现在式过去式和过去分词同形.docx
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现在式过去式和过去分词同形
A---A---A
型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形)
动词原形(现在式)
过去式
过去分词
cost cost cost 花费
cut cut cut 割,切
hit hit hit 打
let let let 让
put put put 放下
read read read 读
hurt hurt hurt 伤
shut----shut----shut关
set----set----set 放置,安置/set/
2. A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)
beat beat beaten 打
3. A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)
come came come 来
|
become became become 变
run ran run 跑
4. A---B ---B型
(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母
d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
burn burnt burnt 燃烧
learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习
mean meant meant 意思
>
hear heard heard 听见
(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”
构成过去式或过去分词。
build built built 建筑
lend lent lent 借给
lose lost lost 失去
send sent sent 送
spend spent spent 花费
!
(3)其他
pay paid paid 付
lay laid laid 下蛋
say said said 说
bring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买
think thought thought 想
sleep slept slept 睡
keep kept kept 保持
sweep swept swept 扫
-
stand stood stood 站
understand understood understood 明白
win won won 得胜
shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光
catch caught caught 抓住
teach taught taught 教
feel felt felt 觉得
fight fought fought 战斗
find found found 发现
get got got 得到
:
hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死,挂
have had had 有
hold held held 盛,握
leave left left 离开
make made made 制造
meet met met 遇见
sell sold sold 卖
shoot shot shot 射击
tell told told 告诉
smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅,闻
]
sit sat sat 坐
dig dug dug 挖
5. A---B---C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同)
(1)在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 落下
steal stole stolen 偷
give gave given 给
freeze froze frozen 冻结
take took taken 拿
|
see saw seen 看见
write wrote written 写
ride rode ridden 骑
drive drove driven 驾驶
throw threw thrown 抛,扔
blow blew blown 吹
grow grew grown 生长
know knew known 知道
fly flew flown 飞
go went gone 去
(
lie lay lain 躺
wear wore worn 穿
show----showed----shown 展示/出示
A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同
cost----cost----cost 价钱为tocost
cut----cut----cut 切
put----put----put 放
*
let----let----let 允许
set----set----set 放置
hit----hit----hit 击/hit/
shut----shut----shut 关
hurt---hurt----hurt 使受伤/hのrt/
read---read----read 读
读音/e/
lie---lied---lied 说谎
lay---laid---laid 放置,下蛋
:
lay--- lain 躺下,位于,平放
eg. The hens don’t _______eggs during such cold weather.
She _____ her books on the table. ____
B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同
1. 过去式和过去分词中含有
ought, aught,
读音是[:
t]
bright----brought----brought 新鲜的/brait/
;
think----thought----thought 思考
buy----bought----bought买
catch----caught----caught
teach ---- taught ----taught
2. 动词原形中的e为o,变成过去式和过去分词。
get----got----got
sell----sold----sold
tell----told----told
—
3. 动词原形中i为a, …
sit----sat----sat
spit----spat----spat
4. 动词原形中i为o, …
win----won----won
shine----shone/ shined----shone / shined
5. 动词原形中an为oo, …
stand----stood---stood
—
understand----understood----understood
6. 动词原形中的ay为ai,…
say----said----said
pay----paid----paid
7. a)动词原形中的d为t,…
send----sent----sent
`
lend----lent----lent
spend----spent----spent
build----built----built
b ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为t , …
smell----smelt----smelt
lose----lost----lost
c ) 动词原形后加一个字母t, …
learn----learnt----learnt
!
mean----meant----meant
读音/e/ d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t. 字母e发音/e/
feel----felt----felt
sleep----slept----slept
sweep---swept----swept
keep---- kept----- kept
其它
meet----met----met
have----had----had
hold----held----held
make----made----made
dig----dug----dug
hear----heard----heard
find----found----found
hang----hung----hung
C.原型与过去分词相同
come----came----come
run----ran----run
become----became----become
@
D. 原形,过去式, 和过去分词完全不同
1. 把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式,改成u变成过去分词.
begin ---- began -----begun
drink---drank----drunk
ring----rang-----rung
swim----swam----swum
sing----sang----sung
$
2. 把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式,在原形词尾加n变成过去分词.
blow----blew----blown
grow----grew----grown
know---knew---known
throw ---- threw ---- thrown
fly ----flew /flu:
/ ----flown ( 和以上相似)
3. 以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾,故把它们分为一类.
?
a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式,在词尾加n变成过去分词.
drive----drove----driven
rise---rose---risen
write---wrote---written (双写t )
ride----rode----ridden (双写d )
b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式,在过去式后加n变成过去分词.
speak----spoke----spoken
steal----stole----stolen
break----broke----broken
[
c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词.
wake----woke----woken
freeze----froze----frozen
choose----chose----chosen
forget----forgot----forgotten (双写t,加en )
d) 其它过去分词以en结尾的动词
eat----ate----eaten
beat---- beat ---- beaten
fall----fell----fallen
give----gave----given
see----saw----seen
take----took----taken
mistake---- mistook----- mistaken
hide----hid----hidden (双写d )
E. 没有过去分词的动词
can ----- could
may---- might
shall---- should
will ---- would
其它
am, is ---- was----- been
are-----were----- been
do-----did----- done
draw-----drew----- drawn
go-----went----- gone
show----showed----shown
wear--- wore ---- worn /