从历史文化视角分析《家》英译本中的词汇空缺现象毕业论文Word下载.docx

从历史文化视角分析《家》英译本中的词汇空缺现象毕业论文Word下载.docx

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外国语学院

指导教师：

2015年04月10日

AStudyontheLexicalGapsintheEnglishVersionofTheFamilyfromtheProspectiveofHistoryandCulture

By

Agraduatethesis

submittedinpartialfulfillmentoftherequirements

forthedegreeofBachelorofArtstothe

CollegeofForeignLanguages

NorthChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology

April10th,2015

摘要

随着改革开放的进一步深化,中国加入世贸组织的成功以及全球化的背景下，中西方之间经济政治文化交流频繁，尤其是在文化方面，中国传统文化的精髓被越来越多的国外人士所追求和学习。

而语言是文化的载体，同时又是文化不可分割的一部分。

语言能反映并传递文化信息，不同的语言反映出不同的文化内涵。

中文和英文在许多方面存在着不同，比如：

宗教，历史，地理，习俗和价值观等。

因此，两种语言的变换翻译变得尤其重要。

《家》作为中国现代文学史上一部具有代表性的作品，具有极高的文学价值，备受国内外学者关注。

其英译质量的重要性显而易见。

然而，由于中西方文化的差异，把具有中国文化特色的文学作品翻译出原汁原味是很困难的。

其中，面临的一大困难就是词汇空缺现象。

词汇空缺是不同的英汉民族文化导致的词汇系统不同的结果。

目前已经有很多学者在这个领域进行了研究，他们从不同的视角谈论了词汇空缺现象，比如定义，产生的原因及解决方法，他们都做出了很大的贡献。

然而，这些研究还是不够完善和系统的，国外侧重的词汇空缺研究方面缺乏中文的对比，而国内侧重翻译方面。

历史文化视角是翻译中一个重要的因素，其中涉及到源语言的理解以及对目的语翻译的地道程度。

因此，从历史文化视角出发，以具体某一作品作为研究对象分析其中的词汇空缺是很必要的。

本文将具体从历史文化视角分析巴金《家》这一文学著作英译本中的词汇空缺现象，详细了解其背后的历史现实和文化内涵，从而为更多文学作品的英译提供一个较好的经验，将中国博大精深的传统文化展现的更加完整精致。

关键词《家》；

历史文化；

词汇空缺；

英译本

ABSTRACT

Withthefurtherdeepeningofreformandopeningup,theculturalcommunicationbetweentheWestandChinabecomesmoreandmorefrequent.Asaresult,moreforeignersareinterestedintheChineseculture,especiallythetraditionalliterature.Languageisthecarrierandanindispensablecomponentofgivenculture.Languagecanreflectandtransmitculturalinformation,anddifferentlanguagesmirrordifferentculturaltraits.Chineseculturediffersfromwesterncultureinmanyaspectssuchasreligion,geography,history,custom,valuesandsoon.

AsTheFamilyisarepresentativemasterpieceoftheChineseliterature,thequalityofEnglishtranslationbecomesimportant.However,lexicalgap,asanecessaryphenomenonintheliterarytranslation,isdifficulttoovercome.Lexicalgapistheresultofdifferentcultureanddifferentvocabularysystem.Incurrent,manyscholarshavebeenmadesomanyresearchesfromthephenomenon’sdefinition,reasonandthesolutions.TheforeignscholarspayattentiontothestudybutignoretheChineseresearchwhilethedomesticscholarslayemphasisonthetranslation.Theviewofhistoryandcultureisanimportantfactorintranslation,whichreferstotheunderstandingtothesourcelanguageandrevivificationtothetargetlanguage.SoitisnecessarytoanalyzethelexicalgapsintheEnglishversionofTheFamilyfromtheprospectiveofhistoryandculture.

