考试宝典职称英语考试卫生类阅读判断练习题二.doc

考试宝典职称英语考试卫生类阅读判断练习题二.doc

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职称英语考试宝典系列软件

　【考试宝典】2014年职称英语考试卫生类阅读判断练习题

（二）

UsingHIVVirustoCureCancer

　　Scientistsareplanningtousehumanimmunodeficiency（免疫缺陷）virus（HIV），oneofmankind'smostfearedviruses，asacarrierofgeneswhichcanfightcancerandarangeofdiseasesthatcannotbecured.TheexpelssayHIVhasanalmostperfectabilitytoavoidthebody'simmune（免疫的）defenses，makingitidealforcarryingreplacementgenesintopatients'bodies，accordingtotheObservef

　　AteamattheCalifornia-basedSalkInstitute，oneoftheworld'sleadingresearchcentersonbiologicalsciences，hascreatedaspecialnewbreedofHIVandhasstartednegotiationswiththeU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration（FDA）tobeginclinicalgenetherapy（治疗）trialsthisyear.ThefirsttrialsareexpectedtoinvolvepatientssufferingfromcancersthatcannotbecuredbysurgeryalthoughprojectleaderProfessorInderVermasaidtheHIVtechniquewouldhave"farwiderapplications".

　　Theplanremainsverylikelytocausecontroversysinceitinvolvesmakinguseofaviruswhichhascausedmorethan22milliondeathsaroundtheworldinthepasttwodecades.VermasaidthattheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposewas"shocking''butthefiercenatureofHIVhaddisappearedbyhavingallsixofthepotentiallydeadlygenesremoved.

　　Illnessessuchasvariouscancersarecausedwhenageneinapatient'sbodyfailstoworkproperly.Inthepasttwoyears，breakthroughsingenetics（遗传学）haveledgenetherapyscientiststotryandreplacethegenesthatdonotfunctionnormally.

　　Unfortunately.thebody'simmunedefenseshavebeenknowntoattackthemodifiedgenesandmakethemlosetheireffectsbeforetheycanstarttheirtaskandprogressinthefieldhasbeenheldupbythelackofasuitablecarrier.

　　TheHIVvirushastheabilitytoescapefrOm。

andthendestroy，theImmunedefense

　　cellsdesignedtoprotectourbodiesandthismakesitattractivetoscientistsasawayof

　　secretlyconveyingreplacementgenesintopatients'bodies.

　　1.FDAhasapprovedtheplanofusingHIVtocurecancerinhumans

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　2.TheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposehasbeenwidelyaccepted

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　3.HIVcanbesafelyusedtocurecanceronlyifthedeadlygeneshavebeenremoved

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　4.TheHIVvirusisanexcellentwarriortofightthebody'simmunecells

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　5.Othercountriesarealsoexpectedtobeginclinicalgenetherapytrialssoon

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　6.ItisthelackofmoneythathashelduDtheprogressinusingreplacementgenestocurecancen

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　7.TheHIVvirushascausedmoredeathsindevelopedcountries

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　答案：

　1.B　　2.B　　3.A　　4.A　　5.C　　6.B　　7.C

Beforethewidespreaduseofcomputers,managerscouldnotmakefulluseoflargeamountsofvaluableinformationaboutacompany'sactivities.Theinformationeitherreachedmanagerstoolateorwastooexpensivetobeused.Today,managersarefacingawiderangeofdataprocessingandinformationinstruments.Inplaceofafewfinancialcontrols,managerscandrawoncomputer-basedinformationsystemstocontrolactivitiesineveryareaoftheircompany.Onanykindsofperformancemeasures,theinformationprovidedbythesesystemshelpsmanagerscomparestandardswithactualresults,findoutproblems,andtakecorrectiveactionbeforeitistoolatetomakechanges.

　　Theintroductionofcomputerizedinformationsystemshassharplychangedmanagementcontrolinmanycompanies.Evenaneighborhoodshopkeepermaynowusecomputerstocontrolsales,billing,andotheractivities.Inlargecompanies,electronicdataprocessingsystemsmonitorentireprojectsandsetsofoperations.

　　Now,thereareabout24millionmicrocomputersinuseintheUnitedStates——oneforevery10citizens.Itisestimatedthatby1996,61percentofAmericanmanagerswillbeusingsomesortofelectronicworkstation.Inorderformanagerstobesurethatthecomputer-basedinformationtheyarereceivingisaccurate,theyneedtounderstandhowcomputerswork.However,inmostcasestheydonotneedtolearnhowtoprogramcomputers.Rather,managersshouldunderstandhowcomputerizedinformationsystemswork;howtheyaredeveloped;theirlimitationsandcosts;andthemannerinwhichinformationsystemsmaybeused.Suchanunderstandingisnotdifficulttoachieve.

　　Oneresearchfoundthatbusinessfirmsweremoresuccessfulinteachingbasicinformationaboutcomputerstobusinessgraduatesthantheywereinteachingbusinesssubjectstocomputersciencegraduates.

　　16Today,conventionalfinancialcontrolsarestillexercisedinsomeminorareassuchasbillingandvocationaltraining.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmention