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新概念英语第三册课堂笔记第14课docWord文件下载.docx

protectorn.保护者

protegen.被保护者

★promptly

adv.准时地

IgivehimaringandhecallmebackpromptlyHewassosleepythathewenttosleeppromptly.

ontime准时/intime即时

punctuallyadv.守时地

★destroy

v.毁掉;

消灭

destroyn.强盗毁灭,消灭,完全的摧毁

Theearthquakedestroyedthecity./Youdestroyedhisdream.

damagen.v.强调受损水准不很严重,能够被修复Thebigclockwasdamaged.breakv.n.强调弄坏,弄断

Twoofthestringswerebroken.

spoilv.强调把事情搅和了

spoiltheparty;

spoiltheholiday

★remarkable

adj.不寻常的

remarkableadj.:

unusual;

uncommon;

extraordinary

aremarkableevent不同寻常的事件;

anextraordinaryevent

outstandingadj.突出的,杰出的,卓越的

Ourheadmasterisanoutstandingyouth.

distinguishedadj.杰出的,卓越的,不同非凡的eminentadj.显赫的,杰出的,有名的,优良的

adistinguishedphysicist;

aneminentsurgeon;

aneminentjudge

adistinguishedlayer

well-knownadj.强调众所周知的

famousadj.因卓越的贡献和成绩而流芳百世的

Sheiswell-knowninthemusicalworld/Thisiswell-known

fact.

Heisafamousmoviestar./Luxunisfamousforhisarticles.

notoriousadj.臭明昭著的,臭名远扬的;

befamousforbadthings

Hitlerisnotorious.

infamousadj.身名狼藉的

renownedadj.某人或某事以其独特的品质、个性而闻名

Hangzhouisrenownedfor...

★hand

n.帮,

团伙

abandofrobbers

mobn.

表示贬义色彩的团伙、帮派;

amobofhooligans

一伙

流氓

gangn.一伙;

agangofthieves

nestn.窝;

anestofbandits

packn.团伙、帮派;

apackofhoodlums

★Florence

n.佛罗伦萨(意大利城市)

★city-state

n.(古代)城邦

★hire

v.租出,雇给

hire;

rent;

let;

employ

hireout;

rentout租给

Doesthisfirmhireoutcars?

rentout租给,雇给;

主要强调出租房屋

Herentouthishousetoatourist.

let出租房屋;

lethishouse/Pleaseletyourhousetome.

hirefrom;

renthrom租进来

Hehiredacarfromus/IrentaroomfromMrs.Johnson.

hire指短期雇佣体力劳动者

employ指长期雇佣或聘用脑力劳动者

Weemployedherasouradvisor.

Thefactoryemployed500workers.

Hehiredtwohelpers

★prince

n.君主,诸候★Florentine

n.佛罗伦萨人★funeral

n.葬礼

★dedicate

v.奉献,题献给

dedicateto

Hededicatedhisfirstbooktohismother

dedicate献身,奉献;

比devote更为正式而庄重Idevotemytimetohelpingmystudents.Hededicateshislifetohismotherland.

Hededicatedhislifetoscience.

★memory

n.纪念

Youhaveagoodmemory

inmemoryof/tothememoryof

Ifmymemoryservesmewell,you'

reTom.

★valiantadj.英勇的

braveadj.勇敢的

Theboyisbrave.

Duringwar,soldiersarevaliant.

fearlessadj.大无畏的,无所畏惧的

Wearefearlessintimeofdanger.

courageousadj.有胆量的,有勇气的

Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.

听录音,然后回答以下问题。

HowdidHaywoodmakeintimesofpeace?

TherewasatinewhentheownersofshopsandbusinessesinChicagothattopaylargesumsofmoneytogangstersinreturnfor'

protection.'

Ifthemoneywasnotpaidpromptly,

thegangsterswouldquicklyputamanoutofbusinessbydestroyinghisshop.Obtaining'

protectionmoney'

isnotamoderncrime.Aslongagoasthefourteenthcentury,anEnglishman,SirJohnHawkwood,madetheremarkablediscovery

thatpeoplewouldratherpaylargesumsofmoneythanhavetheirlifeworkdestroyedbygangsters.

Sixhundredyearsago,SirJohanHawkwoodarrivedinItalywithabandofsoldiersandsettlednearFlorence.HesoonmadeanameforhimselfandcametobeknowntotheItaliansasGiovanniAcuto.WhenevertheItaliancity-stateswereatwarwitheachother,Hawkwoodusedtohirehissoldierstoprinceswhowerewillingtopaythehighpricehedemanded.Intimesofpeace,whenbusinesswasbad,Hawkwoodandhismenwouldmarchintoacity-stateand,afterburningdownafewfarms,wouldoffertogoawayprotectionmoneywaspaidtothem.Hawkwoodmadelargesumsofmoneyinthisway.Inspiteofthis,theItaliansregardedhimasasortofhero.

