状语从句及练习附答案Word文件下载.docx

状语从句及练习附答案Word文件下载.docx

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Whenshepressedthebutton,theliftstopped.

Hewaseatinghisbreakfastwhenthedoorbellrang.

beabouttodo...when...“就在那/这时，（突然）另一个动作发生了，在这儿只能用when。

Iwasabouttogoouttoplaybasketballwhenitbegantorainhard.

2）while引导的从句谓语动词一般是一段较长的时间或过程，故动词是延续性动词或状态。

（1）主句谓语动词和从句谓语动词表示的长动作或状态是同时发生或存在的；

（2）一个动作在另一个动作持续过程中的某一时刻发生。

ShewasdoingherhomeworkwhilehermotherwaswatchingTV.

Hefellasleepwhilehewasdoinghishomework.

---Iamgoingtothpost-office.

---____you’rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?

a.Asb.Whilec.Becaused.If

另外：

（1）while可用作并列连词，前后对比，表示而

Somepeoplebelieveitnecessarytolearnaforeignlanguage

Well,whileothersdon’tthinkso.

Heisdiligentwhilehisbrotherisidle.

（2）while可以引导让步状语从句，译作“虽然”，“尽管”，只放句首。

Whilerespected,sheisnotliked.

Whilehewasrefused,hedidn’tfeeldiscouraged.

3）as表示“当”，

（1）强调主句和从句的动作同时发生；

（2）用来说明某人同时一边...,一边...两种正在发生和变化的情况；

（3）也可以表示“随着...”

Shecriedassheranaway.

Hewhistledashewalkedalongthepath.

Astimewentby=Withtimegoingby,Einstein’stheoryprovedtobecorrect.

2．由till与until引导的状语从句：

till和until一般可以通用，表达的意义也相同。

但till不可用于句首。

在肯定句中，till和until表示到·

为止，表明主句谓语动词所表示的动作一直延续到till或until从句的动作发生才终止。

助于谓语动词要用延续性动词。

在否定句中，notuntil表示直到·

才，助于谓语动词所表示的动作往往要等到until/till从句表示的动作发生时才开始。

主句谓语动词一般要用非延续性动词

Theboymadeavowtothegirlthathewouldwaitforhertill/untilthePacificdried.

Heworkeduntilitwasdark.

Hedidn’trealizethemistakehemadeyesterdayuntilltheteacherpointeditout.

Thestudentsdidn’treturnuntilitwasmid-night.

注意：

由not...until引导的时间状语从句变成倒装句型或强调句型时的句子结构：

Itwasnotuntilmid-nightthatthestudentsreturn.

Notuntilmid-nightdidthestudentsreturn.

3.before

表示在...之前，还没来得及

ThethiefranawaybeforeIhadtimetoshoutforhelp.

AIIhadleftfortheairportbeforehearrived.

Tendayspassedbeforehecameto.

注意句型：

Itwon’tbelongbefore+从句（一般现在时）不久就...（表示将来）

Itwasn’tlongbefore+从句（一般过去时）不久就...（表示过去）

Itwillbe+一段时间+before+从句（一般现在时）多久之后就（表示将来）

Itwas+一段时间+before+从句（一般过去时）多久之后就（表示过去）

Howtimeflies!

Itwon’tbelongbeforeIgraduatefromhighschool.

Luckily,itwasn’tlongbeforehegotawell-paidjob.

ItwillbeonlyseveralmonthsbeforeIhavetohandthereportin,soIhavetomakefulluseoftime.

ItwillbeyearsbeforeIraqbecomessafeandnormal.

Itwasalongtimebeforehemadearightdecision.

4.since

表示从过去到现在

Ilastsawhiminbeijingin2000.Ihaven’tmethimsince.

IhaveneverseenmyEnglishteachersinceIbegantoworkasateacher.

Itis+一段时间+since+过去的时间状语或带有过去时态的时间状语从句。

ItisseveralyearssinceIlastmethim.

Itis/hasbeenyearssinceIlastsawmyteacher.