ThisthesiswillelaboratelyanalyzethelexicalgapsinTheFamilyfromtheviewofhistoryandcultureanddeeplyunderstanditshistorybackgroundandculturalconnotation,whichwillprovideagoodexampletootherliteraturetranslationandfurthershowtheextensiveandprofoundofChineseculture.

KeywordsTheFamily;

historyandculture;

lexicalgaps;

Englishversion

Contents

摘要I

ABSTRACTII

Chapter1Introduction1

1.2ResearchObjectiveandSignificance1

1.3ResearchMethodologies1

1.4StructureoftheThesis2

Chapter2LiteratureReview3

2.1ViewsonLexicalGapsAbroad3

2.2ViewsonLexicalGapsinTranslationStudiesatHome3

2.2.1ResearchonLexicalGapsinTeachingChineseasaForeign3

2.2.2ResearchonLexicalGapsinCross-CulturalCommunication4

2.2.3ResearchonLexicalGapsinTranslationStudies6

2.2.4Summary7

Chapter3LexicalGaps9

3.1Thedefinitionoflexicalgaps9

3.2TheMainReasonsofLexicalGapsHappening9

3.2.1DifferencesofPeople’sWorkingandLivingEnvironment9

3.2.2DifferencesofCustoms10

3.2.3DifferencesofReligionBeliefs10

3.2.4DifferencesofAestheticValuesandSocialPsychology10

3.3SolutionstotheProblemsCausedbyLexicalGaps11

Chapter4TheLexicalGapsinTheFamily13

4.1TheFamily13

4.2LexicalGapsinTheFamily13

Chapter5TheLexicalGapsintheViewofHistoryandCulture15

5.1TheViewofHistoryandCulture15

5.2TheReasonsofLexicalGapsHappenedintheBook15

5.3TheSolutionsoftheProblems16

Chapter6Conclusion17

BIBLIOGRAPHY19

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS20

Chapter1Introduction

1.1Background

AsthecommunicationbetweenChinaandthewestbecomesmoreandmorefrequent,peoplepaymoreattentiontothestudytheliteratureandcultureeachother,especiallytheforeignersareinterestedintheChineseliterature.However,itisnoteasytotranslateonelanguagetoanothertotally.Asthemostactivecomponentofalanguage,wordisthebasicunitoflanguagebuilding,andsocialandculturaldifferencescanbedisplayedinlexicalsystems.InbothEnglishandChinese,theculturalconnotationofwordisveryrich,andmanywordscannotfindtheirequivalentsintheotherlanguageduetoculturaldifferences.Soalexicalgapexistsinthetwolanguages.Lexicalgapwillinevitablyresultinmisunderstanding.Iwilldiscussthetranslationfromtheaspectoflexicalgaps.TheFamilyisarepresentativemasterpieceoftheChineseLiterature.Therefore,itisnecessarytoanalyzethetranslationofTheFamilyinthehistoricandculturalview.

1.2ResearchObjectiveandSignificance

ThisthesisisintendedtomakeafurtherstudyaboutthelexicalgapsintheEnglishversionofTheFamilyontheviewofhistoricculture.

Throughthisresearch,Iwillsummarizethesolutionstothelexicalgapshappeningatthetranslationandthetranslatingmethodsinthehistoricview，whichcanpromoteChineseculture'

sexpandingandletforeignersknowthebeautyofChineseliteraturebetter.

1.3ResearchMethodologies

Themajormethodologiesemployedinthisresearchareexemplification,comparisonandanalyze．Alotofsamplesshouldbechosenfromthebookandappliedtothethesisresearch.

1.4StructureoftheThesis

Thisresearchconsistsfivechapters.ChapterOneistheintroduction.Itintroducesthebackgroundoftheresearch,researchobjectiveandsignificance,researchmethodologiesandthestructureofthewholethesis.ChapterTwoistheliteraturereview,mainlyincludingsomeresearchaboutpreviousstudiesonlexicalgapsandtheviewofhistoryandculture.ChapterThreegivesageneraldescriptionofthelexicalgaps.ChapterfouranalysesthelexicalgapsintheEnglishversionofTheFamily.ChapterFiveisthelexicalgapsintheviewofhistoryandculture.Chaptersixisthesummary.Thischaptersummarizethewholecontentofthethesis.

