高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解第3讲主旨大意题靶向训练.docx

高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解第3讲主旨大意题靶向训练.docx

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高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解第3讲主旨大意题靶向训练

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解第3讲主旨大意题靶向训练

（2016·全国卷Ⅲ，阅读理解D）（导学号58210008）

Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds，itleads.Nonewsisgoodnews，andgoodnewsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorningpapers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitored（监控）indifferentways，researchersarediscoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeople'se－mailsandonlineposts，scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.

“The‘ifitbleeds’ruleworksformassmedia，”saysJonahBerger，ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania.“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon'tcarehowyou'refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends，youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon'twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”

Researchersanalyzingword－of－mouthcommunication—e－mails，Webpostsandreviews，face－to－faceconversations—foundthatittendedtobemorepositivethannegative（消极的），butthatdidn'tnecessarilymeanpeoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmoregoodthingsthanbadthings?

Totestforthatpossibility，Dr.Bergerlookedathowpeoplespreadaparticularsetofnewsstories：

thousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimes'website.HeandaPenncolleagueanalyzedthe“moste－mailed”listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelistthannon－sciencearticles.HefoundthatscienceamazedTimes'readersandmadethemwanttosharethispositivefeelingwithothers.

Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny，orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeangeroranxiety，butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused（激发）onewayortheother，andtheypreferredgoodnewstobad.Themorepositiveanarticle，themorelikelyitwastobeshared，asDr.Bergerexplainsinhisnewbook，“Contagious：

WhyThingsCatchOn.”

【语篇解读】　人们常说“没有消息就是最好的消息”，类似的传统说法只适合于大众媒体。

在网络普及的时代，好消息在网络上的传播速度比坏消息要快很多。

32．Whatdotheclassicrulesmentionedinthetextapplyto?

A．Newsreports.

B．Researchpapers.

C．Privatee－mails.

D．Dailyconversations.

解析：

细节理解题。

根据第二段“The‘ifitbleeds’ruleworksformassmedia”可知，像“ifitbleeds”这样的传统说法适用于大众媒体，故选A。

答案：

A

33．WhatcanweinferaboutpeoplelikeDebbieDowner?

A．They'resociallyinactive.

B．They'regoodattellingstories.

C．They'reinconsiderateofothers.

D．They'recarefulwiththeirwords.

解析：

推理判断题。

根据第二段“...Youcarealotmorehowtheyreact”可知，你非常在乎朋友听完你讲的故事后的反应，根据本段“Youdon'twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.”可知，你不想被当作一个“DebbieDowner”，说明指的是“一个不为他人考虑的人”，故选C。

答案：

C

34．Whichtendedtobethemoste－mailedaccordingtoDr.Berger'sresearch?

A．Sportsnews.

B．Sciencearticles.

C．Personalaccounts.

D．Financialreviews.

解析：

细节理解题。

根据第三段“...articlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmorelikelytomakethelistthannon－sciencearticles”可知，科技类的文章比非科技类的更有可能被人们讨论，故选B。

答案：

B

★35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．SadStoriesTravelFarandWide

B．OnlineNewsAttractsMorePeople

C．ReadingHabitsChangewiththeTimes

D．GoodNewsBeatsBadonSocialNetworks

解析：

标题归纳题。

根据第一段“Bytrackingpeople'se－mailsandonlineposts，scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.”可知，好消息在网络上传播得更快，影响更深远；说明文章主要讲的是好消息通过网络的传播，故选D。

答案：

D

B

（2016·全国卷Ⅰ，阅读理解D）

Themeaningofsilencevariesamongculturalgroups.Silencesmaybethoughtful，ortheymaybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornness，uneasiness，orworry.Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyuncomfortable；thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap（间隙）withconversation.Personsinotherculturalgroupsvaluesilenceandviewitasnecessaryforunderstandingaperson'sneeds.

ManyNativeAmericansvaluesilenceandfeelitisabasicpartofcommunicatingamongpeople，justassometraditionalChineseandThaipersonsdo.Therefore，whenapersonfromoneoftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenlystops，whatmaybeimplied（暗示）isthatthepersonwantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.Inthesecultures，silenceisacallforreflection.

Otherculturesmayusesilenceinotherways，particularlywhendealingwithconflictsamongpeopleorinrelationshipsofpeoplewithdifferentamountsofpower.Forexample，Russian，French，andSpanishpersonsmayusesilencetoshowagreementbetweenpartiesaboutthetopicunderdiscussion.However，Mexicansmayusesilencewheninstructionsaregivenbyapersoninauthorityratherthanberudetothatpersonbyarguingwithhimorher.Instillanotheruse，personsinAsianculturesmayviewsilenceasasignofrespect，particularlytoanelderorapersoninauthority.

Nursesandothercare－giversneedtobeawareofthepossiblemeaningsofsilencewhentheycomeacro