英语语法Word下载.docx
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5、过去完成时haddone
（1）before/bytheendof/bythetimeof/oftheendof/atthetimeof+过去的时间
IhadpickedupEnglishbytheendof5yearsold.
（2）nosoonerhad….thandid
Hardly…..when一…….就
Nosoonerhadheenteredtheclassroomthanhebegantored.
他一回家就把包放在地板上。
Nosoonerhadhegonehomethatheputthebagonthefloor.
我一看到你翻译的句子就来气。
HardlyhadIseenyoutranslatedsentencewhenIbecomeangry.
6、将来完成时willhavedone
（1）before+将来动作
Iwillhavepassedthefifthgatebeforetheclassisover.
（2）Bytimeof/attheendof/atthetimeof+将来时间
到月底这个桥将会完工。
Bytheendofthismonththebridgewillhavebeenfinished.
7、完成进行时havebeendoing
Whole/allthe…..
Hehasbeentalkingallthewholeclass.
8、将来时
（1）willdo/begoingtodo
Itisgoingtorain.
（2）Betodo
Mr.RushistovisitchinanextFriday.
ProfessorwangistohaveusalectureonAmericanmilitaryexercisenextTuesday。
（3）go,come,arrive,takeoff,leave,
Heisleavingforshanghaitomorrow.
（4）过去将来时woulddo
HesaidhewouldcommitsuicideifhecouldnotenterTHGollege.
（5）将来进行时willbedoing
Iwillbehavingnightsnacksatthistimeoftomorrow.
【】虚拟语气
假的、不可能实现的愿望、推荐、命令
IwillthatIwereamillionaire.
考点
条件句：
if=provided=providing=suppose=supposing
现在：
if主+did主语would/could/might/do（不可用should）
IfIhadahelicopter（直升机）Iwouldgobackinaminute.
过去：
if主语haddone主wouldhavedone表对过去愿望假设
IfyouhadtoldmethenewsinadvanceIwouldnothavebeenshocked.
将来：
if主语weretoshoulddo主语woulddo
Ifyouwerefreetomorrow，youwouldsleepin睡懒觉。
【】
1、省略条件
If……….were/had/should若条件句中出现were/had/should可以省略if，将were/had/should置于句首
IfIhad5wives，Iwouldbehappy.
---HadI5wives,Iwouldbehappy.
IfIwerenottobefree,Iwouldnotgowithyou.
---WereInotbefree,Iwouldnotgowithyou.
Hadhegonewithme,hewouldhavebeen（be）happy.
Shouldyougo,Iwouldsolvetheproblem.
2、隐含条件
Iftherewerenowater,therewouldnotbemodernindustry.
--Withoutwater,therewouldnotbemodernindustry.
引导词：
without,or,otherwise,butfor,thanksto+词和词组，不加句子
Thankstoyoutimelyadvice,orIwouldnothavesucceeded.
要不是听了你的建议，我就不会实施这个计划了。
Butforfollowingyouadvice,Iwouldnotcarriedouttheplan.
3、错综条件句：
if主语haddone，主语woulddo
现在：
now，atthemoment,atpresent
IfIhadkilledyou,youwouldnotbesmilingnow.
二宾语从句中的虚拟
1、主wish/wouldrather/wouldsooner/wouldjustassoon（that）主did…..现在
Iwish（that）Iwerethemayorofwuxi.
Iwouldratherthatyouwerenotintheclassroom..
主wish/wouldrather/wouldsooner/wouldjustassoonthathad…….过去
IwishthatIhadfollowedyouadvicelastweek.
2、主advice/suggest/propose/order/recommend/urge/require/demand/insistmaintain/preferthat
Isuggestedthathenotgiveuptheplan.
Iinsiststhattheplan（should）notbegivenup.
三、主语从句虚拟
1、itis/was形容词（important,vital,necessary,essential,critical,crucial）that主语（should）do
Itisvitalthathe（should）getadiploma.（文凭）
2、itisdonethat主语（should）do
Itissuggestedthathe（should）notstayinthe5-starhotel.
4、itis名词that主语shoulddo
Itishisrequirementthatheshouldgiveuptheplan.
Hissuggestionthatsheshouldcarryouttheplanisaccepted.
四1、ifonly主语did…..现在
Ifonly主语haddone…..过去
IfonlyIhadhadKFCyesterday.
2、asif/asthough好像
Heisalittlemanasifhewereababy.
Heisfamiliartoherasifhehadseenherinthepast.
Lest/forfearthat主shoulddo以防万一用lest,should可省
Iwillreadslowlylesthe（should）notunderstand.
3、Itishighlytimethat主did
Itishighlytimethatwehadourdinner。
【】倒装句
1、全部倒装：
动词+主语
2、部分倒装：
助动词（do,dose,can,did）主语+动词
（一）、部分倒装考点
A．虚拟语气倒装
If主语+be/were/should主语would+…..
Shouldbetellmethenews,Iwouldnotfellsurprised.
Hadhetoldmethenews,Iwouldnothaveself（feel）surprised.
B．so…….肯定……也
Neither/nor……否定……也不
Theylikesoybeanmilk,sodoeshe.
Hedidn’tfearexam,neither/nordidhefearfailure.
3、否定词、半否定词放在句首、主语部分倒装
NotuntillastweekdidIknowthathesucceeded.
（1）not,no,nowhere,notuntil
NowherecanyoufindsuchabeautifulplaceasTHC.
（2）表示否定词词组
Atnotime,bynotime,innoway,onaccount,in/undernocircumstances
Bynomeanswillweresortto（借助于）violence（暴力）.