Chapter2LiteratureReview

2.1ViewsonLexicalGapsAbroad

Thestudyonlexicalgapscanbetracedbacktothe1950sintheforeigncountries.Thestudyregularlywasdividedintotwoaspects:

oneisthestudyonlanguage,andtheotherisonculture.In1954,AmericanlinguistCharksHockettfirstproposedtheconceptof"

gap"

whenhecomparedthegrammaticalstructuresoftwolanguages.In1957,Lado,anotherlinguist,putforwardthephrase"

lexicalgap"

fromtheviewofculture,ashecomparedthedifferencebetweenEnglishandRussian.Inthe1970s,"

lexicalgaps"

begantodrawmorescholarsandlinguists'

attention,suchasthewell-knownlinguistsHallL.S.Barhudarov（1975）,JurijSorokin（1978）andIrinaMarkovina（1978）.Intheendofthe1980s,twoRussianlinguistsaswellasrepresentativesofLacunaTheory,JurijSorokin（1989）andIrinaMarkovina（1989）,cameupwiththeideathatitisacrucialstepofcomprehendingtheforeignlanguagetoremovethelexicalgaps,andthen,theycreatedtheLacunaTheory.Infact,untilnow;

itisthesetwolinguistswhoproposedtheLacunaTheorythatcontributedtothemostcompleteandsystematicexplanationandilluminationoflexicalgaps.

2.2ViewsonLexicalGapsinTranslationStudiesatHome

Athome,inrecentyears,thetheoriesaboutthelexicalgaphavebeendeveloping

rapidly,andtheyfocusmainlyontranslationandcross-culturalcommunication.Asa

matteroffact,somevaluableresearchfindingshavebeenrecognizedbyscholarsandlinguists,buttheyhavenotformedacompleteandrationalsystemown.

2.2.1ResearchonLexicalGapsinTeachingChineseasaForeign

Language

Thephenomenonoflexicalgaphasdrawnalotofattentionfromscholarsinthe

fieldofteachingChineseasaforeignlanguageinrecentyears.

InhisbookChineseI}ocabulaiyandCulture,ChangShoujing（2000:

I9）pointsoutthattheexplanationofvocabulariesinmostofChinesetextbookswaslimitedonthesurface,andasaresult,thesebookscouldnotsatisfythecuriosityofinternational

studentsandtheirdesiretolearnChinese.HisbookclassifiestheChinesevocabulariesfromtheperspectiveofChineseculture,andaccountsforthecharacteristicsofChineseword-formationandtheirculturalconnotations.

ItisnoteworthythatWangLingling（2006:

7）,ateacherofDalianUniversityof

ForeignLanguages,hasmadeafurtherdiscussionoflexicalgapsinteachingChineseasaforeignlanguage.Ithaslaidafoundationforourfuturediscussion.Inherbook,sheintroducesthelexicalgapsandcomesupwiththesolutiontoremovingthegapsandcorrespondinginstructionalstrategies,suchaspredictionandguidance,sentencecompletioncompensationandcontinuousconcentratedteaching.Sheholdstheopinionthatwhenteachersexplainanewword,theyaresuggestedtoexplainitsculturalmeaning.Meanwhile,sheproposesthatlexicalgapsarenotonlyaphenomenonoflanguage,butalsothatofculture.Furthermore,sheclassifiesthelexicalgapsinthefieldofteachingChineseasaforeignlanguagefromtheangleofwordformationandfreetranslationofborrowingwords,basedontheclassificationofthepredecessors.

Besides,WangGuo'

anandYaoYing（2003:

144-147）havemadeabrief

introductiontolexicalgapsfromtheviewofteachingChineseasaforeignlanguage