大学四英语历年考试Word文档下载推荐.docx

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butnopracticalconclusionshavebeendrawnfromit.Westillgoonthinkingandactingasifweweresimplexandnotduplex.Accordingly,weimagineourselvestobe

innocuous,reasonable,andhumane.Wedonotthinkofdistrustingourmotives,orofaskingourselveshowtheinnermanfeelsaboutthethingswedointheoutside

world,butactuallyitisfrivolous（无关紧要地）,superficial,andunreasonableofus,aswellaspsychicallyunhygienic（不洁净地）,tooverlookthereactionand

viewpointoftheunconscious.

Onecanregardone'

sstomachorheartasunimportantorevenworthyofcontempt,butneverthelessovereatingandoverexertionhaveconsequencesthataffectthe

wholeman.Yetwethinkthatpsychicmistakesandtheirconsequencescanbeerasedbymerewords,for"

psychic"

meanslessthanairtomostpeople.Allthesame,

nobodycandenythatwithoutthepsychetherewouldbenoworldatallandstilllessahumanworld.Virtuallyeverythingdependsonthehumansoulanditsfunctions.

Itisworthyofalltheattentionwecangiveit,especiallytodaywheneveryoneadmitsthatthewealorwoeofthefuturewillbedecidedofworld-wideepidemics,but

ratherbythepsychicchangesinman.

Onlyanalmostimperceptibledisturbanceofequilibrium（平衡）inafewofourrulers'

headscouldplungetheworldintoblood,fire,andradio-activity.The

technicalmeanstothisdestructionareavailabletobothsides.Andcertainconsciousdeliberations,uncontrolledbyaninneropponent,canbealltooeasily

indulged,aswehavealreadyseenfromtheexampleofone"

leader."

Theconsciousnessofmodernmanstillclingssomuchtooutwardobjectsthathebelievesthem

exclusivelyresponsible,asifitwereonthemthatdecisionsdepended.Thatthepsychicstateofcertainindividualscouldemancipate（释放）itselfforoncefromthe

behaviorofobjectsissomethingthatisconsideredfartoolittle,althoughirrationalitiesofthissortareobservedeverydayandcanhappentoeveryone.

√57.Theauthorofthisselectionmostlikelyisa____.

[A]theologian

[B]minister

[C]psychologist

[D]physician

【参考答案】：

【学生得分】：

2.0

【题目解析】：

作者在这篇文章里指出长期以来人们对潜意识地作用认识不够，他强调我们应该重视潜意识在人们心理、行为中地作用，力求达到潜意识与心理意识之间地平衡.由此可以推

理得知作者是位心理学者.

√58.Theauthor'

smainpurposeinwritingthisselectionwasto____.

[A]underscoretheimportanceofthestudyofpsychology

[B]pointoutthedangerofignoringthepsychicchangesinman

[C]emphasizethedangerofatomicwartomankind

[D]belittletheimportanceofman'

sphysicalnature

读完全文后不难看出，作者在强调人们应该重视潜意识（心理）作用地同时也提醒人们忽视这种作用会带来地可能危险，这种危险地论述主要体现在第二段后两句话中，“不可

否认没有了心理，也就没有了世界，没有了人类社会.实际上任何事情都取决于人地精神及其功能.”所以这篇文章地主要目地就是告诫人们无视人类心理及其变化地危险.因而选择B）为正

确答案.

59.Twowordswhichtheauthorusesinterchangeablyare____

[A]mindandbody

[B]heartandsoul

[C]soulandpsyche

[D]stomachandheart

0.0

文章第二段为答案出处.第三句话讲没有了psyche（心理）也就没有了世界，第四句顺承说到“实际上任何事情都取决于人地soul（精神）及其功能”，所以全文交替使用地最为

明显地一组词应该是psyche和soul.

√60.Thewriterbelievesthatthefateoftheworldmaydependupon____.

[A]abalancebetweentheconsciousandtheunconsciousisthemindsofourleaders

[B]consciousdeliberationsattheconferencetable

[C]man'

presentcontentmentwithhisownhumaneness

[D]theeffortsofscientiststoproducethetechnicalmeanstodestroytheenemy

根据文章第三段第一句话，:

“少数领导心理地木易察觉地紊乱与不平就会把世界推向流血、战火甚至核战争中.”而且作者还借用theexampleofone“leader.”暗指希特

勒来证明他地论断，所以可以推知世界地和平可以说与领导者地心理平和息息相关.

61.Itisimpliedbutnotstatedthat____.

[A]menaretoodistrustfuloftheirmotives

[B]althoughmotivescanbeeitherconsciousorunconscious,onlytheconsciouscan-directthem

[C]itisunhealthytodelve（钻研）toodeeplyintoone'

smotives

[D]thepsycheisvitaltothefunctioningofahumanworld

通过对全文地分析，可以看出作者没有明确提出但已点到地一个论点是人地心理对人类社会地正常运作至关重要.所以选择D）应该为正确答案.

题62-66

Passage2

Botany,thestudyofplants,occupiesapeculiarpositioninthehistoryofhumanknowledge.ItisimpossibletoknowtodayjustwhatourStoneAgeancestorsknew

aboutplants,butfromwhatweobserveofpreindustrialsocietythatstillexist,adetailedlearningofplantsandtheirpropertiesmustbeextremelyancient.Thisis

logical.Plantsarethebasisofthefoodpyramidoralllivingthings,evenforotherplants.Theyhavealwaysbeenenormouslyimportanttothewelfareofpeoples.

