届新高考新考案人教版语法点拨非谓语动词.docx
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届新高考新考案人教版语法点拨非谓语动词
2020届新高考新考案人教版
语法点拨2 非谓语动词
题型分类
典型例题
命题解读
语法填空
1.(2018·全国Ⅰ,62)Youdonthavetorunfastorforlongtosee(see)thebenefit.
2.(2018·全国Ⅲ,64,65)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlooking(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesntfeelchallenged(challenge).
3.(2017·全国Ⅰ,68)Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;byeating(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.
4.(2017·全国Ⅲ,61)Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-termresting(rest).
5.(2016·全国Ⅲ,63)Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetaltocreate(create)specialdesigns.
1.考查非谓语动词的句法功能(状语、定语、宾语、补语、主语和表语等);
2.考查固定搭配
短文改错
1.(2018·全国Ⅰ)Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysell→sellingthefish.
2.(2017·全国Ⅰ)Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthewords,“Speedup!
”“Slowdown!
”“Turning→Turnleft!
”
3.(2017·全国Ⅱ)Whensummercomes,theywillinvitetheirstudents加topickthefreshvegetables!
4.(2016·全国Ⅱ)Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandtake→takingatrip.
1.谓语动词与非谓语动词的错用;
2.过去分词与现在分词的错用;
3.不定式符号to的多余或缺失;
4.to是介词还是不定式符号的误判
非谓语动词与语法填空
非谓语动词与短文改错
1.对非谓语动词类考题,解题时首先要通过句子结构判断所给提示词是否要用其非谓语动词。
再通过分析句子成分判断应使用哪种非谓语动词,如:
作主语、宾语用动名词或不定式;作目的状语常用不定式;作伴随状语常用现在分词等;
2.确定要用非谓语动词后,再根据非谓语动词与被修饰词之间的主动、被动关系,动作发生的时间以及句意,判断出该使用何种非谓语动词形式
1.检查谓语动词后是否该有不定式符号to;
2.检查介词后的非谓语动词是否正确;
3.检查并列结构中非谓语动词形式是否一致;
4.检查作主语和宾语的非谓语动词形式是否合适;
5.检查分词作状语是主动还是被动
A卷
全国卷
单句填空/单句改错
1.(2018·全国Ⅰ,63)Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof (die)earlybyrunning.
2.(2018·全国Ⅱ,64)Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice (improve)waterquality.
3.(2018·全国Ⅱ,70)Chinasapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile (feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebanksJuergenVoegele.
4.(2018·全国Ⅱ,短文改错)Asakid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswouldnotletme.
5.(2018·全国Ⅲ,70)Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme (stay)andwatch.
6.(2017·全国Ⅰ,63)Theyarerequired (process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.
7.(2017·全国Ⅱ,63)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad, (lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.
8.(2017·全国Ⅲ,64)ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants (prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.
9.(2016·全国Ⅰ,语法填空)Itwasagreathonour (invite)backstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch.
10.(2016·全国Ⅰ,66)IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter (permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.
11.(2016·全国Ⅰ,67)Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude (introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchcentreinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.
12.(2016·全国Ⅰ,完形填空) (approach)thevehicle,theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow.
13.(2016·全国Ⅰ,完形填空)Theythenheardawomansvoice (come)fromthewrecked(毁坏的)vehicle.
14.(2016·全国Ⅱ,69)Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,youllbelesslikely (bring)yourworkhome.
15.(2016·全国Ⅲ,64)Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots, (use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.
16.(2016·全国Ⅲ,短文改错)IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes.
17.(2016·全国Ⅲ,阅读七选五)Therearemanycommonmethods (use)tocookfish.
18.(2015·全国Ⅰ,68)Astudyoftravelers (conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.
19.(2015·全国Ⅰ,70)Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysitregularlyarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople (live)inShanghaiandHongKong.
20.(2015·全国Ⅱ,61)Theadobedwellings(土坯房) (build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeventhemostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.
【答案与解析】
1.dying 介词后应用动名词形式。
2.toimprove 根据语境可知,“改善水质”是“政府鼓励农民种玉米而不种水稻”的目的,故用动词不定式作目的状语。
3.feeding “when/while+现在分词短语”作时间状语,相当于when/while引导的时间状语从句。
4.watching→watch asktodosth意为“请求做某事”。
5.tostay allowsbtodosth是固定结构,意为“允许某人做某事”,故填tostay。
6.toprocess requiresbtodosth表示“要求某人做某事”,被动形式为sbberequiredtodosth,表示“某人被要求做某事”。
7.laying 分析句子结构可知,此处laying与diggingup,building并列,作included的宾语。
8.toprove wanttodosth意为“想要做某事”。
9.tobeinvited “Itsagreathonourtodosth”意为“做某事很荣幸”,再根据语境可知,此处指被邀请,故用动词不定式的被动式。
10.permitted 句中已有谓语动词was,故此处要用非谓语动词形式。
因permit与reporter为逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词。
11.introducing 由句子结构可知,introduce作谓语动词include的宾语,而Britishvisitors是introduce这一动作的承受者,故用动名词形式。
12.Approaching 分析句子结构可知,此处应用分词作状语。
approach的逻辑主语为句子的主语they,且和they之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词。
ing 考查hearsthdoing结构,声音传来用主动形式,故用现在分词作宾补。
14.tobring 此处考查固定搭配belikelytodosth,意为“很可能做某事”。
15.using 分析