Unit3 Goods Move People Move Ideas MoveWord文档格式.docx

Unit3 Goods Move People Move Ideas MoveWord文档格式.docx

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Threepointsaremadeinthispart:

（1）Westernizationisnotastraightroadtohell,ortoparadiseeither.

（2）Culturesareasresourceful,resilient,andunpredictableasthepeoplewhocomposethem.

（3）Teenagersareoneofthepowerfulenginesofmergingglobalcultures.

PartIV（Paras.10-13）

Thispartdescribestheauthor’sexperiencewithAmandaFreeman,a“coolhunter.”

PartV（Paras.14-19）

Inordertoprovethatthetrendistowardfusion,theauthorusesTomSloperandmah-jongasanexample.

PartVI（Para.20）

Thisisatransition,usingChina’schangeinthepast20yearsasanexample.

PartVII（Paras.21-24）

ThispartdealswithculturaltrendsinShanghai.

PartVIII（Paras.25-28）

TheauthorusesherexperienceattheShanghaiTheatreAcademytoillustrateherpointthatthechangeisatthelevelofideas.

PartIX（Paras.29-34）

Inthispart,theauthorintroducesAlvinToffler’sviewonconflict,changeandtheworldorder.

PartX（Para.35）

Asumming-upoflinking---goodsmove,peoplemoveandideasmove.

PartXI（Para.36）

Conclusion:

Theresultoflinkingischangewhich 

meanstransformationofeachother.

PartXII（Paras.37-39）

TheauthoragainusesanexamplefromShanghaitoillustratethetransformationofcultures.

PartVIII（Para.40）

Linkingintheend 

meansthelinkingofheart.

II.DetailedAnalysisoftheText

1.QuestionsonParagraph1:

●Howdoestheauthorbeginthisarticle?

WhydoesshequoteMarxandEngels?

Theauthorbeginsthearticlewiththestatement“Todayweareinthethroesofaworldwidereformationofcultures”whichiscalledglobalization.Heretheauthorpointsoutthatglobalizationisaworldwidemovementandamovementofreformationofcultures.Shedoesnotsay,“mergingofcultures”but“reformationofcultures,”indicatingthattheculturesintheworldwillcontinuetoexistbuttheywillnotexistunchanged.

●Theauthorthensaysthatglobalizationisnotanexactwordtodescribethechanges.Why?

TheauthorquotesMarxandEngelstoproveherpoint.Accordingtopolls,MarxandEngelsareratedamongthemostinfluentialfiguresofthepastonethousandyears.Theauthor’sintentionistwo-fold:

ontheonehandshewantstoshowthatglobalizationhasresultedfromtheriseofmodernindustryandworldmarkets;

ontheothershewantstostressthatitisaprocessandahistoricalprocessatthat.

Editor’snote:

ThefavorablereceptionintheWestofChineseKunQu（昆曲）“PeonyPavilion”（牡丹亭）,thepopularityofKoreanfilmsinChina,theuproarovertaintedmilkpowderinvolvingaChinese-NewZealandjointventurecompany,thealarmcausedinternationallybybirdfluareallexamplesofthedevelopmentofglobalization.

2.Todayweareinthethroesofaworldwidereformationofcultures,atectonicshiftofhabitsanddreamscalled,inthecuriousvocabularyofsocialscientists,“globalization.”（Para.1）

inthethroesof:

intheactofstrugglingwith（aproblem,decision,task,etc.）

Translation:

今天我们正经历着一种世界范围文化剧变的阵痛,一种习俗与追求的结构性变化,用社会科学家奇特的词汇来称呼这种变化，就叫“全球化”。

3.Inplaceoftheoldwants,requiringfortheirsatisfactiontheproductsofdistantlandsandclimes,...（Para.1）

Paraphrase:

Insteadofpeople’straditionalneeds,wefindnew“felt”needs,demandinggoodsfromdistantandfar-offplacestomeetthem.

Note:

Theobjectof“requiring”is“theproducts;

“fortheirsatisfaction”isanadverbialphrase,showingpurpose.

4.Theirstatementnowdescribesanordinaryfactoflife.（Para.1）

MarxandEngelsmadetheprediction150yearsago.Buttodayitisnotapredictionbutsomethingthathappenseveryday.

5.Howpeoplefeelaboutthisdependsagreatdealonwheretheyliveandhowmuchmoneytheyhave.（Para.2）

People’sattitudetowardglobalizationistoagreatextentdeterminedbywhethertheyareindevelopedorlessdevelopedcountriesandwhethertheyareamongthehavesorthehave-nots.

Theauthoristoalargeextentcorrectinmakingthisstatement.AccordingtopollsintheU.S.,theattitudetowardsglobalizationhasalottodowithaperson’slevelofincomeandeducation.Ananalysisoftheeconomicsituationintheworldinrecentyearsshowsthatmostofthebenefitsofglobalizationhavegonetothedevelopedworld,hencethedissatisfactionandresentmentofmanyintheThirdWorld.

6.Yetglobalization,asonereportstated,“isareality,notachoice.”（Para.2）

Globalizationisnotsomethingthatyoucanacceptorreject;

itisalreadyafactoflife,whichyouwillencounterandhavetorespondtoeveryday.

