英语口语话题及范例Word文档格式.docx

英语口语话题及范例Word文档格式.docx

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Somepeoplelookdownupondisabledpeople,thinkingtheybringmanytroubles.

Somepeopletheyarepoor,feltmuchsympathyforthem

Thesocialattitudestowardsdisabledpeopleareoftentooprotection,thinkingtheyaregrantedunconditionallyprotection.Myattitudeisthatwecan’tlookdownupondisabledpeople,justtreatthemwiththeattitudetowardsordinarypeople.wealsoneedtofightforourrightwhenconflictwiththem.Wemustfacetheproblem

5.Whatarethebenefitsofkeepingpets?

Andwhatarethetroubles?

P23

Good:

inyourlonelytimeitwillaccompanyyou.Itwillalwaysbewithyou.Itwillalwaysstaybyyourside（exceptdead）.Itisagoodlistener.

bad:

ifpetsarenotoftenbathed,theymaybecomedirtyandsmelled.Petscanbeinfectedeasily.Pets’messisanothertrouble.Sometimesitistoonoisytokeepadog.

6.MakeashortsummaryofthearticleSpeakingDifferentLanguages.P45

Manandwomenlanguageshadthesamewordsbutdifferentmeaningdependingonthewaytheywereused.Womanwouldtendtoexaggeratethefactorsandmenreactinanunsupportivemanner,becausetheymistakenlytaketheseexpressionsliterally.Itisimportanttorethinkortranslatewhatpeoplehaveheard.

7.Findasmanydifferencesasyoucanbetweenmenandwomen.Givesomeexamples.

Manandwomenseldommeanthesamethingevenwhentheyusethesamewords.

Genderdifference（性别差异）

Manandwomenlanguageshadthesamewordsbutdifferentmeaningdependingonthewaytheywereused.Thereexpressionsweresimilar,buttheyhaddifferentconnotations（含义）oremotionalemphasis.

Example:

“Ifeellikeyouneverlisten.”Usingtheword“never”isjustawayofexpressingthefrustration.

Womanwouldtendtoexaggeratethefactor,menmistakenlytaketheseexpressionsliterally,reactinanunsupportivemanner.Menusespeechasameansofconveyingonlyfactsandinformation.

woman:

“wenevergoout.”Menrespond”wewentoutlastweek.”

8.Whatarethecausesofmisunderstandingsinhumancommunication?

Givesomeexamples.

Reasons:

pronunciation

Culturaldifference

Character（outgoingintrovert）性格差异

Genderdifference

Emotion（nervousexcited）

CommunicationSkill（gesture）

Situation1

英国人对家人的帮忙会说谢谢；

而中国人认为帮助家里人是一种义务，所以无需言谢。

Interactions:

helpbetweenfamilymembers

Conventions:

politeness

ChineseConventions:

one'

sownobligation,noneedtothankorbethanked

BritishandAmericanConventions:

Expectpoliteexpressionslike'

please'

'

thankyou'

etc. 

Situation2

外国人觉得中国人对待他们是十分友好的，但是有时候会问出一些令他们感到尴尬的问题，比如问他们的年龄和工资。

conversationbetweenpeoplemeetingforthefirsttime

conversationaltopics,privacy,taboo,openness,directness

ManyChinesepeopletendtoaskaboutage,maritalstatus,andevensalarywhenfirstmeetingoneanother.Tothem,theseareopenconversationaltopics.Knowingaperson'

sagehelpsthemuseappropriatetermsofaddress,suchas'

LaoWang'

XiaoLi'

orkintermssuchas'

uncle'

or'

aunt'

etc.AndChinesepeoplepayalotofattentiontofamilylife,sonaturallytalkoffamilymembersfeaturesasacommontopic.Astosalary,sincethereisanationalsystemofsalaries,peopleusuallydon'

tconsideritasecretandtheytalkaboutitopenly.

InBritain,weatherandsportsarecommontopics.Sometabooquestions:

age,marriageandsalary.Theseareconsideredtooprivateortoopersonaltotalkaboutwhenfirstmeetingsomeone.

