中考英语专项复习Word文档格式.docx

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中考英语专项复习Word文档格式.docx

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中考英语专项复习Word文档格式.docx

Thedictionaryiswellkept.

这本词典被保存完好(不需要说明是谁保存的)。

(2)当我们需要强调动作承受者,而不是

动作的执行者。

Thesebookswerefoundinthe1920s.

这些书是在二十世纪二十年代发现的。

(强调书被发现而不是强调由谁发现)

3.被动语态的结构:

被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成,助动词be有人称、数的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时一样。

总结:

动词的过去分词变法

①规则动词的过去分词:

1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed

2)以不发音e结尾的加-d

3)以辅音加y结尾的,去y变i加-ed

4)以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加-ed

watch---watchedpractice---practiced

study---studiedstop---stopped

②不规则动词的过去分词:

am\is\arebeen

have\hashad

dodone

writewritten

gogone

4.主动变被动的方法:

PeoplespeakEnglishintheworld.

主谓宾

Englishisspokenbypeopleintheworld.

①②③④

总结:

主动语态

被动语态

宾语→

主语

谓语→

be+过去分词

主语→

by+宾语

其他→

抄下来

6.各种时态的被动语态

一般现在时:

am/is/are+过去分词

•IamcalledJimmy.

•Footballisplayedallovertheworld.

•ThecarismadeinChina.

•Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.

一般过去时:

was/were+过去分词

•Abankwasrobbedyesterday.

•Thekitewasmadebythem.

•Theclotheswerewashedbymymother.

•Manyhouseswerewashedawayintheflood.

一般将来时:

will/shallbe+过去分词

am/is/aregoingtobe+过去分词

•Theworkwillbefinishedin2days.

•Weshallbegivenawarmwelcome.

•IamgoingtobesenttoAmerica.

•ThepaintingisgoingtobesoldtoCanada

•Treesaregoingtobeplantedbythemtomorrow.

现在进行时:

am/is/arebeing+过去分词

•Iambeingaskedsomequestionsnow.

•Aspeechisbeinggiveninthehall.

•TheclothesarebeingwashedbyJane.

过去进行时:

was/werebeing+过去分词

•Aletterwasbeingwrittenbyherat2pmyesterday.

•Themealwasbeingcookedbymymotherthistimeyesterday.

•Themenwerebeingquestionedbythepoliceman.

现在完成时:

have/hasbeen+过去分词

•Theworkhasbeenfinishedbythem.

•Thehousehasbeenbuilt.

•Hissheephavebeenfound.

•Thebookshavebeenkeptsincelastweek.

含情态动词的被动语态:

情态动词+be+过去分词

•Thetreesshouldbewateredatonce.

•Thebookscanbekeptfor2weeks.

•Ourenvironmentmustbeprotectedwell.

•Thehomeworkmustbehandedin.

各种时态的被动语态

•一般现在时:

S+am/is/are+done(过去分词)

•一般过去时:

S+was/were+done(过去分词)

•一般将来时:

S+will+be+done(过去分词)

•情态动词:

S+can/may/must/should+be+done

(过去分词)

•现在进行时:

S+is/am/are+being+done(过去分词)

•过去进行时:

S+was/werebeing+done(过去分词)

•现在完成时:

S+have/has+been+done(过去分词)

7.被动语态的几种特殊形式

1.一些特殊结构的被动结构:

(1)hear/seesb.dosth.→sb.beheard/seentodosth.

(2)make/let/havesb.dosth.→sb.bemade/let/hadtodosth.

感官动词为see,hear,watch,notice等,使役动词make,let,have后+sb.+dosth.时,变被动语态时要加上“to”.

2.带有双宾语的主动语态变被动语态时,sb.或sth.都可做主语,注意sth.做主语时,要加to或for.

Mymotherboughtmeanewbike.

=Iwasboughtanewbikebymymother.

=Anewbikewasboughtformebymymother.

JackhasgivenTomabook.

=AbookhasbeengiventoTombyJack.

=TomhasbeengivenabookbyJack.

BobsentKatealetterlastyear.

=KatewassentaletterbyBoblastyear.

=AletterwassenttoKatebyBoblastyear.

(tell、ask、bring、write、give、send、show、teach、pass、lend)…to

Mummademeanewdress.

=IwasmadeanewdressbyMum.

=AnewdresswasmadeformebyMum.

(Make、buy、cook、read)…for

练一练

1.MissDengteachesusEnglish.

→WearetaughtEnglishbyMissDeng

→EnglishistaughttousbyMissDeng

2.Theysawtheboyplaybasketballyesterday.

→Theboywasseentoplaybasketballyesterday.

3.TheteachermadeTomrecitethetext.

→Tomwasmadetorecitethetextbytheteacher.

3.动词短语变被动语态时,千万不要遗漏介词或副词。

1.Johnturnedontheradio.

Theradiowasturnedon.

2.Grandmatakescareofmysister.

MysisteristakencareofbyGrandma

动词短语的被动语态

takecareof→betakencareof

cutdown→becutdown

laughat→belaughedat

lookafter→belookedafter

8.高频考点突破

1.用所给动词的正确形式填空

2.Be动词的正确形式填空

3.句型转换:

4.英汉互译(完成句子)

实战演练

用所给动词的正确形式填空

1.Toomuchwaterisdrunkbyhimeveryday.(drink)

2.FiveapplesareeatenbyTomeveryday.(eat)

3.Iamoftenhelpedbyher.(help)

4.Sheisoftenhitbyme.(hit)

用be的正确形式填空

1.Manytreesareplantedbyuseveryyear.

2.1000treeswereplantedbyuslastyear.

3.Aknifeisusedtocutapples.

4.Thestudentsareaskedtohavebreakfast.

观察:

be动词有时态,人称和数的变化.

英汉互译:

1.她是由我帮助的.Sheishelpedbyme.

2.她受到了帮助.Shewashelped.

3.南方种水稻.Riceisgrowninthesouth.

4.每天要用很多水.Alotofwaterisusedeveryday.

5.山上种了很多树.Manytreesareplantedonthehill.

句型转换:

1.Wedon’tspeakJapaneseatschool.(被动语态)

Japaneseisn’tspokenbyusatschool.

2.ThedeskismadebyTom.(主动语态)

Tommakesthedesk.

3.It’smadeinChina,isn’tit?

(反意疑问句)

4.Thethiefwascaught,wasn’the?

(同上)

5.Tom,be,by,themodelplane,make(连词成句)

ThemodelplanewasmadebyTom.

9.权威中考预测

(B)1.Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust__dirtythingintoit.(南京市中考题)

Abestoppedtothrow

Bbestoppedfromthrowing

Cstoptothrow

Dstopfromthrowing

(C)2.Thisbook__often__fromthelibrary.(北京市中考题)

Aaren’ttakeawayBtakenaway

Cisn’ttakenawayDbetakenaway

3.Hewastold(tell)toreturnhisbookstothelibraryyesterday.(黄冈市中考题)

4.Anotherman-madesatellitewassentupintospacebythemlastweek(济南市中考题)

Theysentupanotherman-madesatelliteintospacelastweek.(变主动语态)

5.Peoplethereplantedmanytreeslastyear.ManyTreeswereplantedbypeopletherelastyear.(青岛市中考题)

6.Theygrowvegetablesonthefarm.

Thevegetablesaregrownonthefarm(上海市中考题)

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