英语专八改错和翻译考试Word文件下载.docx
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A.SearleB.WhorfC.HallidayD.NoamChomsk
参考答案：
1~5：
ACDBC
6~10：
BACDD
1_____istheworld'
slargestexporteroflambandmutton.
A.poemsB.NovelsC.DramasD.sciencefiction
A.DavidCopperfieldB.OliverTwist、C.SonsandLoversD.ATaleofTwoCities
参考答案:
1~5:
6~10:
改错
练习题
Abouthalfoftheinfantandmaternaldeathsindevelopingcountriescouldbeavoidedifwomenhadusedfamilyplanningmethodstopreventhighrisk____1pregnancies,accordingtoareportpublishingrecentlybytheJohnsHopkingUniversity.____2Thereportindicatesthat5.6millioninfantdeathsand2,000,000maternalDeathscouldbepreventedthisyearifwomenchosetohavetheirschildren____3withinthesafestyearswithadequateintervalsamongbirthsandlimitedtheir____4familiestomoderatesize.Thisamountstoabouthalfofthe9.8millioninfantand370.000maternaldeathsindevelopingcountries,excludedChina,estimatedforthisyearby____5theUnitedNation’sChildren’sFundandtheUSCentersforDiseaseControlrespectably.Chinawasexcludedbecauseveryfewbirthsoccurinthehighriskcategories.____6Thereportsaysthatevidencesfromaroundtheworldshowstheriskof____7maternalorinfantillanddeathisthehighestinfourspecifictypesof____8
pregnancy;
pregnanciesbeforethemotheris18yearold;
thoseafterthe____9motheris35yearsold;
pregnanciesafterfourbirths;
andthoselesserthantwoyearsapart.____10
答案详解：
1.将hadused改为used。
因为此句是虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反,故条件从句中应使用一般过去时。
例如:
Manywouldbewiseiftheydidnotthinkthemselveswise.许多人原本会成为聪明人-如果他们不自以为聪明的话。
2.将publishing改为published
report和publish时逻辑动宾关系,故应使用publish的过去分词短语来修饰report。
Anydiscoverythatwemaymake,howeversmall,willremainacquiredknowledge.任何可能的发现,不管多么微不足道,都将成为知识宝库中的一部分。
3.将theirs改为their
4.将among改为between
在两次怀孕期间留出足够的间隔时间,故用between。
5.将过去分词excluded改为介词excluding
excluding意为“不包括……”
6.将respectably改为respectively
respectively意为“分别地”，符合句子的意思。
而respectably意为“可敬的，值得尊敬地”。
7.将evidences改为evidence
evidence是不可数名词。
8.将ill改为illness
9.将year改为years
10.将lesser改为less
Itisdifficulttothinkofanationasanabstractcollectionofpeople
livingonapatchofterritory.
Itiseasiertothink ofasaperson.
ThisiswhywesometimescallGreatBritain
__1__
"
Britannia"
andtheUnitedStates"
Columbia"
andthinkofitasstately
women.Wealsousemasculinesymbolsinour
__2__
personificationofnations.In1712JohnArbuthont,aScot,wroteapolitical
satireinthatthecharactersweresupposed
__3__
tobetypicalmembersofdifferentnationalities.TheEnglishmanwasJohnBull.
Thisname,whichwassufficientflatteringtobe
__4__
adoptedgenerally,combinedthemostcommonEnglishfirstnamewithalastname
indicatedstrength.JohnBullisusually
__5__
picturedasapartlybusinessmanwithaUnionJackonhishatband.
AftertheAmericanWarofIndependencebeganin1783,theUnited
__6__
Stateswasknownfor"
BrotherJonathan"
.Jonathanwasabiblical
__7__
nameassociatedwithsimplepeoplefromruralareas,anditseemedfittingsince
theUnitedStatesisruralandunsophiscated,and
since
__8__
Americanconsideredtheirtypeofsimplicityavirtuecomparedto
__9__
thewickednessofEuropeancities.Itispossible,however,thatthenamewas
originatedwithPresidentGeorgeWashington,whowould
__10__
oftensay,whenfacedwithahardproblem,"
LetusconsultBrotherJonathan"
referringtohissecrectary,JohnathanTrumbull.
1.of和as之间加上it.代替前文的anation
2.it—both.指代上文的US和GreatBritain
3.that—which
4.sufficient—sufficiently.修饰形容词用副词
5.indicated—indicating
6.began—ended.根据历史知识，美国独立战争开始于1776年7月4日（《独立宣言》发表），直到1783年英国正式承认美国独立才结束。
7.for—as.beknownfor意为“因......而众所周知”
8.is—was.美国过去曾是一个ruralandunsophisticated的国家
9.to—pareto意为“把......比作.......”comparewith意为“与......比较，与.......匹敌，与......竞争”
10.删掉name和originated之间的was
Ancientmanattemptedtochangetheweatherbyusingmagic.