7.Humanshavebeenweavingcommercialandculturalconnectionssincebeforethefirstcamelcaravanventuredafield.（Para.2）

caravan:

acompanyoftravelers,esp.ofmerchantsorpilgrimstravelingtogetherforsafety,asthroughadesert

venture:

toundertaketheriskof,tobrave

afield:

away（fromhome）

Peopleintheworldmadecommercialandculturalcontactslongbeforemerchantsoncamelsriskedtravelingtoplacesfarawayfromhome.

8.wrought（Para.2）:

（pastparticipleofwork）toproduceresultsorexertaninfluence

9.Telegraph...betweenindividualsandthewiderworld.（Para.2）

Theinventionofthetelegraphbroughtindividualsandtheoutsideworldcloserbutatthesametimetheconnectionwasmorecomplex,lessdirect,notsoeasytoseeordetect.

电报、电话、收音机和电视把个人和外部世界更紧密地连在一起,这种联系更为复杂、不那么直接也不易察觉。

Theauthoruses“intricate”and“complicated”todescribetheconnectionbecausewiththeemergenceofadvancedtechnology,theconnectionisnotonlyfasterbutalsomoredifficulttosee,toexplain.Forexample,connectionwiththeoutsideworldthroughwatchingcableTVorlisteningtoradioislesstangibleandmuchlessdirectthancamelcaravans.Butaconnectionisestablished.TelegraphandInternetconnectionsareexamples.YoucanconnectthroughtheInternettoapersonyoumayneverhaveactuallymetinperson.

10.Still,thebasicdynamicremainsthesame:

Goodsmove.Peoplemove.Ideasmove.（Para.3）

dynamic:

aforceproducingmotionorchange

“Still”hereintroducesacontrast.Paragraph2tellsthereadersthatmoderntechnologymakestheconnectionsandchangesfasterandmorecomplicated.Paragraph3stressesthatthebasicpatternisthesame.Thedifferenceliesinthespeedandscopeofchange.

11.QuestionsonParagraph4：

（1）HowdoWesternsocialscientists,anthropologistsandpoliticiansviewthetrendtowardglobalization?

Doestheauthoragree?

Whatisyourview?

ManymembersofthesegroupsbelievethatglobalizationwillresultinthespreadofAmericangoodsaswellasAmericanvaluesandculture,andthattheconsequencewillinevitablybetheAmericanizationoftheworld.

Theauthorisnotsopessimistic.ShedoesnotthinkthatglobalizationmeansAmericanization;

shebelievesavarietyofcultureswillcontinuetoexist,butthattheywillallbechanged.Thiscanbeseeninheropeningstatement,inPara.3-4,andinherconcludingparagraph.

Thefactorsmentionedbythecriticsofglobalizationdoexist.TheUnitedStates,astheworld’sonlysuperpower,hastakenadvantageofglobalizationtogreatlyexpanditsexportsofgoodsaswellasideasandvalues.IfyougoontheInternet,theoverwhelmingamountofinformationisinEnglish.Ininternationalbusiness,theprevalentmeansofcommunicationisEnglish.ThatiswhycriticsincludetheEnglishlanguageaspartofthe“culturalassault”.ThisconcernissharedbysomeChinesecitizens/intellectuals.Butglobalizationisadouble-edgedsword,whichmeansitcancuteitherway.Advantagesanddisadvantagescoexist.Thedeterminingfactorisgovernmentpolicy.Closed-doorpolicieshaveprovedtobedisastrous.

Sotheonlyfeasibleapproachistomakefulluseoftheadvantagesandtominimizethenegativeeffects.

（2）Istheauthor’sdescriptionofthebookChinaCanSayNoaccurate?

No.‘TheburningofHollywood’isthesubtitleforasectioninthebookinwhichtheauthorsdiscusstheburningofHollywoodfilmsbytheFrench–itisnotadvicetotheChinese.TheauthorsaidhewouldnotflyonaBoeing777,notbecauseofanti-Americanism,butbecauseoftechnicalflawsinthedesign.Sinceitisbasedoninaccurateinformation,heranalysiscannotbecorrect.

Theauthormakesthreemorecrucialpoints:

thatthebookisanexampleof“exploitingnationalistanxieties”,thatChinastrugglesbetweenxenophobiaandambition,thatthebook’scentralthemeisthatChinesepeopleshouldnotbelieveblindlyinforeignthings.

12.Whatevertheirbackgroundsoragendas,thesecriticsareconvincedthatWestern—oftenequatedwithAmerican—influenceswillflatteneveryculturalcrease,producing,asoneobservertermsit,onebig“McWorld.”（Para.4）

agenda:

programofthingstobedone

crease:

afoldorwrinkle

McWorld:

aworldmodeledonMcDonald’s,meaningaworldfilledwithAmericangoodsandculture

Western...influenceswilloverwhelmallnon-westerncultures,makingthemlosetheirownuniquecharacteristics,sothatintheendtherewillexistonlyonewesternizedorAmericanizedworldorculture.

不管他们的背景和纲领如何,这些对全球化持反对态度的人深信西方的影响——往往等同于美国的影响——会把所有文化上的差异一一压平,就像一位观察家所说的,最终产生一个麦当劳世界,一个充满美国货和体现美国价值观的世界。

13.Popularfactionssprouttoexploitnationalistanxieties.…suggestingthatHollywoodbeburned.（Para.5