中山陵导游词Word格式.docx

中山陵导游词Word格式.docx

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woodcutterinzhoushan"

ashisaliaswhenhetookpartintherevolutionaryactivities,hewasrespectfullyandwidelycalledmr.sunzhongshaninchina.onoctober12,1866,mr.sunwasborninafarmer'

sfamilyincaihengvillageofxiangshancounty（thepresent-dayzhongshangcity）,guangdongprovince.whenhewasstillyoung,hehadgreatexpectations.hestudiedmedicineinhonolulu,hongkongandsomeotherplacesandaftergraduationheworkedasapractitioneringangzhou,macaoandotherplaceslaterhegaveupmedicineashisprofessiontotakepartinpoliticalactivities.in1905,hesetupchinaallianceorganizationinjapanandhewaselectedpresident.heputforwardthefamousguidingprinciple-"

drivingtheinvadersout,restoringthesovereigntyofchina,establishingarepublicandequalizingthelandownership"

andthethreepeople'

sprinciples-"

nationalism,democracyandthepeople'

slivelihood."

onoctober10,1911,thewuchanguprisingbrokeoutanddr.sunaselectedinrterimpresidentoftherepublicofchinabyrepresentativesfromseventeenprovinces.onthefollowingnewyear'

sday（january1,1912）mr.suntooktheoathofofficeinnanjing.fromthenon,mr.sunexperiencedyuanshikai'

susurpation,thesecondrevolution,"

campaignprotectingtheinterimconstitution."

in1921,mr.suntookthepositionofpresidentinunusualtimesinguangzhou.atthefirstnationalcongressofkuomintangheldinquangzhouin1924,heperfectedtheoriginalthreepeople'

sprinciplesandputforwardthreepeople'

snewprinciples.healsoproposedthepoliciesof"

makinganalliancewithrussiaandthecommunistpartyofchinaandhelpingthefarmersandworkers."

innovember1924,inspiteofhisillness,mr.sunwentuptobeijingtodiscussstateaffairswithgeneralfengyuxiang.

Unfortunately,hebrokedownfromconstantoverworkandpassedawayonmarch12,1925.

Thelocationofthemausoleumwaschosenbymr.sunhimself.hereisexactlyagoodplacetobuildamausoleum.youmaywonder:

mr.sunwasborninguangdongbutdiedinbeijing.forhiswholelifehetraveledthroughoutchinafortherevolution.whydidhechoosenanjingasthevenueofhistomb?

Itissaidthatfarbeforemr.suntookofficein1912,theabbotoflingumonasteryhadrecommendedhimthathisplaceisgoodforfengshui,becauseitfacestheplainandisbackedupbygreenmountainsasitsprotectivescreen.onmarch31,1912mr.unresignedasapoliticalcompromiseforthesakeoftheunionofthenorthchinaandthesouthchina.onedayoftheearlyapril,hewenthuntingwithhuhanminaroundthepietytombofmingdynasty.theytookarestintheplacewehrethemausoleumislocatednow.mr.sunlookedaroundandsaid"

ifpossibleiwouldlikemycountrymentoallowmetohavethisplacetoburymycoffin."

surely,thefengshuiofthezijingmountainisnotthebasicreasonforthelocationofmr.sun'

smausoleum.thebasicreasonisthat,hesaidondying"

aftermydeath,youcanburymeatthefootofthezijinmountaininnanjinginmemoryoftherevolutionof1911,becausenanjingiswherethetemporarygovernmentwasfounded."

soalthoughmr.sunstayedinnanjingnotalongtime,ithadaspecialmeaningtohim.fundamentallyspeaking,thereasonhechosezijingmountainashispermanentresting-placeistocommemoratetherevolutionof1911andtoencouragetherevolutionaries.

Inordertorespectmr.sun'

swish,thepreparatorycommitteeofsunyat-sen'

sfuneral,includinghiswifesongqinglingandhissonsunke,examinedtheareaandchosethesiteforthemausoleum.theydelimited2000muandofferedarewardinnewspaperforthebestdesignofthemausoleum.amongallthecontribution,youngarchitect

luyanzhi`sdesign,adesignintheshapeofabell,washighlypraisedandgainedthefirstprizeandhehimselfwasinvitedtosupervisethewholeprojectaswell.

Onmarch12,1926,thefirstanniversaryofmr.sun'

sdeath,theprojectgotstartedand3yearslater,itwascompletedinspringof1929.itcost1.5millionsilvercollarstotally.

　　unfortunately,luyanzhi,theyoungarchitectwithgreatgift,sufferedwhensupervisingtheproject,anddiedat35,justbeforethecompletionofthemausoleum.thecompletionceremonywasheldonjune1,1929andmr.sun'

sremainswastransportedfrombeijingtonangjing.fromthenon,mr.sunhassleptherefornearly70years.

