初中英语基础知识总结.docx
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初中英语基础知识总结
1let后面跟动词原形
（1）It’stimeforclass.Let’s_____totheclassroom.AtogoBgoCgoingDgoes
（2）Letyourkite_________high,Tom.AtoflyBfliesCflyingDfly
2play后面接乐器类名词时要有定冠词the，跟球类名词不用任何冠词。
（1）I’mgoodat____violin.Mybrotherlikessports.Hecanplay_____basketballverywell.
Aplaythe,theBplayingthe,/Cplay/,/Dplaying/,the
（2）Canyou______piano.？
AplayBplaytheCplaysDplaya
3some和any“一些可以修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词some用在肯定句中any用在否定句中，但在wouldyoulike~~?
句型中或希望得到对方的肯定回答用some.
（1）Ihavesome_____.Hehassome_____.
Aorange,icecreamBorange,icecreamsCoranges,icecreamsDanorange,anicecream
（2）–Wouldyoulike____soup?
-______Aany,YesBsome,YesCany,No,please
4介词用
（1）in用在年份，月份，季节前
（2）on用在具体某一天上午下午晚上及星期前
（1）Ourschoolsportsmeetingwillstart___themorningofnextSaturday.AonBatCinDto
（2）Bettyarrived__London____theeveningofJune1st.Aat,inBat,onCin,inDin,on
（3）Theyhadaclassmeeting___Fridayafternoon.AatBinConDto
（4）Whatdoesyourmotherusuallydo___SaturdayandSundaymorning?
AonBatCinDof
（5）Shewasborn___April.AinBatConDto
5wanttodosth=wouldliketodosth想要干某事
（1）Doyouwant_____toamovie?
AgoBtogoCgoingDgoes
（2）Iwant__basketballafterclass.AtoplayBtoplayaCplayDplaying
（3）Doyouwant______?
AsomefruitBanyfruitCsomeapplesDanyapple
（4）Wouldyoulike_____dinnerwithme?
AhaveBhavingCtohaveDhad
6Therebe句型
（1）句型中不能出现have,has
（2）be只能用is,are,was,were,/isgoingtobe,aregoingtobe
（2）后面名词单数用is,was名词是复数时用are,were
（1）There____someoldpeopletakingawalkinthepark.AisBareChasDhave
（2）There____somechildreninthepark.AisBareChasDhave
（3）There___afootballmatchtomorrow.AisgoingtohaveBisgoingtobeCaregoingtohave
（4）There______somebooksonthedeskyesterday.AisBareCwasDwere
7enjoy,finish,practice后面跟动词的ing形式
（1）Samenjoys__stamps.Andnowhehas226ofthem.AtocollectBcollectsCcollecting
（2）Manyyoungpeopleenjoy____topopularsongs.AlistenBlistensClisteningDtolisten
（3）Haveyoufinished_____（do）?
（4）Theyfinished____（build）thehouse.
（5）Youshouldpractice____（listen）toEnglisheveryday.
8不定代词做主语时，谓语用单数。
不定代词和形容词连用时形容词放在不定代词之后。
Everyone__herenow.Let’sbeginourclass.AamBisCareDhas
Something____wrongwithmywatch.AisBareCamD/
-What‘sonTVtonight?
–There‘s____.It’sboring.
AsomethinginterestingBanythinginterestingCeverythinginterestingDnothinginteresting
（4）Ihave______totellyou.AsomethingimportantBimportantsomethingCanythingimportant
9whatabout=howabout+v-ing.whydon’tyou=whynot+v原形
（1）Whatabout__soccerthisSaturday?
AplayingBplayCplays
（2）Whatabout____outforawalk?
AwentBgoCtogoDgoing
（3）Whydon’tyou__alitterearly?
AcomingBtocomeCcomeDcomes
（4）HowaboutvisitingtheGreatwall?
（同义句）--------visittheGreatWall?
10Thankyoufordoing
（1）Thanksfor____metoyourbirthdayparty.AinviteBinvitingCinvitedDtoinvite
（2）Thankyoufor___me.AhelpBtohelpChelpingDhelps
11must后面跟动词原形，否定回答要用needn’t/don’thaveto
（1）-MustIcomeatfouro’clock?
