英语四六级考试译文笔记第8篇Word文件下载.docx
《英语四六级考试译文笔记第8篇Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语四六级考试译文笔记第8篇Word文件下载.docx(23页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
iswithinthe
company.我拿不太准自己在公司里有甚么职责。
•Athermostat
performs
the
controllingtemperature.自动调温器的功用是控制温度。
外刊例句:
Thatsumsup
oneof
theimportantfunctionsof
thewindpipe:
keepingbacteriaandother
particlesintheairoutofthelungs,wheretheycouldcausepotentially
fatalinfections.(TheNewYorkTimes)
替换表达:
oneofthemainfunctionsof
学生错误表达:
(1)
oneoftheimportantcontributionsof
点评:
contribution是指“贡献”,与“功能”不同。
2-preparestudentsforasmoothtransitionintosociety
andtheworkplace
preparesbforsth/todosth意为“使某人准备好(做)某事”。
transition
tran·
si·
tion/
træ
nˈzɪʃən
;
/noun
C,Uformal
1.whensomethingchangesfromoneformorstatetoanother过渡;
转变,变迁:
transitionfromsthtosth
•thesmooth
transitionfromfulltimeworktofullretirement从全职工作到完全退休的顺利过渡
•Makingthe
transitionfromyouthtoadulthoodcanbeverypainful.从青少年过渡到成年有时是一个非常痛苦的过程。
•asocietythatis
intransition(=changing)一个正在转型的社会
•theperiodof
transitiontofulldemocracy向全面民主的过渡时期
TheestablishmentoftheUN-backedGovernmentofNational
AccordinDecember2015wassupposedtoguaranteeLibya’s
transitioninto
apeaceful,unified
country,whereelectedofficialsratherthanarmedmilitantsgovern.(The
Economist)
makepreparationforsteadytransformationforthe
societyandworking
transformation含义是“彻底改观,大变样”,与transition(过渡)不同。
(2)
transitsteadilytowardssocietyandworkpositions
transit作动词时,含义是“通过或穿过”,例如:
aircraft
transitingtheUnitedStatesandCanada飞越美国和加拿大的飞机,在这里使用transit不合适。
如果要表示动词形式的“过渡”,可以用transition
(3)
students'
preparationforthefuturecareer
表达太过简略,不够准确。
(4)
preparestudentstofitintothesocietyandensure
theirsmoothtransitiontothejobpositions
这里society是泛指,前面不能加冠词,要改为fitintosociety;
thejobpositions也不够准确,应该改为theworkplace
3-studentparticipationandinteraction
名词可以作定语,所以这里student不需复数,也不需所有格。
participation
par·
ti·
ci·
pa·
pɑrˌtɪsəˈpeʃən
pɑːˌtɪsəˈpeɪʃən
/nounU
1.theactoftakingpartinanactivityorevent参加,参与:
•Thankyouforyour
participation.谢谢你的参与。
[+
in
]
•Wewantmore
participationinthedecision-making.我们想更多地参与决策。
•entertainmentwith
plentyofaudienceparticipation有许多观众参与的娱乐活动
interaction
UK
[ˌɪn.tə'
ræ
k.ʃən]
US
[-tˌɚ-]
or
uncountable
■whentwoormorepeopleorthingscommunicatewithor
reacttoeachother
交流,交往;
相互作用,相互影响
•There'
snotenough
interaction
between
themanagementandtheworkers.管理部门与工人之间的沟通不足。
•Languagegamesareusuallyintendedtoencouragestudent
interaction.语言游戏通常用来鼓励学生间的交流。
•Theplayfollowsthe
interactions
ofthree
verydifferentcharacters.该剧以三个性格迥异的人物之间的交往为主线展开情节。
ThisnetworkmeansastudentsittinginthePhilippinescan
undertakeanMBAdegreefromtheUniversityofSurreyintheU.K.,complete
withtutorialsupportandstudent
interaction
fromSTI.(TheEconomist)
学生替换表达:
attendandinteractinclasses
attend不够准确,这里可以改为participate;
interact后面一般要加介词with,可以改为interactwithothersinclass,即participate
andinteractwithothersinclass
takepartincourseinteractions
一般说法是takepartinclasscourses,后面的interaction可以改为andinteractwithothers
4-foster
fɒs.tər]
fɑ:
.stɚ]
verb
ENCOURAGE
鼓励
transitive
■toencouragethe
developmentorgrowthofideasorfeelings
鼓励;
促进;
培养
mtryingto
aninterestin
classicalmusic
mychildren.我正努力培养我的孩子们对古典音乐的兴趣。
•Theywerediscussingthebestwayto
democracyandprosperityintheformercommunistcountries.他们正在讨论促进前共产主义国家民主和繁荣的最佳办法。
Nowthoseschoolsthemselvesneedtobechanged,to
thecreativitythathumans
willneedtosetthemapartfromcomputers.(TheEconomist)
promote/cultivate/develop
Q:
参考翻译中用了shouldbe,不是很理解这里为什么要用虚拟语气?
A:
这里不是虚拟语气,这里只是情态动词+动词原形而已。
请问老师,“workplace”是可数名词,这里为什么不用复数呢?
是用“theworkplace”宽泛指代工作岗位
theworkplace是一个固定说法,表示“工作场所”,这个用法可以记起来。
theworkplace
variant
used
ingeneralforreferringtoplaceswherepeoplework
discrimination
intheworkplace
Thesaurus:
general
wordsforofficesandtheworkplacehyponym
workplace字典译文工作场所,会不会working
post更合适呢?
这里不可以根据汉语直译过去,post一般指“(大机构内重要的)职位”,用在这里不合适。
遇到这种长难句要怎么翻译?