Theconstructionofdr.sunyat-sen'

smausoleumwasanimportanteventinthehistoryofnanjing.inordertomeetmr.sun'

scoffin,thefirstasphaltroadwasbuiltfromzhongshanportinthewesttozhongshangateintheeast;

itis12kilometresinlengthandalsocalledzhongshanroad.uptotoday,zhangshanroadisstilloneofthemostimportantmainroads.atthesametime,thecitygatechaoyanggatewhichwasbuiltinmingdynastywasrenovatedandchangeditsnametozhongshangate.betweenzhongshanggateanddr.sunyat-sen'

smausoleum,aroadcalledthemausoleumroadwasbuilt.justasthepeopleofparistakeprideoftheirleschamps-elyseesandthepeopleofnewyork,thefifthavenue,thenanjingpeopleareprondoftheirboulevards.andthe3kilometerslongmausoleumroadisundoubtedlythebestrepresentativeoftheseboulevards.alongbothsidesofthe"

greencorridor"

growsthemainkindoftreeinnanjingasparasolsusuallychinesepeoplecallthemfrenchplanetrees,infacttheyarechineselocalproducts.justbecausefrenchmentookthemfromyunnanprovincetofranceandlatertheytransplantedthemintheirleasedterritoryinshanghai,thatiswhytheygotsuchaname.

Now,wearegoingoutofthezhongshangateanddrivingalongthemausoleumroad.thedestinationaheadisasquareinshapeofcrescent,accordingtoluyanzhi'

sdesign,theplaceofthemausoleumislikea"

duo"

abigwoodenbell,whichwasusedtoannounceapolicy,decreeorawarinancienttime.duo'

ssoundisloudandclear,implyingtomakethewholeworldpeacefulandhappy.thedesignremindsthepeopleofdr.sunyat-sen'

swell-knownsaying"

therevolutionisfarfromsuccessandweshouldcontinueworkinghard."

thissayingalsoservessanalerttothelatergeneration.thecrescent-shapedsquareisthebottomofthe"

belloffreedom"

.

Now,pleaselooktothesouth.thereisaoctagonplatformstructuredwithreinforcedconcretebutcoveredwithjinshanstoneofsuzhou.theplatformisdividedintothreelayersandeachlayerisenclosedbystonerails.thecopper"

ding"

（anancientcookingvessel）withtwoloopedhandlesandtwolegsweighs5000kg.itis4.25metershighanditsdiameteris1.23meters.itisoneoftheconstructionformemoryofthemausoleum.the"

ding"

wasbuiltinautumn,1933withdonationofstudentsandteachingstaffofthezhongshanuniversityandmr.daijitao.onesideofthe"

isengravedwiththreecharacters"

intelligence,humanityandbrevity"

.thesethreewordsaretheschoolinstructionofzhongshanuniversity.insideofthe"

standsahexagoncoppertabletonwhichdaijitao'

smother'

shandwritingofthe"

filialpiety"

isengraved.tothebell-shapedmausoleumthe"

isjustlikethependulum.itseemstoservetoalarmthewholenationbystrikingthebell.

Steppingonthesteps,wewillseeasoaringmemorialarchwaywithfourcolumns.thearchwaywasbuiltbetween1931and1933,12metershightand17.3metersinwidth.itismadeofhugegranitefromfujianprovince,butitsstructureisinchinesetraditionalwoodstructurestyle.now,lookupattheshiningwordsinscribedonthehorizontalboard.thewordinenglishmeanfraternity.theywerewrittenbydr.sunyat-sen.thewordaretakenfromatangdynastypoethanyu'

s"

fraternityishumanity"

.itissaidthatmr.sunverymuchlikedtowritethesetwowordstoothers.dr.sundevotedhiswholelifetobourgeoisdemocraticrevolutionwithgreatfraternityandstruggledforthenationalindependenceandfreedomfroscoresofyears.sowecansaythat"

fraternity"

isthebestgeneralizationofhislife.

Furtherfromthefraternityarchway,thereisaroadleadingtothemausoleum.theroadis480meterslonganddozensofmeterswide.thewholedesignofthemausoleumgivesprominencetochinesetraditionalstyle,grand,solemnandspecific.inordertoembodythegreatnessofmr.sun,themausoleumfollowedtheexampleofancientmausoleumsandwasbuiltagainstmountainsandthecoffinchamberwasplacedatthetopofthemountainthatis160metershigh.inaddition,theplantsofthemausoleumaresymmetric,whichmakeitfeelmoresolemn.now,pleaselookforwardtothenorth,alongthehillside,situatethemausoleumgate,thestelepavilion,thememorialhallandthecoffinchamberrightbehind.thepines,cypresses,ginkgoesandmaplesonthebothsidesoftheroadrepresentmr.sun'

srevolutionaryspiritandloftyquality.theytaketheplaceofstatuesandstonebeastswhichusuallyflankedthesacredroadinancienttimes.amongthetrees,cedarisoneofthe"

fourkindsoftreeforappreciation"

andhasbeenhonoredasthetreeofnanjingcity.thegrandarchwayattheendofthemausoleumroadistheformalbeginningofthemausoleumarea.itis16metershigh,2