读野性的呼唤有感全英文文档格式.docx

读野性的呼唤有感全英文文档格式.docx

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伦敦作品主题的特点，那就是对人与自然冲突的描写。

就《野性的呼唤》这本书来说，它的主人公巴克最终的回归行为是作者渴望自由的象征，也是在当时社会环境下受压迫人们的迫切愿望。

它指出了作者的写作思想，那就是人们在与自然斗争中展示出的坚强意志。

本文试图通过剖析作品的几大主题—回归自然，适者生存，社会生活的折射，抗争精神和人道主义，以揭示其主体的深刻内涵，从而探寻其长盛不衰的艺术魅力。

该篇论文深刻分析了“回归”的含义，在对原著透彻理解的基础上阐述了环境对人类的重要性，揭示了主题。

关键词：

野性的呼唤；

自由；

回归；

Abstract

TheCalloftheWildisthefirstsellerofJackLondon,oneofthebestnovelsintheearlytwentieth–centuryAmerica.Itwasthisbookthatmadeitsauthorfamousintherepublicofletters.Althoughithasasimpleplot,itisconsideredasaclassicofAmericanliterature.ThearticlevividlyanalyzesthecharacteristicsofJackLondon’swritingthemethatisthedescriptionoftheconflictsbetweennatureandhuman.BasedonTheCalloftheWild，thebehaviorofitsprotagonistBuck’sfinalreturnisthesymbolofyearningforfreedomoftheauthoraswellastheurgentaspirationofpeoplewhowererepressedatthesocialcircumstanceofthattime.Itpointsouttheauthor’swritingthoughts,thathumanshowhowstrongtheyareintheirfightagainstnature.Thisthesisundertakesanattempttodissectitsthemes—backtothenature,thesurvivalofthefittest,therefractionofsociallife,strugglesoftheoppressedandhumanitarianismsoastodisclosethemultiplicityofthethemeinit.

Thisthesisanalyzestheconnotationof“return”deeply.Basingonthethoroughunderstandingofthenovel,thisthesisexpoundstheimportanceofenvironmenttohumanbeings,andrevealsthetheme.

Keywords：

TheCalloftheWild;

freedom;

return

Contents

Chapter1Introduction1

Chapter2Leavinghometothewild3

2.1Fallingintocheatandleavinghome3

2.2Unabletogetawayfromtheclub3

2.3Goingintothewild4

Chapter3Apainfulstruggle5

3.1Theinitialpractice5

3.2Thetribulationofthesurvival5

3.2.1Followingthelawoftheclubandtooth5

3.2.2Becomealeader6

3.2.3Fortheloveofhisbenefactor7

3.3Thelastchoice8

Chapter4Buck’sgains9

4.1Howtobecomeasledgedog9

4.2Howtoliveinthenorth9

4.3Howtorepayanobligation10

4.4Thecruelcircumstance10

Chapter5Conclusion12

References17

Acknowledgements18

Chapter1Introduction

ThemostfamousnovelabouttheanimalfromtheAmericanfamousnovelistJackLondon（1876-1916）isTheCalloftheWild.ItisoneofthemasterpiecesofthegreatAmericanwriterJackLondon,andithasalwaysbeenmyfavoritenovel.Itapparentlyisadog’sstory.Inthedeeppart,LondonmakesareflectionoftherealhumanlifethroughBuck’slife.Hetreatsanimalslikehumanbeingsandhumanbeingsarejustlikeanimals,recognizingnoessentialdifferencebetweenmanandanimal.JackLondon’suncannyunderstandingofanimalandhumannaturesgivethisnovelastrikingvitalityandpower.Afterreadingit,peoplecouldnothelpponderingoverhisownlifeandthinkingaboutwhatistherealmeaningofhumannaturethatalwaysresoundsintheinnerheartliketheWildappealingBucktoreturntoitsarms.Buck’sstoryinfactisahuman’slifestory.Someinterestingcomparisonswillshowhowamazinglysimilarthesetwoworldsare,andsomeinspirationscanbedrawnfromthisallegoricstory.

Oneofthecharacteristicsofhisnovelliesintheirthemes,especiallyfocusingonthefightbetweenthehumanandthenatureandhisexpressionofrespectforhuman’sstrongwillinthesefights.Buthisnovelstandsoutamongallthiskindofhuman—natureconflictstoriesbecauseheiscleverenoughtomakecruelstoryinterestingandplotting.Inthisnovel,thewholestoryisbasedonasmartdog,Buck,whichmakesitfreshbeyondtheoutlookofadogandthecommondescriptionofit.ThisisastorythattakesplaceintheoriginalwildernessofthebacklandsnowandiceboundinNorthAmerica,describingadogwhonamedBucktobedrawninthewaveofgoldrushinAlaska.Heexperiencesvarioussufferingsstruckwithsoul—stirring,andbecausedtorememberhisancestrybyinstinctinthehowl.Generally,theoriginalinnatewildofthewolfhasrevivedinhisdeepsoul.Finally,underthelureofthewolf,thewildnessintheuntamednaturebroughttohislifelittlebylittleandhissocialreturntothenaturefromthecivilization.Althoughthenoveldescribesadog,itgivesthedogwiththeinnateintelligence,using“he”and“they”tocallthemcompletely.Thepurposeliesinbeingreflectedthepatheticlifeofthelaborpeopleinacapitalismsocietybythecareerofadog,expressingthestrongwildthattheyresisttheexploitationandoppressionandlookforwardtothefreedom.Notonlydoesthestorytellthattheheroreturnstothegreatuniverse,butalsoitemphasizestheprocessthathissoulreturnstothewild.Useanewwritingskilltoannouncethetopicofthereturning.

