届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Great scientists单元学案29页word解析版.docx
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届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Greatscientists单元学案29页word解析版
2019届一轮复习人教版必修五Unit1Greatscientists单元学案
单元基础词汇语法搜索
一、分层单词
写作词汇
1. vt.照顾;护理;出席;参加
2. vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光
3. vt.打败;战胜;使受挫
n.失败
4. vt.责备;谴责
n.过失;责备
5. n.治愈;痊愈
vt.治愈;治疗
6. vt.&n.连接;联系
7. n.柄;把手
vt.处理;操纵
8. n.专家;行家
adj.熟练的;经验或知识丰富的
9. n.挑战
vt.向……挑战
10. vt.污染;弄脏
11. vt.宣布;通告
12. vt.&vi.捐献;贡献;捐助
阅读词汇
1.analysevt.
2.foreseevt.
3.certaintyn.
4.movementn.
5.neighbourhoodn.
6.characteristicn.
7.fireworkn.
8.positiveadj.
9.scientificadj.
10.backwardadv.&adj.
11.enthusiasticadj.
12.cautiousadj.
拓展词汇
1. vt.污染;弄脏→ n.污染→ adj.被污染的
2. vt.&vi.结束;推断出→ n.结论;结束
3. vt.吸收;吸引;使专心→ adj.十分吸引人的
4. vt.宣布;通告→ n.宣布;通告
5. vt.命令;指示;教导→ n.命令;指示
6. vt.&vi.捐献;贡献;捐助→ n.贡献;捐款
7. adj.有责任的;负责的→ n.责任
8. vt.拒绝;不接受;抛弃→ n.拒绝
9. adj.严重的;剧烈的;严厉的→ adv.严格地;严重地;严厉地
10. n.挑战vt.向……挑战→ adj.挑战性的
二、高频短语
1. 提出
2. 得出结论
3. 使显露;暴露
4. 将……和……联系或连接起来
5. makesense
6. apartfrom
7. bestrictwith...
8. betoblamefor
三、经典句型
1.Neitheritscause (它的治疗也不)wasunderstood.
2.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied (每次)therewasanoutbreak.
3.Intwoparticularstreets,thecholeraoutbreak (如此严重以至于)morethan500peoplediedintendays.
4. (只有)youputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.
5.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystem (行星绕着它转)andonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.
基础知识运用篇
一、语境词汇运用
(一)词汇拼写(注意单词或短语的形式变化)
1.Withthehelpofthecoach,wehave (打败)theminthefootballmatch.
2.In (结论),Ilikebeingpraised,butIknowsometimesit’snotalwaysgood.
3.If (暴露)toveryloudmusiceveryday,youngpeoplemayriskgoingdeaf.
4.When (连接)tothesubway,thecitywillbeeasytogetaccessto.
5.Itwas (宣布)thatourteamtookfirstplace.
6.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,thesurroundingvillageshavebeen (吸收)bythegrowingcity.
7.Fromwhattheyhadsaid,we (得出结论)thatweshouldpaymoreattentiontothenaturalenvironment.
8.Inthemeeting,we (提出)someadviceonhowtoimproveourwork.
9.Themanagingdirector (受责备)fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.
10. (除了)theirhouseinLondon,theyalsohaveavillainSpain.
11.Ifyouareateacher,youshould (对……要求严格)everystudent.
12.Look,yourcomputerhasbrokendownagain!
Itdoesn’t (有意义)tobuythecheapestbrandofcomputersjusttosaveafewdollars.
13.Thevideocameras (被和……连接起来)apowerfulcomputernow.
14.Embarrassingdetailsoftheirprivatelife (被暴露给……)thepubliclastweek.
(二)单句填空
1.Theriveris andnoiseisanotherkindofserious here.(pollute)
2.The (announce)oftheirmarriagewillappearinthelocalnewspapernextweek.
3.Thewriterpersonallycontributed£5,000totheearthquakefund.Allthe (contribute)willbegratefullyreceived.
4.IwasboredwithmyjobandfeltIneededanewchallenge.LastweekIgotanewjobinabigfirm,andIfounditvery (challenge).
5.Youmustreadthe (instruct)beforetakingthemedicine.