我一开始翻译的时候确定了主谓宾,但是不知道要怎么把修饰词不断加入,最后只好写了好多个小句子。
我写的句子是:
Oneofrolesofthehighereducationispreparingsmooth
transitionforstudentstowardthesocialityandjob.Onlythoughencouraging
studenttojoinclassandinteractivecoulduniversitydeveloptheirabilities.
Andthisabilitycouldmakestudentstransitsteadyandeffectively.
一般来说,确定句子主谓宾后可以再确定句子各个部分之间的逻辑关系,然后用连词或者介词将各个部分连接起来。
举个例子:
Onlythoughencouragingstudenttojoinclassand
interactivecoulduniversitydeveloptheirabilities.
Andthisabilitycouldmakestudentstransitsteady
andeffectively.
这两句话都有共同的部分ability,可以用to连接起来:
Only
thoughencouragingstudenttojoinclassandinteractivecoulduniversity
developtheirabilitiestomakethetransitionsmoothlyandeffectively.
2.
大学生已经处于一个能够了解自己的专业兴趣,并且能够自己做决定的年龄。
因此,他们有在自己专业内外选择选修课的自由。
Universitystudentsare
attheagewhen
(1.处于一个……的年龄)theyareawareoftheir
academicinterests
(2.专业兴趣)andableto
makedecisionsontheirown(3.自己做决定).
Inlightofthisfact(4.因此),itisreasonablethattheyshouldbegiventhefreedomtotake
optionalcourses(5.选修课)bothwithinandoutsidetheir
majorareaofstudy(6.专业).
1-beattheagewhen...
处于一个……的年龄
age
●●●●●
Thespellingagingisalsoused,mainlyin
AmericanEnglish.亦拼作aging,主要用于美国英语。
1.N-VAR
可变名词
年龄
Your
isthe
numberofyearsthatyouhavelived.
•Shehasanephewwhoisjusttenyearsof
age...她有一个才10岁的侄子。
•Atthe
ofsixteenhequalifiedforaplaceatthe
UniversityofHamburg...16岁时,他就有资格进入汉堡大学。
•Iadmiredhimforbeingsoconfidentathis
age.我钦佩他这般年纪就如此自信。
Baby-boomerswhohaven’tyetretired
are
now
theyaremostlikelytobecomedisabled.Theirnumbershavebeenswollenby
theentryofmorewomentotheworkforce.Andagraduallyrisingretirement
agemeansbeneficiariescollectdisabilitypaymentslongerbeforetheyswitch
toapension.(TheEconomist)
reach/gettoastagewhere,reachtheagewhen…
(1)undertheagewhen
undertheage后面一般接of,即undertheageofseven/eight/nine…这里应该改为at
theagewhen…
(2)inanagewhen
inanagewhen是指“处于……的时代”,例如:
Inanage
whenfewwomenbecamepoliticians,hercareerwasunusual.而不能指“处于一个……的年龄”。
(3)inapositionthat
没有inapositionthat这样的搭配。
(4)beoldenough
表达不够准确。
2-academicinterests
academic尤其是指在校期间的、知识方面的。
academic
[ˌæ
k.ə'
dem.ɪk]
adjective
STUDYING
学习的
■relatingtoschools,collegesanduniversities,or
connectedwithstudyingandthinking,notwithpracticalskills
学校的,学院的;
学术的
•academic
subjects/qualifications/books学科/学历/学术书籍
•an
academic
institution学术机构
•the
year(=thetime,usuallyfromSeptember
toJune,duringwhichstudentsgotoschoolorcollege)学年
standards学术水准
Ijusthappentohavemovedintoadifferentlearning
deliverymodelbecauseIknewitwouldgivemegreaterflexibilityto
continuewithmy
andspendmoretimewithmyfamily.It'
samodelthatfitsaroundmylife.
(TheGuardian)
professionalinterests
professionalinterests一般是指自己擅长领域内的兴趣,比如摄影,运动等,这与academicinterests(学术领域内的兴趣)不同。
《卫报》例句:
We
tendtofurnishourdigitalidentitieswithastringofpersonaland
professionalinterests
thatalso
definethescopeofourconversationsonline.
majorappetites
appetite是指“食欲;
欲望”,不能用来指“兴趣”。
majorpreference
preference是指“偏爱,偏好”,与“兴趣”不同。
建议写的时候多查查词典,熟悉单词在语境下的用法。
3-makedecisionsonone’sown
12.PHRASE
短语
独立地;
依靠自己地
Ifyoudosomething
on
your
own,youdoit
withoutanyhelpfromotherpeople.
【搭配模式】:
PHRafterv
•Iworkbestonmy
own.我独立工作的时候效果最好。
•...thejobsyourchildcandoonher
own.孩子能独立完成的事情
MeiFong,aformerBeijingcorrespondentoftheWallStreet
Journalwhowroteabookabouttheone-childpolicy,saysthecostofraising
achild
onone’sown
issuchthat
itisusuallyonlyrichpeoplewhotry.(TheEconomist)
makedecisionsbythemselves/maketheirowndecisions
(1)independentlymakedecisions
语序调整为makedecisionsindependently会更加自然。
4-inlightofthisfact
[laɪt]
inthelightofsth
(USusually
inlightof)
■becauseof
因为,鉴于
•Inthe
light
ofrecentincidents,weareaskingourcustomerstotakeparticularcareoftheirpersonalbelongings.鉴于最近发生的几宗事件,我们提醒顾客要特别注意看好自己的个人物品。
Passportsweredevisedasthemeansbywhichwecouldcross
borders.Nowyouneedthemtogotoschool,torentaflatorbeseenbya
doctor.
Inlightofthisfact,it
isdisingenuoustoclaim,astheDfErecentlyattemptedtodo,