Thisnovelhas7chapters.Thelaunch,developmentandtheendofthestoryisbythecluesofthelivingenvironmentandmindvarietyofBuck.Itcanbedividedintofourimportanceparts:

⑴BuckwasborninJudgeMiller’shouseinthesunnyvalleyofSantaClarainSouthernandhehadthecomfortablelifebutbecauseofthepanforgold,hewasthrownintotheabyssofpainandsufferings;

⑵ThedifficultlifeafterBuckbecomeasledgedogandthemaltreatmentwhichhewassubjectedandhisresists;

⑶ThefightsbetweendoganddogandfinallyBuckacquiredthemasterpolicy;

⑷Buckrupturedtherelationtotheperson’satlast,andthecallofthewildmakeshimbringhislifetotheuntamednature,becomingonememberofwolves.

Chapter2Leavinghometothewild

2.1Fallingintocheatandleavinghome

First,inthelifeofthefirstfouryears,BuckwasinJudgeMiller’sofficialresidencewithsatisfiedfoodalldaylonganddidnothingdaybyday.Hereceivedthegreatfavorsfully,didnotcontendforthelifewithanyone,anddidnotneedtorushouttoworkhardatthechores.Soheformedthegoodhabitssuchasgentlenessanddocilityinhispersonality.Oneday,anassistantofthegardenofJudgeMiller’sofficialresidencelostmoneybecauseofagamble;

hewasbeingeagertorepaytheloansoheabductedBucktogooutofthehouseandsoldhimtoadogtraderbythepriceof100dollarsasaresult.

2.2Unabletogetawayfromtheclub

Inthejudge’sofficialresidence,therewasmoresuperioritywithBuckthanotherdogs,butcannotadapttheweatherthatthechillofgreatuniversechanged.Hecouldnotfightwithothersbecausehewasinahabitofahigh-fedlife;

healwaysshowedself-satisfactionevenmorealittlegasconade.But,histhoughtwascompletelypureandimmature.Heeasilybelievedthegardenerassistantwhohehadknown.

Hestruggledindignantlyandhowledwhenhewasawareofthathehadfallintocheatalready.Butitwaslate.Hehadbeeneducatedimmediatelyfromthestickinthehandofadogtraderwhoisinaredcoat.Theseweremaltreatmentandhumiliationthatheneverbeensubjectedtofrombirth.Andthismadehimbecomeredeyesdevil.Hetriedhisbesttoresistbutstillfailedintheend.Inthefailureheacceptedthelawoftheclubandtoothpainfully.Shouldsay,thankstothedogtrader,hebeatthisbasicandinitialruleintothebottomofhisheart.HebeattheblindfoldbravenessandthecursorystyleofBuck,madehissoulbecollidedwithandforcedhimtoreturntothemostoriginalappearance.Hehastoacceptthatheisoriginalandthemostcommonanimalinthegreatuniverse,althoughhewasbornunderaveryharmoniousenvironment,nowthathehasalreadyleftthere,heshouldgowhereheexistsoriginally,sohehastoreturntolookforhisownmarriageinthenature,returningtonature.

2.3Goingintothewild

AndthenBucktookthetrainandtraveledbyboat,beingtakentothenorthwhichisunfamiliarandfarawayfromthesouth.Thepeoplewhopineforgoldneededthesledgedogsbecausejustnowthenorthdiscoveredgoldmine.Fromthenon,hehadbeentakenfromtheheartofcivilizationandthrownintothelifeoftheprimitivethatwasfullofhardshipsandstruggle.Undoubtedly,itisagreatturnforhim.

Chapter3Apainfulstruggle

3.1Theinitialpractice

Onthewaynorth,Buckwastorturedbadly.Hewasstrappedbyropes,starved,andbeatenbyclubs.Buckwasinsucharageatbeingtreatedsobadlythathestruggledtothrowofftheropethattiedhim,rushedtothecagethatchainedhim,andbittheclubthatbeathimwithhisfang.Afterhewasdefeatedagainandagain,Buckrealizedhestoodnochanceagainstamanwithaclub.Seeingthatgroupsandgroupsofnew-comingdogsstruggledfuriouslyandbarkeduntilexhausted,andwereyetdefeatedbythemanintheredsweateronebyone,atlastwhenbeingdrivenhome,Buckdrewalessonthat“againanagain,ashelookedateachbrutalperformance,amanwithaclubwasalawgiveramastertobeobeyed.”（StoneIrving1938:

55）

Inthenorth,therewasaworldoffreezingiceandthedriftingsnow.Buckstartedthecareerasasledgedog.Hewasagainstthestrictcold,startedjourneyatdawnandstoppedatdusk,enduredhunger,trailedthesledgetowalkalonglakesandglacierwhichextendedmorethan100mileswithhiscompanionsfromSkagwaytoDawson.Afterfinishedrunning2500mileslessthanfivemonths,heisalreadyutterlyexhausted,onthebrinkofdeath.Unfortunately,afterthislongjourneyheresaletoCharles’s.Sothelifebecameharsherwithpainandsufferings.BuckandhiscolleaguestrailedtheirscrawnybodyclimbtoDawsonunsteadily.Undertheleatherwhiptheywalkedontheroaddifficultlyandafterbeingfriedthelastblood,someofthemhadbeenbeatentodieortiredtodeath.Buckisalsoalmosttiredtodeath;

thesparkofthelifeisweaklytogleam