6.Inspiteofthelarge-scale (construct)ofroadsandhighways,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement.
二、经典句型仿写
1.这个周末,汤姆和他的父母都不打算去看电影。
(neither...nor...)
aregoingtoseethefilmthisweekend.
2.每次我去拜访他,他总是在忙着做家庭作业。
(everytime)
,heisalwaysbusywithhishomework.
3.我们做得非常好,以至于被邀请与我们学校所有的学生分享我们的想法和经历。
(so...that...)
We toshareourideaandexperiencewithallthestudentsofourschool.
4.随着英语单词在媒体和日常生活中的普及,一本汉语词典已收录了239个英文单词。
(with复合结构)
inbothmediaanddailylife,aChinesedictionaryhasincluded239ofthem.
答案精解精析
基础知识默写篇
一、分层单词
写作词汇
1.attend 2.expose 3.defeat 4.blame 5.cure 6.link
7.handle 8.expert 9.challenge 10.pollute
11.announce 12.contribute
阅读词汇
1.分析 2.预见;预知 3.确信;确实 4.移动;运动;动作 5.附近;邻近 6.特征;特性 7.烟火(燃放) 8.积极的;肯定的;确实的 9.科学的 10.向后地(的);相反地(的);退步地(的) 11.热情的;热心的 12.小心的;谨慎的
拓展词汇
1.pollute;pollution;polluted 2.conclude;conclusion
3.absorb;absorbing 4.announce;announcement 5.instruct;instruction
6.contribute;contribution 7.responsible;responsibility 8.reject;rejection
9.severe;severely 10.challenge;challenging
二、高频短语
1.putforward 2.drawaconclusion 3.expose...to...
4.link...to... 5.讲得通;有意义 6.除……之外;此外 7.对……严格
8.该为……受责备;应为……承担责任
三、经典句型
1.noritscure 2.everytime 3.wassoseverethat
4.Onlyif 5.withtheplanetsgoingroundit
基础知识运用篇
一、语境词汇运用
(一)词汇拼写
1.defeated 2.conclusion 3.exposed 4.linked5.announced 6.absorbed 7.drewanconclusion 8.putforward 9.wastoblame 10.Apartfrom 11.bestrictwith 12.makesense
13.arelinkedto 14.wereexposedto
(二)单句填空
1.polluted;pollution 2.announcement 3.contributions 4.challenging
5.instructions 6.construction
二、经典句型仿写
1.NeitherTomnorhisparents 2.EverytimeIcallonhim
3.didsowellthatwewereinvited 4.WithEnglishwordsgettingpopular
1课文与语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
JohnSnow,awell-knowndoctorinLondon,became 1 (inspire)whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeoplewho 2 (expose)tocholera,a 3 (dead)diseaseofitsday.Manythousandsofpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak 4 nooneknewthecauseofit.Johnwantedtohelpsolvetheproblem.
Hegotinterestedintwotheories 5 (explain)howcholerakilledpeople.Hebelievedinthesecondtheory 6 suggestedthatpeople 7 (absorb)thediseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.In1854,when 8 outbreakhitLondon,hewasreadytotestthetwotheories. 9 thehelpofthemaphemade,hegotavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthediseaseandwasabletoannouncethatthewaterwas 10 (blame).
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
2课文与短文改错
根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。
文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
Persuasivewritingisaboutchangesomebodyelse’spointofview.Whenyouaredoingthiskindsofwriting,youmustalwayshadsomeevidencetosupportyouridea.Tomakethismoreeasier,youcanhelddiscussionswithyourfamilyandfriends.Givingyourideasandreasonstothemwheneveryouaremakingchoices.Youmayboth
arguewiththemortrytopersuadethem.Thenyouwillfindthateasiertodoyourpersuasivewriting.
Besides,whenyouarewriting,donotforgetplanyourworkandputyourideasinalogicalorder.