他绝不会是第一个使用核武器的。
Innowaywillhebethefirsttousnuclearweapon.
（3）Seldom（很少），little，few，hardly,scarcely,rarely,barely,when
Hardlyhadwebeganourclasswhenheentered.
（4）As……引导让步状语从句，尽管，虽然……强调一个词+as+句子
Studentasheis,hedrivescartogotoschool.
（5）So+ADJ/ADV开头，倒装that+句子
Somuchdoesheexpendeveryweekthathisfamilycannotsupporthim.
（6）Only+状语开头+主句倒转
只有你得到充足的证据，你才能得到正确的结论。
Onlywhenyouhaveobtainedsufficientdatacanyouarriveatsoundconclusion.
Onlyafterayeardidhebegintoseetheresultofhiswork.
直到你回来，我才去上海。
OnlywhenyoucomebackwillIleaveforshanghai.
只有我们上英语课，才意识到我的英语很差。
OnlywhenwebegantohavetheEnglishclassdidIrealizethatmyEnglishwasveryfool.
二、全部倒装
1、表语放在句首：
is
2、地点放在句首
OurTHCollegeislocatedinthewestofwuxi.
InthewestofwuxiislocatedTHCollege.
3、直接宾语放在句首
“Let’sgoback”saidheboy.
4、方位词放在句首there，here，then，now主语是名词
Upisgoingtheprice.Thepriceisgoingup.
Awayfliedthedances.
【】语法4状语从句
1、时间状语从句：
when,as,whiledoing,until,since,eversince,everytime,eachtime;
Assoonas,themoment,bythetime,endof,nosoonerthan,hardlywhen
（1）when,as,while
Asyougrowup,youwillbeexperienced.
HeiswritingwhilesheiswatchingTV.
（2）Until,notuntil
NotuntilhetoldmenewsdidIfeelatease.
Once….一旦…..
Onceyouhavegotagoodopportunity,youshouldavailit.
（3）Since,eversince
Ithasbeen8yearssincewebegantoknow.
（4）Assoonas
Hesetabouthisworkthemomentheenteredtheoffice.
Setup建立establish=buildupsetout/off出发，动身去….Setabout开始，着手于
（5）Before，bythetime/endof+过去，用haddone
+将来，将来完成
HehadbeenintheclassroombeforeIcomehere.
（6）Nosooner….than,hardlywhen
我一到教室就看书。
NosoonerhadIenteredtheclassroom,thanIbegantoreadthebook.
2、地点状语从句where，wherever
Makeamarkwhereyougo.
Whereyougo,youwillalwaysfindyoufriends.
3、原因状语
Because，for,since=nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat,onthegroundthat
（1）Nowthatyouhaveworkedoutaplan,itshouldbepractical.
（2）Seeingthat,consideringthat考虑到，鉴于
Seeingthatyouarepoor,thebackwillnotmakealoantoyou.
（3）Inthatonthegroundthat因为，就在于（放于句中）
Hefailedagaininhisbusinessinthathewastoosnobbish.
（4）目的状语sothat,inorderthat,least,forfearthat；
case
Youmakeyoureffortstostudy,sothatyourparentsaremoved.
Hebuysbreakfastforhereverymorninglestsheleavehim.
（5）So+ADJ/ADVthat,such+n……that结果somany/much+名词
Heissogenerousthatmanygirlsgoafterhim.
（6）条件状语从句
If，provide,unless,aslongas=onconditionthat只要
Theybabynevercriesunlessheishungry.
Thebabywillcryifheinhungry.
Aslongasyoukeepitsecret,Iwillinformyouofthenews.
Iwillpromiseyoutoimplementtheplanonconditionthatyouprovideadequatefund.
（7）方式状语Asif,asthough,thewayas,做得方式
Sheistalkativeasifshewereanoldlady.
Hedidn’tdothewayIdid.
（8）比较状语
As…as原级more….than比较级less…than原级
A、倍数timesas/more
Hisweightistwiceasheavyashers.
Theroomis4timesbiggerthanthekitchen.
B、Themore…..themore…..越……越…..
Themoreyouabsorbknowledge,themoreyouwillbestupid.
C、Less….than不如…..
Irunlessfastthanyou.
（9）让步状语
Although+句子despite=inspiteof+词/词组
Althoughheisprominent,heholdsaminorposition.
Evenif/though既使…..
（10）程度状语
Tosuchanextent/tosuchadegree达到….程度
Thetemperatureloweredtosuchadegreethatthewaterfroze.
【】主谓一致
Itwasattheuniversitythatthefriendshipbetweenthenarriveditshighestpoint.
Iwhoamyourteacherwilltrymybest.
Thefootballteamareexercisingontheplayground.
就近：
or,either……or,neither….nor,notonly…..butalso,not….but
非就近：
aswellas,nolessthan,ratherthan,morethan,inadditionwith,dowith,togetherwith,except,live,that
连接主语：
and
1、同一个人，物………单数
Thepresidentand（the）officemanageraregoingforbusiness.
Thewaterandblackcatisbitingbones.
2、Manya,no,every,each+并列单数名词
50kilometersisveryfarforamantowalk.
3、Of词组
（1）分数，百分数，of-后用单数is
35percentofthestudentsaretofailintheexam.
Alotofwateriswasted.
（2）Alotof,apileof,aseriesof,aportionof,acommittedof，apanelof不管单复数，后谓用单
Aseriesofcampaignshasbeengoingon.
Portion部分proportion比例beinproportion成比例
4、Anu
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