Whileexperiencetaughthimthiswasimpossible,
__1__
hetriedtoforecastweatherconditions.Evenearlierin
__2__
1000B.C.therewereweatherseersinBabylon----andpriests
cleverenoughtodenounceasfraudsthosepredicted
theweatherayearintheadvance.Someforecastersused
methodsthatseemedtotakenoconnectionwiththeactual
factorscontrolledtheweather.Chickensandotheranimals
__6__
weresacrificedandtheirintestinespokedtofindsigns
indicatingrainanddrought.Somewhatmorescientificwere
__7__
predictionsbasedonvegetation:
Onion'
sskinverythin,mild
weathercomingin.Onion'
sskinthickandtough,coming
weatheriscoldandrough."
Insectsandanimalswerealso
__8__
favoriteweatherclues:
"
Beforetheglowwormlightshislamp,
thentheairisalwaysdamp."
Ifspiderstheircobwebsforsake,
theweatherwillforcertainbreak."
Iffrogsremainedinpools,
theweatherwillbefine.Iftheywereseenonrocks,
__10__
rainandcoldweredue."
It'
sdifficulttosaywhetherthisrhyme
shouldbetakenseriously:
Hark,Iheartheassesbray.
Methinkswe'
llhavesomeraintoday."
答案详解:
1.While-When或After.本句的this指代的是tochangetheweatherbyusingmagic.when/after引导时间状语
2.in-than.earlier是early的比较级,其后应有than
3.those之后加who.who引导定语从句
4.删除advance前的the.inadvance为习语
5.take-have.haveconnectionwith为习语
6.controlled-controlling或在controlled前加that/which.controllingtheweather或that/whichcontrolledtheweather做定语修饰theactualfactors
7.and-or.rain和draught只能是二者之一
8.删除is.与上文平衡,均为省略句
9.before-when/if.条件句
10.will-would.if引导的是条件句用的是remained一般过去时来源
改错指导：
常见典型语法错误
语言是评判作文的一个极其重要的因素。
在实际的阅卷过程中，语法错误，尤其是较为严重的错误，是阅卷人员的主要“照顾点”，有时甚至是惟一的点；
当然那样处理是有道理的，大家可以设想一下，一篇语法上漏洞百出、严重影响表达的作文又会有什么样的好内容呢？
如果因为语言上的错误而导致失分，那将得不偿失。
因此，认清各种各样的语法错误，尽可能地避免少犯，对于提高作文分是有极大的帮助的。
现将我们在阅卷过程中所发现的大量语言错误逐一归类，抽出其中的典型错误，以警示大家，供参考。
1．句子成分残缺不全
Wealwaysworkingtilllateatnightbeforetakingexams.（误）
Wearealwaysworking/Wealwaysworktilllateatnightbeforetakingexams（正）
Weshouldreadbooksmaybeusefultous.（误）
Weshouldreadbookswhichmaybeusefultous.（正）
2．句子成分多余
Thistestisend,butthereisanothertestiswaitingforyou.（误）
Onetestends,butanotheriswaitingforyou.（正）
Thedriveroftheredcarwasdiedonthespot.（误）
Thedriveroftheredcardiedonthespot.（正）
3．主谓不一致
Someone/Somebodythinkthatreadingshouldbeselective.（误）
Somethinkthatreadingshouldbeselective.（正）
Mysistergotothecinemaatleastonceaweek.（误）
Mysistergoestothecinemaatleastonceaweek.（正）
4．动词时态、语态的误用
Iwaswalkingalongtheroad,andtherearenotsomanycarsonthestreet.（误）
Iwaswalkingalongtheroadandtherewerenotsomanyvehiclesonthestreet.（正）
Wehavelittletimetoreadsomebookswhichweinterest.（误）
Wehavelittletimetoreadsomebooksinwhichweareinterested.（正）
Iamastudentwhohasstudyinginthecollegefortwoyears.（误）
Ihavebeenstudyinginthecollegefortwoyears（正）
5．词类混淆
Itismypointthatreadingmustbeselectively.（误）
Inmyopinion,readingmustbeselective.（正）
Honestissoimportantforeveryperson.（误）
Honestyissoimportantforeveryone.（正）
Theoldmanwashitbyacarwhenheacrossthestreet.（误）
Theoldmanwashitbyacarwhenhewascrossingthestreet.（正）
错误类型有以下几种：
1．主谓一致2．动词时态
3．动词语态：
主动／被动语态
4．连接词／并列句／从句
5．比较级
6．虚拟语气
7．非谓语动词
8．代词与先行词的一致
9．倒装句语序
10．赘述
升级会员 