-Oh,no,you__.Amustn’tBdon’tCcan’tDdon’thaveto
（2）MustIgonow?
No,you_____Amustn’tBdon’tCneedn’tDcan’t
12howoften通常用来询问动作发生的频率，答语一般为onceaweek,twiceamonth
-Peter,____doyouvisityourgrandpa?
–Twiceamonth.AhowlongBhowsoonChowoften
13lookafter=takecareof照顾照看
（1）Simon’sfatherisill.Sohehastostayathometo___hisfather.
AlookforBlookupClookafterDlookat
（2）Helookedafterhissisteryesterday.（同义句）He———hissisteryesterday.
14形容词比较级
（1）句中有than出现
（2）单音节词词尾加er（3）多音节词词前加more
（1）–Howareyou?
–Much___,butmydoctorsaysI’llstillhavetorestforfewdays.
AwellBgoodCbetterDbest
（2）Thiswatchis__thanthatone.AmorecheaperBmuchcheapCmorecheapDmuchcheaper
（3）Heis___thanme.AtallBtallerCshortDtallest
15形容词最高级
（1）句中有of/in短语出现
（2）单音节词在词尾加est多音节词词前加most（3）最高级前一般要用the
（1）Beijing,thecapitalofChina,isoneofcitiesistheworld.
A.thebiggestB.biggerC.muchD.big
（2）Whoisrunningstarinyourcollege?
--------IthinkPhilipis.
A.famousB.morefamousC.themostfamousD.lessfamous
（3）Ofallthestudentsinhisclass,Maryis（short）.
（4）Allthebooks,thisoneis（cheap）
（5）Maryismorecarefulthetwo.
（6）thisproblemis（difficult）ofallherthree.
（7）Sheisthemostbeautifulherclass.A.ofB.inC.ofanD.all
16同级比较（not）as（so）+形容词原级+as
1.Donotjustbelievetheadvertisement.Thatofkindofcameraisasitsays.
A.asgoodasB.notasgoodasC.aswellasD.notaswellas
2.Iamgoodatartyou.A.as;asB.so;asC.as;soD.in;as
17固定短语begoodat（擅长做 at+Ving）
1.IsMissLeegooddancing?
A.forB.atC.toD.with
2.Readinginthesunisnotyoureyes.
A.goodforB.goodatC.goodtoD.wellfor
3.LiuYingisnotassportsashersister.
A.goodforB.goodatC.goodtoD.wellfor
4.YoudoEnglish.Iwouldliketostudywithyou.
A.goodforB.goodatC.wellinD.well
5.Donotworry.Iwilltakecareofhim.
A.lookforB.lookoverC.lookafterD.lookinto
18.固定搭配too…..to….
（1）not+反义词+enoughto太．．．．而不能
1.Youareneverolddreamanewdream.
A.very;toB.so;thatC.such;thatD.too;to
句式转换
（2）So…..thatcannot
1.Heisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.（改为同义句）
Heisgotoschool.
2.Youaretooweaktogothreealone.（改为同义句）
Youaretogothreealone.
3.Thesuitcaseisveryheavy.Icannotcarryit.（合并为一句）
Thesuitcaseisheavymecarry.
4.Couldyoupleasegivemeahand?
-------
A.No,thanks.B.YouarewelcomeC.Yes,Icould.D.Sure,Whatiswrong?
5------CouldIhavesomeofyourwater?
-------Certainly,
A.giveyouB.hereareyouC.hereyouareD.thanksverymuch
6Beijing,thecapitalofChina,isoneofcitiesintheworld.
A.thebiggestB.biggerC.muchbiggerD.big
7------Whoisrunningstarinyourcollege?
-------IthinkPhilipis.
A.famousB.morefamousC.themostfamousD.lessfamous
19感官系动词smell”闻起来”，taste”尝起来”，look”看起来”，sound”听起来”，feel”摸起来”，其后都跟形容词。
1.------Dinnerisready,Helpyourself!
------Wow!
Itdelicious.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtocookit?