3话题知识与写作
Ⅰ.根据提示翻译下列句子。
1.我的语文老师怀特先生对我要求很严格。
(bestrictwith)
2.他经常提出问题让我在课上回答。
(putforward)
3.此外,他还建议我在学完课文后得出自己的结论。
(conclusion)
4.我从阅读中吸收了很多在课上学不到的知识。
(absorb)
5.每次我遇到困难想放弃的时候,他总是鼓励我不要放弃。
(everytime)
6.他经常说:
“只有勇敢面对挑战,才能获得成功。
”(achieve)
Ⅱ.将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。
答案精解精析
1.课文与语法填空
1.inspired 2.wereexposed 3.deadly 4.because
5.explaining 6.that 7.absorbed 8.another
9.With 10.toblame
2.课文与短文改错
Persuasivewritingisabout①
somebodyelse’spointofview.Whenyouaredoingthis②
ofwriting,youmustalways③
someevidencetosupportyouridea.Tomakethis④moreeasier,youcan⑤
discussionswithyourfamilyandfriends.⑥
yourideasandreasonstothemwheneveryouaremakingchoices.Youmaybotharguewiththem⑦
trytopersuadethem.Thenyouwillfind⑧
easiertodoyourpersuasivewriting.
⑨
whenyouarewriting,donotforget⑩
planyourworkandputyourideasinalogicalorder.
①介词about后接名词、代词或动名词,故将change改为changing。
②this后面接名词单数形式,故将kinds改为kind。
③must后接动词原形,故将had改为have。
④easier本身是比较级,而more用来构成多音节形容词的比较级。
故将more去掉。
⑤情态动词后应用动词原形。
⑥此处考查祈使句,故将Giving改为Give。
⑦此处为both...and...结构,故将or改为and。
⑧此处考查形式宾语,故将that改为it。
⑨根据下文可知,此处与上文构成转折关系,故将Besides改为However。
⑩表示“忘记要做某事”需用forgettodosth.,故在forget后加to。
3.话题知识与写作
Ⅰ.1.MyChineseteacherMr.Whiteisverystrictwithme.
2.Heoftenputsforwardquestionsformetoanswerinclass.
3.Apartfromthis,hesuggestsIshoulddrawmyownconclusionsafterlearningthetext.
4.Ihaveabsorbedmuchknowledgefromreadingthatcan’tbelearnedfromtextbooks.
5.EverytimeIwanttogiveupwhenmeetingdifficulties,healwaysencouragesmenotto.
6.Heoftensays,“Onlywhenyoufacechallengesbravelycanyouachievesuccess.”
Ⅱ.[参考范文]
MyChineseteacherMr.Whiteisverystrictwithme,whooftenputsforwardquestionsformetoanswerinclass.Apartfromthis,hesuggestsIshoulddrawmyownconclusionsafterlearningthetext.Inthisway,Ihaveabsorbedmuchknowledgefromreadingthatcan’tbelearnedfromtextbooks.Inaddition,everytimeIwanttogiveupwhenmeetingdifficulties,healwaysencouragesmenotto.Heoftensays,“Onlywhenyoufacechallengesbravelycanyouachievesuccess.”
单元阅读理解解题指导
推理判断题之写作目的题(阅读理解)
方法指导
推断写作目的的题目题干中常有purpose或表示目的的动词不定式等。
推断作者写该篇文章的目的,有两大思路,解题时要综合考虑:
1.主旨推断法
写作意图与文章主旨密切相关,因此,解答这类题跟解答主旨大意题和选择文章标题一样,用略读法,即重点关注文章首尾段和各段的首尾句,找到主题句,抓住文章主旨,然后由主旨来推断作者的写作目的。
议论文、新闻报道、说明文等,其主题句多在文首。
2.文体推断法
作者的写作目的与文体密切相关。
(1)议论文的目的通常是说服读者接受或赞同某一观点,倡导某种做法等。
(2)说明文的目的是使读者获得某种知识,提出某种建议、劝告或呼吁,或希望引起有关部门或人士对某种现象给予重视。
(3)记叙文的目的一般是分享一段有趣的经历,告诉读者一个有趣的故事,使读者获得乐趣;若是夹叙夹议的文章,则是表达作者的感悟或给读者某种教育或启示。
(4)广告是作者要推销一种产品或一种服务,因此其目的是吸引更多顾客、游客、读者、订户、观众等。
典例引领(2016江苏,C)
ElNiño,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild”,wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermenwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNiñoseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.
Theweathereffects,bothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNiños,onbalance,th