比较下列句子：

ItistenyearssinceIgraduatedfromuniversity.

ItwastenyearsagothatIgraduatedfromuniversity.

ItwasfouryearsbeforeIgraduated.

5.Once表示“一旦”

Onceyoustartplayingon-linegames,itisdifficultforyoutostopplayingit.

Youaresuretolovethegirlonceyoureyesfallonher.

6.Nosooner…than,hardly…when

Hehadnosoonerreachedthedoorthanthebellrang.

（倒装句：

Nosoonerhadhereachedthedoorthanthebellrang.）

Shehadhardlyarrivedwhenitbegantosnow.

Hardlyhadshearrivedwhenitbegantosnow.）

7.其他

everytime,eachtime,whenever每当

Shedemandssweetseverytimesheseesme.

Comehereandhaveachatwithmewheneveryoufeellonelyanduncomfortable.

nexttime下次

Yououghttogoandseeyourteachersnexttimeyoucomeback.

Thefirsttime第一次。

。

ThefirsttimeIusedknifeandfork,Ifeltverymuchawkward.

forthefirsttime,（副词）第一次做

YesterdayIusedknifeandforkforthefirsttime.

Assoonas,themoment一…就…

HecameassoonasIcalled.

Ileftimmediatelytheclockstrucktwelve.

Heleftathrillthemomenthegotintothetheatre.

二、地点状语从句（AdverbialClausesofPlace）

地点状语从句由where（在…地方），wherever/nomatterwhere（无论什么地方）everywhere（处处），anywhere（任何地方）引导。

Crossthestreamwhereitisshallowest.

Wherethereisawillthereisaway.

Wherethereiswater,thereislife.

Athreadbreakswhereitisweakest.

Whereothersareweak,heisstrong.

We’llgowhereverwearemostneeded.

Youcangoanywhereyouwant.

Nomatterwhere/WhereverMr.YangLiweigoes,heistreatedasagreathero.

三、原因状语从句（AdverbialClausesofReason）

1.because,as,since引导的状语从句

because因为，表示直接的、根本的原因，回答why提出的问题，语气最强，重点在于从句。

从句在强调原因是可以置于句首，也可以用于强调结构“Itis/wasbecause……that…”，还可以在because前加上only，just来加强语气。

这种从句在主语一致的情况下常常可以简化为介词短语becauseof……。

Heisabsenttodaybecauseheisill/becauseofhisillness.

Thegroundiswetbecauseitrainedlastnight.

Hewasmadehumblebecauseheoftenconsideredhiscolleaguesinferiortohim.

as由于，表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系，着重点在于主句，语气稍弱。

Aswearemiddleschoolstudents,itistooearlyforustofallinlove.

Asitissnowing,weshallnotgototheparktoday.

since既然，一般表示对方已知的、比较明显的原因，并非根本原因。

与nowthat意思基本相同。

Sinceeveryoneishere,nowlet’sbeginourlecture.

Nowthathehasn’tturnupintime,wehavetobeginourmeetingwithouthim.

2.某些“be+形容词”后的从句也说明原因。

Hewasannoyedthatnobodybelievedhim.

We’regladthatyou’vemadesuchrapidprogressinEnglishrecently.

Youshouldbeveryproudthatyouhavebeenelectedmonitor.

3.for是并列连词，引导的从句并非是一个原因状语从句，而是并列句，置于句后，由结果推到原因，仅起补充、说明之作用。

Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.

Getupanddressquickly;

dayhasnowbroken,forthebirdsaresingingoutside.

4.inthat也可以引导原因状语从句

Hecamelatetoschoolinthatthebuswasstuckinatrafficjam.

四、目的状语从句（AdverbialClausesofPurpose）

引导目的状语从句的从属连词有：

sothat,inorderthat,foefearthat,incase

inorderthat/sothat引导目的状语从句时，从句中需要出现can/could；

may/might.

Igotupearlythismorningso（inorder）thatIcouldcatchthefirstbus.

Speaklouder（so）thateverybodymayhearwhatyousay.