A.tastesB.looksC.soundsD.feels
2Welovetogotothecountryinspringastheflowerssmellso__AwellBniceCwonderfully
3ThiskindofT-shirtlooks___andsells_____inthemarket.
Anice,goodBwell,wellCnice,wellDgood,nice
20thousand（千），hundred（百）用法：
当它前面有数词修饰时不可以用复数形式，且不与of连用；当它用复数时，应与介词of连用。
1.Inourcity,middleschoolstudentswanttoworkasateacherinthefuture.
A.thousandB.thousandofC.thousandsofD.twothousandof
2Ninepoundsaweek?
Thanisverygood.
A.hundredofB.hundredsofC.hundredsD.hundred
3.Threearestudentsinourschool.
A.twothousandofB.thousandofC.twothousandsD.thousandsof
4.Threeareofstudentsinourschoolbutonlyofthemaregirls.
A.hundreds;twohundredB.hundred;twohundredsC.hundred;twohundreds
5.IdidnotgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.
A.todoB.doingC.didD.do
6.EverydayIspendtwohoursmyhomework.
A.finishingtodoB.finishingdoingC.tofinishtodoD.tofinishdoing
7.JackhasstudiedChineseinthisschooltheyearof2000.
A.sinceB.inC.onD.by
9.Hehasbeenworkingthree1989.A.sinceB.forC.onD.in
10.TheyhavestudiedEnglishthreeyears.A.sinceB.forC.onD.in
11.Wouldyoumindmoreslowly?
Icannotfollowyou.
A.speakB.spokeC.spokenD.speaking
12.WouldyoumindmehowEnglishwords?
A.tell;torememberB.telling;rememberC.telling;torememberD.tell;remember
13.Wouldyoumind?
A.notsmokingB.smokingnotC.mytosmokeD.notsmoketo
14Wouldyoumind?
A.mysmokingB.IsmokingC.mytosmokeD.Itosmoke
15------Whynotthemusicclub?
------Iamsorry.Icannotsingordance.
A.tojoinB.joinC.joiningD.tojoinin
16.ofthestudentsinourclasscanworkoutthisproblem.
A.ThirdfivesB.ThreefiveC.ThreefifthsD.Thirdfifth
21分数是由基数词和序数词合成的。
分子用基数词，分母用序数词。
若分子大于1时，分母的序数词要加-s，变成复数形式。
26.Hefeelsunhappy,?
A.isnotheB.doesheC.doesnotheD.ishe
27He’sneverbeentotheUnitedStates,_____?
Aisn’theBdoesn’theChasn’theDhashe
28Thereisenoughfoodforthebirds,___________?
29Maryhastwobrothers,___________?
22动词+by+v-ing
1IlearnEnglishby______thetextbook.AreadBreadingClookDlookingat
2–HowdoyoustudyChinesesowell?
-____readingplentyofbooks.AToBOfCAtDBy
3Istudyby____tapes.（listento）4Igotoschoolby_____（ride）abike.2
23usedto过去常常后面跟动词原形
1Mary，you______beshort,butnowyouaretall.AwereBareCusetoDusedto
2Mother________usstorieswhenwewereyoung.
AisusedtotellingBusedtotellCusedtotellingDwasusedtotell
24含有情态动词should的被动语态
1.Thepersonsunder16yearsoldshouldnottogototheInternetbar.
A.beallowedB.beallowingC.allowD.allowed
2.Teenagersallowedtodriveinthestreet.
A.shouldnotbeB.shouldbenotC.notshouldbeD.shouldnot
3Sixteen-year-oldsshouldnottogotoanInternetcafé.
A.beallowedB.washedC.allowD.areallowed
4.Theseclothesshouldatonce.
A.washB.washedC.bewashD.bewashed
5.Shesaidthatwehelpeachother.A.willB.shallC.shouldD.can
6.Everyoneshouldmorevegetableeveryday.
A.eatB.eatingC.toeatD.ate
7.Ifhewithus,wefinishthetaskearlier.
A.is;willB.is;wouldC.was;willD.were;would
8.IfitwereSundaytoday,Igotoschool.
A.shannotB.wouldnotC.cannotD.wonnot
9Ifhehere,hemightagreewith
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