Situation3

中国人结伴出游的时候，如果买什么东西，去买的人一般都会按照人头购买，即便有人客气地说不要；

和外国人结伴出游，如果你客气地推说不需要某样东西，那么对方真的就不会给你买。

offeringrefreshmentsordrinks

politeness,individualdecision

WhenaChineseoffersrefreshmentsordrinkstohiscolleague,hiscolleagueoftendeclinestheofferpolitely,becausehedoesn'

twanttotroublethepersonwhooffersanditalsoshowshispoliteness.Normallythepersonwhooffersstillpreparesorbuysrefreshmentsordrinks,andthiswillbeexpectedbyhiscolleague.Sharingfoodanddrinkwhengoingouttogetheriscommonamongcolleaguesandfriends.

Respectone'

sowndecision,'

yes'

meansonewantsit,'

no'

meansonedoesn'

t,politenessisusuallyshownbytheexpression'

.

9.Whataretheimportantfactorsforsuccessfulcommunications?

Speakclearly

Beconfident

Organizewellandputmorefocusonmainidea

Payattentiontothedifferentspeakinghabitofdifferentsex,education,andculturalbackground.

10.Whatarethewaystoavoidmisunderstandings?

P66

donotusewordswithdifferentmeanings.

Expressandpronounceclearly.

Putfocusonmainpointofyourview

Donotpretendtounderstand

Askwhennotsureaboutsomething.

Understandthesex,educationandculturalbackgrounddifferenceduringcommunication.

Itisimportanttorethinkortranslatewhatpeoplehaveheard.

11.Howdopeopledefinewinning？

Whatdoeswinningmeantoyou?

Thewealthyman

Gottheachievement

Makebigcontribution

Achieveone’sgoalsinlife

Overcomesomeproblemsorweakness

Career,wealth,fameorpost,andpower

Enjoyoneself

Enjoymylife,livehappilyandtorealizemydream

12.Whodoyouthinkisawinnerinyoureye?

Why?

Someonecanovercomehisweaknessandrestartafter

e.g:

Disabledathletes张海迪

Cruelfatehaschallengeinfront,hedidnotdepressedanddestruction,butthelifeisfullofconfidence,withgreattenacityandperseverancecombatingdisease,sufferedseveretests.Self-studyuniversityEnglishandJapaneseandGerman,manyEnglishtranslation

13.Doyouregardyourselfasawinnerorloser?

It'

shardtosay,Ithinkweareallonthewaytobeawinner.

wearenotprefectinourquality,butweareattempting

14.Whatcharacteristicsofwinnersorlosershave?

Preparedness,promptness及时，perseverance锲而不舍，politeness

Squash:

gossip,criticism,indifference

Loveoneanother,befaithful,beloyal,beunselfish,betruthful

Turnupanewidea,turnupwiththedeterminationtodoabetterjob

Sbisintelligence,independent,havegoodcapabilitytodosth

Sbisflexibility

15.SaysomethingaboutSirWinstonChurchillandAbrahamLincoln.p91

16.Thepsychologyinourdailylifebygivingexamples

Psychologyplaysanimportantroleinourdailylife.Ifwemastersomebasicrulesofit,wecanmoredeeplyunderstandandbetterourlife.Forinstance,

1.thepsychologyofmoney.someguyswouldratherspendthansave,whilesometendtoparsimony

2.thepsychologyinads.Companiesusepsychologytoincreasebusiness.

3.Thepsychologyofshopping.Aslongasthepricesofsomegoodscomedown,anincreasingnumberofpeoplewillbuyit.

4.Thepsychologyinhospital.Apatientwillfeelbetteraftertakingplacebo.

17.shouldwetallthetruthtoacancerpatient?

Giveyourreasons.

Anoptimisticattitudemayhavesomethingtodowithone’shealth.

Asoundmindinasoundbody.Thetruthmaybreakdownthepatient.

Asthepsychologyofpatient,thinklessofhisdiseasemayleavelonger.

18.makasummaryofthetextthepsychologyofmoney

Ourindividualmoneyhabitsnotonlyshowourbeliefsandvalues,butalsostemfrompastproblems.Formanypeople,moneyisanimportantsymbolofstrengthandinfluence.Thussomepeoplecanbeaddictedtomoney.Thesepeoplecanbedividedintotwogroups,thatiscompulsivespendersandcompulsivebargainhunters.Tosolvetheseproblems,psychologistsoftenuseamethodcalled“behaviortherapy”.

19.Johnoftengetsangrywithhissonwhodoespoorlyinschooleventhoughheworkshard.GiveJohnsomeadvice.

MaybeJohn’ssonisnotalearningmaterial,buthehadworkedhard.

1.encouragehimtokeeponstudyinginsteadofgettingangry.

2.praisehimforeverylittleprogress