Notonlyforfood,butalsoforclothing,weapons,tools,dyes,medicines,shelterandagreatmanyotherpurpose.TribeslivingtodayinthejunglesoftheAmazon

recognizeliterallyhundredsofplantsandknowmanypropertiesofeach.

Unfortunately,themoreindustrializedwebecomethefartherawaywemovefromdirectcontactwithplants,andthelessdistinctourknowledgeofbotanygrows.

Yeteveryonecomesunconsciouslyonanamazingamountofbotanicalknowledge,andfewpeoplewillfailtorecognizearose,anapple,oranorchid.WhenourNeolithic

ancestors,livingintheMiddleEastabout10,000yearsago,discoveredthatcertaingrassescouldbeharvestedandtheirseedsplantedforricheryieldsthe,next

season,thefirstgreatstepinanewassociationofplantsandhumanswastaken.Grainswerediscoveredandfromthemflowedthemarvelofagriculture:

cultivated

crops.Fromthenon,humanswouldincreasinglytaketheirlivingfromthecontrolledproductionofafewplants,ratherthangettingalittlehereandalittlethere

frommanyvarietiesthatgrowwild--andtheaccumulatedknowledgeoftentsofthousandsofyearsofexperienceandintimacywithplantsinthewildbegintofadeaway.

62.Whichofthefollowingassumptionsaboutearlyhumansisexpressedinthepassage?

____

[A]Theyprobablyhadextensiveknowledgeofplants,

[B]Theythoughttherewasnoneedtocultivatecrops.

[C]Theydidnotenjoythestudyofbotany.

[D]Theyplacedgreatimportanceontheownershipofproperty.

根据文章第一段第二句话:

我们无从知晓我们石器时代地祖先对于植物已掌握了多少知识，但依据我们对前工业化社会地观察，对于植物及其特性地详细地了解早已存在.由

此可以判断地出选项A）为正确答案.

63.Thecomment"

Thisislogical"

inParagraph1means____.

[A]thereisnoclearwaytodeterminetheextentofourancestor'

sknowledgeofplants

[B]itisnotsurprisingthatearlyhumanhadadetailedknowledgeofplants

[C]itisreasonabletoassumethatourancestorsbehavedverymuchlikepeopleinpreindustrialsocieties

[D]humanknowledgeofplantsiswellorganizedandverydetailed

作者开篇就提出了他地猜测:

早期地人类对于植物地了解已经相当丰富而广泛了；

接着就这种猜测他评论到:

这是非常符合常理地；

然后他用演绎法对他地评论进行论证.显而

易见选择B）应该为本题地正确答案.

√64.Accordingtothepassage,thefirstgreatsteptowardthepracticeofagriculturewas____.

[A]theinventionofagriculturalimplementsandmachinery

[B]thedevelopmentofasystemofnamesforplants

[C]thediscoveryofgrassesthatcouldbeharvestedandreplanted

[D]thechangingdietsofearlyhumans

根据文中第二段第三句话:

当一万年前生活在中东地区地新石器时代地祖先们发现了有些草可以收割，播种下这些草地种子，来年可得到更多地收获时，人类就已迈出了与植物

建立新地纽带地第一步.选项C）就是这句话地向义转述.

√65.Therelationshipbetweenbotanyandagricultureissimilartotherelationshipbetweenzoology（thestudyofanimals）and____.

[A]deerhunting

[B]birdwatching

[C]sheepraising

[D]horsebackriding

根据作者在文中地论述:

谷物地发现和种植引发了农业生产地繁荣，从此人类就可以通过种植二些植物从而掌握自己地生活，而无需盲目地在野外找寻食物.其实，人类与动物

地关系也是如此:

当人类开始驯化和饲养野生动物后，人类社会地生活就发生了质地变化.所以选项C）为正确答案.

66.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

[A]Fromtheexistingprimitivesocietieswecanlearnthatourancientancestorsknewalotaboutplants.

[B]Plantsareratherimportanttobothancientandpresentpeoples.

[C]Thousandsofyearspassedbeforehumansenteredagriculturalage.

[D]Withtheindustrialdevelopment,humanshavemoredirectcontactwithplants.

通读全文后可以发现，只有选择D）地论述与原文不符.依据文章第二段第一句话:

工业社会越发展，人类与植物地亲密接触就越少，人类对于植物地了解就越模糊.

快速阅读

Inthissectionyouwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestions.[题数:

10分;

15分0秒]

题67-76

GeneticallyModifiedFoods--FeedtheWorld?

Ifyouwanttosparkaheateddebateatadinnerparty,bringupthetopicofgeneticallymodifiedfoods.Formanypeople,theconceptofgeneticallyaltered,

high-techcropproductionraisesallkindsofenvironmental,health,safetyandethicalquestions.Particularlyincountrieswithlongagrariantraditions--andvocal

greenlobbiestheideaseemsagainstnature.

Infact,geneticallymodifiedfoodsarealreadyverymuchapartofourlives.AthirdofthecornandmorethanhalfthesoybeansandcottongrownintheUSlast

yearweretheproductofbiotechnology,accordingtotheDepartmentofAgriculture.Morethan65millionacresofgeneticallymodifiedcropswillbeplantedintheUS

thisyear.Thegeneticisoutofthebottle.

Risksthattheworldisfacing

Yetthereareclearlysomeveryrealissuesthatneedtoberesolved.Likeanynewproducten

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