Hewrotedownthenameforfearthatheshouldforgetit.

We’dbettergotothecinemawithanumbrellaincaseitrains/shouldrain.

五、结果状语从句（AdverbialClausesofResult）

引导结果状语从句的从属连词：

sothat,so…that,such…that,that

比较：

so+adj./adv.+thatsuch+a/an+adj.+n.+that

so+much/little（少）+n.+thatsuch+adj.+n.（pl.）+that

so+many/few+n.（pl.）+thatsuch+adj.+n.（UC）+that

so+adj.（性质）+a/an+n.+that

IgotupsoearlythatIcaughtthefirstbus.（IgotupearlysothatIcaughtthebus.）

ShemadesuchrapidprogressinEnglishthattheteacherpraisedherforit.

Thereweresomanystudentintheclassroomthatwedidn’tfindanyspace.

Hehassofewfriendstherethathedoesfeellonely.

He’ssuchhumorousteacher/sohumorousateacherthateveryonelikeshislecture.

Heissuchalittleboythateveryoneofuslikestoplaywithhim.（litter小）

Hehassolittlemoneythatnogirlwantstomarryhim.（little少）

WhathaveIdonethatheshouldbesoangrywithme?

sothat既可以引导结果状语从句，又可以引导目的状语从句，其区别在于：

（1）目的状语从句中含有情态动词can/could,may/might,will/would,should等，而结果状语从句中则没有；

（2）目的状语从句可以置于句首，而结果状语从句不可以。

Hestoppedforamomentsothatwecouldhavetimeandthinkhisquestionover.

Hestoppedforamoment,sothatwehadtimeandthoughthisquestionover.

Inorderthatthechildcanhavemoretimeforstudy,theparentsdoalltheycandotohelphim.

六、条件状语从句（AdverbialClausesofCondition）

引导条件状语从句的从属连词：

if,unless,evenif/though,so/aslongas,supposing,

suppose,providing,provided（that）,onconditionthat,sofaras等。

注意：

省略

if以后的虚拟条件句要把相关的助动词提前，构成倒装语序。

IfIwereyou,IwouldgowithhimtoIraqtomakeafortune.

Supposethatyouhadonemillionpounds,wouldyouspendit?

Iwon'

twritetohimunlesshewritestomefirst.

Supposing（that）youarewrong,whatwillyoudo?

I'

mgoingtoexposehimevenif/thoughheisarelativeofmine.

Youcangoouttoplay,so/aslongasyoupromisetobebackbefore10o'

clock.

Youmayborrowthebook,onconditionthatyoudon'

tlendittoothers.

Haditnotbeenfortheirassistance,wewouldbeinseriousdifficultynow.

Shoulditraintomorrow,thecropscouldbesaved.

Shemaygowithustotheconcertprovided（that）shearrivesintime.

七、让步状语从句（AdverbialClausesofConcession）

引导让步状语从句的从属连词：

although,though,while,nomatterhow（what,who...）,whether...or

Although/Thoughhewasverytired,hestayeduptowatchthelatenightfilmonTV.

although/though引导的让步从句可以倒装，即将从句中的表语或壮语放到居首，添加连词as或though，再加上主语和谓语。

Childassheis,sheknowstoomuchaboutlove,whichmakeshermotherworriesalot.

Poorashewas,hewashonest.

MuchasIlikeyou,Iwon'

tmarryyou.

在引导状语从句时，疑问句加ever，就等于nomatter加疑问词。

Nomatterwho/Whoeveryouare,youcan'

tenterthebuildingwithoutthecommander'

sorder.

Youwon'

tbeheard,howeverloudly/nomatterhowloudlyyoumayshout.

Whateveradvice/nomatterwhatadviceyoumaygivehim,hewon'

tgiveuphisfoolishidea.

Whereverheis,hewillbethinkingofyou.

表示无论是A或B时，用whether...or,而nomatter要紧跟疑问词，不能单独使用。

Whetheryoucomeinwinterorinsummer,youwillfinditaniceplacetolive.

八、方式状语从句（AdverbialClauseso