Whenhediedattheageofeighty,theFlorentinesgavehimastatefuneralandhadapicturedwithasdedicatedtothememoryof'

themostvaliantsoldierandmostnotableleader,SignorGiovanniHaukodue.'

参考译文

以前有一个时期,芝加哥的店主和商行的老板们不得不拿出大笔的钱给歹徒以换取"

保护"

如果交款不即时,歹徒们就会很快捣毁他的商店,让他破产.榨取"

保护金"

并不是一种现代的罪恶行径.早在14世纪,英国人约翰.霍克伍德就有过非凡的发现:

"

人们情愿拿出大笔的钱,也不愿毕生的心血毁于歹徒之手.

600年前,约翰.霍克伍德爵士带着一队士兵来到意大利,在佛罗伦萨附近驻扎下来,很快就出了名.意大利人叫他乔凡尼.阿库托.每次意

大利各城邦之间打伏,霍克伍德把他的士兵雇佣给愿给他出高价的君主。

和平时期,当生意萧条时,霍克伍德便带领士兵进入某个城邦,纵火烧毁一两个农场,然后提出,如向他们缴纳保护金,他们便主动撤离。

霍克伍德用这种方法挣了大笔钱.即使如此,意大利人还是把他视作某种英雄。

他80那年死去,佛人他行了国葬,并他画像以念位"

勇无比的士、杰出的袖凡尼.阿托先生."

【文解】

paylargesumsofmoneytosb.

向某人付大笔大笔的用

inreturnfor

目的是了取

----

作⋯⋯的回

Eg.:

Hegavemesomebooksinreturnformyhelp.

when引状从句修time

Therewasatimewhenminiskirtwasinfashion.

promptly:

immediately

putamanoutofbusiness:

使某人失

putsb./sth.outof...使某人失去⋯⋯

Youareputtingmeoutofpatience.

Youhavealreadyputeverythingoutoforder.

putitoutofyourmind

忘件事情吧

bydestroyinghisshop

通⋯⋯手段

Youareputtingmeoutofpatiencebydisturbingme.

obtaining...

obtaining:

getting

aslongagoas追溯回到;

datingbackto

IknewJaneaslongagoastheyear1980.

JohnHawkwood'

sdiscoverywasquiteremarkable

maketheremarkablediscovery做出不同寻常的发现

wouldrather...than...宁愿而不

Hewouldratherdiethansurrender.

Iwouldratherplaytennisthanswim.

wouldprefertodo...thando...

wouldpreferdoing...todoing...

Hewouldprefertodiethansurrender.

Hewouldpreferdyingtosurrendering.

wouldrather:

sooner+that宾语从句(过去式)

Iwouldratherthatyouwerenothere.

IwouldratherthatIdidn'

tseeyou.

Hewouldratherthathedidn'

thearthenews.

lifework毕生的事业

Iwanttohavethetreecutdown.

Sixhundredyearsago...

settlednearFlorence

定居在

Florence

附近

madeanameforhimself

becomefamous

Theysoonmadequiteanameforthemselvesaspopsingers.

cometo/getto逐步的

cometobeknown逐步被人所熟知

Icometobeknowntomystudents.

Igottoknowhim

whenever无什么候

atwar交;

atwarwith于⋯⋯交

hire表示出租

who指代prince

hedemanded:

Hawkwooddemanded

intimeofpeace在和平期

marchinto大踏步行

burndown/burnup光/burnout空

wouldoffertogoaway:

wouldpromisetogoaway

Thehousewasburnedoutonly...

inspiteofthis即使如此

Peopleindifferentcountrieshavedifferentopinions.

theItaliansregardedhimasasortofhero.

givesb.astatefuneralhavesth.done

某人行国葬

Signor

意大利,先生

which指代picture

bededicatedtothememoryofsb.

themostvaliant比的形式

【Specialdifficulties

wouldrather,wouldsooner

wouldratherdothando

wouldratherthat(that

宾语从句中要出现动词的过去时)

(1)...

go...

(2)...

left...

省略了that

(3)...

didnotspeak...

(4)...

notspeak...

否定形式结构:

宁愿不做...

"would

rathernotdo

(5)...

settled...

(6)...

didn'

ttell...

【Multiplechoicequestions

b...

premises:

房产

unharmed替代原文的destroy

(2)...b...

他获取自己的名字是依据自己的所作所为

(3)...a...

inthat=because"

因为"

表示一种原因

(4)...a...

段时间——foralongtime(现在完成式)

(5)...c...

preferdoing+to+动名词

(6)...b...

hire:

从某人租得某物

(7)...a...

ifnot:

如果不=unless

provided---条件是...

(8)...c...

介词on和名词death相搭配,表示去世的状态

介词on和动名词搭配,表示一个动作。

"一...就..."

onseeinghim,Iranaway.

(9)...b...

动词的过去分词

(10)..d...

prepared:

心甘情愿的(=willing)

bewillingtodo,bepreparedtodo

agreeable:

宜人的,惬意的

desirable:

吸引人的(=attractive)

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