.

Thefinalistswerematchedwithascientist.Studentsweregivenseveralmonthstoimprovetheirprojectswiththehelpandadviceofthesescientists.

A.prizeB.finallyC.discoveredD.expressedE.wounds

InOctober2019,thefinalists___36___mettheirscientistsandotherstudentsfacetofaceat3M'sspecialsciencecenterinSt.Paul,Minnesota.Thestudents___37___theirviewsinthegroup,andthewinnerswereannounced.

KaraFanfromCaliforniawonthebig___38___foraspecialliquidbandageshecreated.Itcanbesprayedoncutsand___39___.OneimportantpartofKara'sbandageisnano-silver（纳米银）—silverinextremelytinyform.Karahadtodoalotofresearchtogetthatpartjustright.Forwinning,Karagot$25,000.

III.（2021年普陀区一模）Completethefollowingpassageswiththewordsinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce（将下列单词填入空格。

每空限填一词,每词只能填一次）

A.preventB.exerciseC.avoidD.furtherE.aware

Gettiredeasily?

Hasadoctorsaidhecan’tfindanythingwrongwithyou?

Youmightbeinanunhealthystatebetweenhealthanddisease.Doctorsoftentellyoutobe___32___oftheimportanceofforminggoodlivinghabits.Itisthekeyto___33___youfrombeingunhealthy.Youneedtorest,___34___andtakepartinopenairactivities.Theyalsosayabalanceddiet