武汉大学博士课程考试英语段落分析复习课程.docx

武汉大学博士课程考试英语段落分析复习课程.docx

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武汉大学博士课程考试英语段落分析复习课程

武汉大学博士课程考试英语段落分析

Unit1para3

OursecondmajordiscoverywasthattheInformationMarketplacewilldramaticallyaffectpeopleandorganizationsonawidescale.Besidesitsmanyusesincommerce,officework,andmanufacturing,itwillalsoimprovehealthcare,providenewwaystoshop,enableprofessionalandsocialencountersacrosstheglobe,andgenerallypermeatethethousandsofthingswedointhecourseofourdailylives.Itwillhelpuspursueoldandnewpleasures,anditwillencouragenewartforms,whichmaybecriticizedbutwillmoveartforward,asnewtoolshavealwaysdone.Itwillalsoimproveeducationandtraining,firstinspecificandestablishedwaysandlaterthroughbreakthroughsthatareconfidentlyawaited.Humanorganizationsfromtinycompaniestoentirenationalgovernmentswillbenefittoo,becausesomuchoftheworktheydoisinformationwork.

Topic:

TheaffectionoftheInformationMarketplacePerspective:

people--organization

Aspect（s）:

material-spiritual,individual-societyMethod:

classification

Skill:

examplesQuestions:

whathow

Unit1para12

ThewiseeyewillalsoseethattheinformationMarketplaceismuchmoreinfluentialthanitsparts–theinterfaces,middlewareandpipesthatmakeupthethree-storybuildingonwhichwestand.Oncetheyareintegrated,theypresentamuchgreaterpower—thepowertopreventanasthmaticfromdyinginaremotetowninAlaska,toenableanunemployedbankloanofficertofindandsucceedatanewformofwork,toallowahusbandandwifetorevelintheaccomplishmentsofadistantdaughterwhilealsoprovidingemotionalandfinancialsupport.Thesepowersarefargreaterthantheabilitytosendane-mailmessage,ortohavefivehundredTVchannels.

Topic:

TheinfluenceofinformationmarketplacePerspective:

power

Aspect（s）:

material-spiritualMethod:

hierarchicalstructure层次结构（life-work-pleasure）

Skill:

examplesQuestions:

whathow

Unit8para1

Countlessculturesaroundtheworldhavedisappeared,alongwiththeirmythologies.InMesoamerica,dozensofornateMayantemplesliemute,asdoanuntoldnumberofIncanmonumentsinPeru,CelticcairnsinWales,KhmerstatuesinCambodia,andmagnificentziggurat-likestructuresincentralAfrica.

Topic:

ThedisappearanceofculturePerspective:

world

Aspect（s）:

culture【material】Method:

spaceorder

Skill:

examplesQuestions:

whathow

Unit8para2

Easterisland,celebratedforthegiantstatuesleftbyitsvanishedcivilization,isuniqueinarchaeologybecauseofitsisolationfromitsneighbors.currentarchaeologicalevidenceindicatesthatsome1,600yearsagotheisland'sfirstsettlers,explorersfromPolynesian,foundthemselvesinapristineparadisewithsubtropicalforests,dozensofwildbirdspecies,andnopredators.theymultipliedandprospered,distributingresourcesinamannerthatsuggestsasophisticatedeconomyandcomplexpoliticalsystem.rivalclanserectedever-largerstatuesplatforms,emulatingthestonecarvingsoftheirPolynesianforebears,tryingtosurpasseachotherwithdisplaysofpowerandwealth.

Topic:

ThecivilizationofeasterislandPerspective:

island/civilization

Aspect（s）:

enviroment-societyMethod:

progression-classification

Skill:

statement-exampleQuestions:

what→how

Unit8para4

Itislikelythatchangesintheforestoccurredoverdecadesandwouldhavebeendifficulttodetectimmediately.Anislandermighteasilyhavemissedthelong-termtrend,thinking:

“Thisyearweclearedthosewoodsoverthere,buttreesarestartingtogrowbackagainoverhere.”Furthermore,anyislanderwhoissuedawarningagainsttheoncomingdisasterwouldhavebeensilencedbytherulingclass.Chiefs,priests,andstonecarversalldependedonthestatusquotoretaintheirpositionsandprivileges.

Topic:

ThedetectionofchangePerspective:

islander

Aspect（s）:

ideabehavior-Method:

classificationprogression

Skill:

quotationstatementQuestions:

whatwhy

Unit8para6

Humanitymaynotactintimetopreventthedecimationoftherainforests,fossilfuels,arableland,andfisheries.Inonly40years,Ethiopia’sforestcovershrankfrom30%to1%.Duringthesametimeperiod,therestoftheworldlosthalfofitsrainforests.Powerfuldecision-makinggroupsignorethosewhosoundanalarm;theirpolitical,economic,andreligiousagendasfailtoaddresstheproblemofdisappearingnaturalresources.

Topic:

ThepreventionofthedecimationPerspective:

humanity

Aspect（s）:

decimation消亡（material-spiritual）-Method:

causalorder因果顺序

Skill:

statistics-statementQuestions:

whathow（whathowwhy）

Unit8para8

IfwearegoingtoavoidthefateoftheEasterIslanders,wemustchangethemythsthatareleadingustowardextinctionanfindinspiringvisionsofaplausibleandappealingfuture.Theoldmythshavecollapsed,butnonewoneshaveemergedtofillthevacuum.Fo